John Searle John Rogers Searle (/sɜrl/; born July 31, 1932) is an American philosopher and currently the Slusser Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley. Widely noted for his contributions to the philosophy of language, philosophy of mind and social philosophy, he began teaching at Berkeley in 1959. He received the Jean Nicod Prize in 2000; the National Humanities Medal in 2004; and the Mind & Brain Prize in 2006. Among his notable concepts is the "Chinese room" argument against "strong" artificial intelligence. Biography[edit] Searle's father, G. Politics[edit] In The Campus War: A Sympathetic Look at the University in Agony (1971),[4] Searle investigates the causes behind the campus protests of the era. Shortly after 9/11, Searle wrote an article claiming that 9/11 was a particular event in a long-term struggle against forces that are intractably opposed to the United States, and signalled support for a more muscular neoconservative interventionist foreign policy.
David Chalmers David Chalmers I am a philosopher at New York University and the Australian National University. Officially I am Professor of Philosophy and co-director of the Center for Mind, Brain, and Consciousness at NYU, and also (20% time) Professor of Philosophy at ANU. I work in the philosophy of mind and in related areas of philosophy and cognitive science. This site includes quite a bit of my own work (e.g. all of my papers), and it also includes a number of resources I've put together on topics related to consciousness and/or philosophy: e.g., MindPapers (a bibliography), directories of online papers, and some philosophical diversions. What's New: Three Puzzles About Spatial Experience, Why Isn't There More Progress in Philosophy? Background I studied mathematics at the University of Adelaide from 1983 to 1986 and at the University of Oxford in 1987-88. Activities I seem to spend a lot of time organizing things (this is a good work-avoidance strategy). Research
Alan Turing Alan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS (/ˈtjʊərɪŋ/ TEWR-ing; 23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was a British mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, pioneering computer scientist, mathematical biologist, and marathon and ultra distance runner. He was highly influential in the development of computer science, providing a formalisation of the concepts of "algorithm" and "computation" with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general purpose computer.[2][3][4] Turing is widely considered to be the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence.[5] During World War II, Turing worked for the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking centre. For a time he led Hut 8, the section responsible for German naval cryptanalysis. After the war, he worked at the National Physical Laboratory, where he designed the ACE, among the first designs for a stored-program computer. Early life and career[edit] Cryptanalysis[edit]
Daemon (technothriller series) Daemon and Freedom™ comprise a two-part novel by the author Daniel Suarez about a distributed, persistent computer application, known as The Daemon, that begins to change the real world after the original programmer's death. Walter F. Parkes, who produced the 1983 film WarGames, had optioned the film rights to Daemon with Paramount Pictures,[1] however these rights likely reverted to Suarez on 8 December 2012.[2] During his investigation, Peter meets and befriends Jon Ross who is a technology consultant. Unfortunately, their traditional investigation methods are useless against Sobol's Daemon program. The Daemon anticipates every move, seemingly one step ahead of anyone who tries to interfere with its operation. Matthew A. On June 25, 2008, the Dutton imprint of the Penguin Group purchased Daemon and the rights to the sequel Freedom™ from Verdugo Press.[3] Since purchasing, Dutton has achieved foreign rights sales worth over $1 million.
Philosophical Investigations Philosophical Investigations (German: Philosophische Untersuchungen) is a work by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. The book was published posthumously in 1953. Wittgenstein discusses numerous problems and puzzles in the fields of semantics, logic, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of psychology, philosophy of action, and philosophy of mind, putting forth the view that conceptual confusions surrounding language use are at the root of most philosophical problems. Wittgenstein alleges that the problems are traceable to a set of related assumptions about the nature of language, which themselves presuppose a particular conception of the essence of language. This conception is considered and ultimately rejected for being too general; that is, as an essentialist account of the nature of language it is simply too narrow to be able to account for the variety of things we do with language. Philosophical Investigations is highly influential. The text[edit] Method and presentation[edit]
Saul Kripke Saul Aaron Kripke (/sɔːl ˈkrɪpki/; born November 13, 1940) is an American philosopher and logician. He is currently McCosh Professor of Philosophy, Emeritus, at Princeton University and teaches as a Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the CUNY Graduate Center. Since the 1960s Kripke has been a central figure in a number of fields related to mathematical logic, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, metaphysics, epistemology, and set theory. Kripke has made influential and original contributions to logic, especially modal logic. Biography[edit] Saul Kripke is the oldest of three children born to Dorothy K. After teaching briefly at Harvard, he moved to Rockefeller University in New York City in 1967, and then received a full-time position at Princeton University in 1977. He has received honorary degrees from the University of Nebraska, Omaha (1977), Johns Hopkins University (1997), University of Haifa, Israel (1998), and the University of Pennsylvania (2005). Work[edit]
Daniel Dennett Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Daniel Clement Dennett est un philosophe américain né le à Boston. C'est l'un des plus importants philosophes contemporains, en philosophie de l'esprit et en philosophie des sciences, et tout particulièrement en ce qui concerne les retombées de la théorie de l'évolution (Darwin's Dangerous Idea) et son refus dans quelques milieux religieux interprété à la lumière des sciences cognitives, ces dernières constituant son sujet de prédilection (Consciousness Explained, The Mind's "I", ...). Biographie[modifier | modifier le code] Ami de Richard Dawkins, il déclare cependant dans The Atheism Tapes (BBC) ne pas partager son avis sur l'intérêt de lutter contre les religions, estimant que Dawkins « sous-estime le désarroi qui s'emparerait d'une grande partie de la population » si elle devait affronter l'existence sans ce secours. Il précise que cela ne remet pas en cause son athéisme personnel. Les travaux de Dennett[modifier | modifier le code]
Marquis de Sade Life[edit] Early life and education[edit] The Marquis de Sade was born in the Hôtel de Condé, Paris, to Jean Baptiste François Joseph, Count de Sade and Marie Eléonore de Maillé de Carman, cousin and Lady-in-waiting to the Princess of Condé. He was educated by an uncle, the Abbé de Sade. Later, he attended a Jesuit lycée, then pursued a military career, becoming Colonel of a Dragoon regiment, and fighting in the Seven Years' War. Sade's father, Jean-Baptiste François Joseph de Sade. Title and heirs[edit] The men of the Sade family alternated between using the marquis and comte (count) titles. For many years, Sade's descendants regarded his life and work as a scandal to be suppressed. Scandals and imprisonment[edit] Sade lived a scandalous libertine existence and repeatedly procured young prostitutes as well as employees of both sexes in his castle in Lacoste. Beginning in 1763, Sade lived mainly in or near Paris. He had been working on his magnum opus Les 120 Journées de Sodome.