Open innovation Open innovation is a term promoted by Henry Chesbrough, adjunct professor and faculty director of the Center for Open Innovation at the Haas School of Business at the University of California,[1] in a book of the same name,[2] though the idea and discussion about some consequences (especially the interfirm cooperation in R&D) date as far back as the 1960s[citation needed]. Some instances of open innovation are Open collaboration,[3] a pattern of collaboration, innovation, and production. The concept is also related to user innovation, cumulative innovation, know-how trading, mass innovation and distributed innovation. “Open innovation is a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as the firms look to advance their technology”.[2] Alternatively, it is "innovating with partners by sharing risk and sharing reward. Advantages[edit] Disadvantages[edit] Models of open innovation[edit] See also[edit]
H2020-SMEINST-1-2014 Research & Innovation - Participant Portal Search Online services unavailable Search Topics Calls Call Updates Research Fund for Coal & Steel 3rd Health Programme Consumer Programme Calls Call Updates Other Funding Opportunities H2020-SMEINST-1-2014Sub call of: H2020-SMEInst-2014-2015 Call summary Please note that the budget figure in the main heading refers to the overall budget available for phase 1 actions in 2014. Cut-off dates:18/06/2014 24/09/2014 17/12/2014 Call updates Topics and submission service In H2020, a proposal is submitted to a specific topic. Download all documents (EN only, incl. the additional docs.) Legal basis - Specific Programme H2020 en WP H2020 - 1. SME Instrument - Frequently Asked Questions en Frequently Asked Questions - Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme en National Contact Points (NCP) – contact your NCP for further assistance. Enterprise Europe Network – contact your EEN national contact point for advice to businesses with special focus on SMEs. © European Communities
Programme pour l'innovation et l'esprit d'entreprise (PIE) - Commission européenne Le PIE, l'un des programmes spécifiques mis en place dans le cadre du CIP, entend soutenir l'innovation et les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) dans l'UE, en se concentrant sur : Un accès au crédit pour les PME facilité par les « instruments financiers du CIP » destinés à soutenir les PME à différentes étapes de leur développement et à appuyer les investissements dans le domaine du développement technologique, de l'innovation et de l'éco-innovation, du transfert de technologies et de l'activité transfrontalière des activités des entreprises. Des services aux entreprises : le « Enterprise Europe Network». Les centres d'entreprise et d'innovation dans toute l'UE et au-delà offrent aux entreprises un éventail de services de qualité gratuits pour les aider à devenir plus compétitives.
SIE-01-2014-1 Specific Challenge: SMEs play a crucial role in developing resource-efficient, cost-effective and affordable technology solutions to decarbonise and make more efficient the energy system in a sustainable way. They are expected to strongly contribute to all challenges outlined in the legal base of the Horizon 2020 Societal Challenge ‘Secure, Clean and Efficient Energy’[1], in particular with regard to Reducing energy consumption and carbon footprint by smart and sustainable use (including energy-efficient products and services as well as ‘Smart Cities and Communities’), Low-cost, low-carbon electricity supply (including renewable energy as well as CCS and re-use), Alternative fuels and mobile energy sources, A single, smart European electricity grid, New knowledge and technologies, and Robust decision making and public engagement. Scope: The SME instrument consists of three separate phases and a coaching and mentoring service for beneficiaries. Expected impact:
Joseph Schumpeter Austrian political economist (1883–1950) Schumpeter was one of the most influential economists of the early 20th century, and popularized the term "creative destruction", coined by Werner Sombart.[4][5][6] Early life and education[edit] Schumpeter was born in 1883 in Triesch, Habsburg Moravia (now Třešť in the Czech Republic, then part of Austria-Hungary) to German-speaking Catholic parents. Both of his grandmothers were Czech.[7] Schumpeter did not acknowledge his Czech ancestry; he considered himself an ethnic German.[7] His father, who owned a factory, died when Joseph was only four years old.[8] In 1893, Joseph and his mother moved to Vienna.[9] Schumpeter was a loyal supporter of Franz Joseph I of Austria.[7] Schumpeter was educated at the Theresianum, and began his career studying law at the University of Vienna under Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, an economic theorist of the Austrian School. In 1913–1914, Schumpeter taught at Columbia University as an invited professor. Career[edit]
The SME Instrument Horizon 2020 funds high-potential innovation through a dedicated SME instrument, which offers seamless business innovation support under the section Societal Challenges and the specific part Leadership in Enabling and Industrial Technologies (LEITs). Provided with about € 3 billion in funding over the period 2014-2020, the SME Instrument helps high-potential SMEs to develop groundbreaking innovative ideas for products, services or processes that are ready to face global market competition. Available to SMEs only, which can however organise a project in the way that best fits their business needs – meaning that subcontracting is not excluded – the new scheme has opened a new highway to innovation through phased, progressive and complimentary support. What support is available? The dedicated SME instrument's supports close-to-market activities, with the aim to give a strong boost to breakthrough innovation. The SME Instrument offers small and medium-sized businesses the following: Outcomes:
Théorie du management par les ressources La théorie du management par les ressources (ou Resource based View Theory)[1] est une approche qui est apparue au milieu des années 1980 dans la gestion stratégique des entreprises grâce à des auteurs comme Birger Wernerfelt, Richard Rumelt[2] et Jay B. Barney. Cette analyse est fondée sur les travaux initiaux d'Edith Penrose et de la théorie de l'organisation industrielle de l'école de Chicago (Yale Brozen, Harold Demsetz, Sam Peltzman). Présentation de la théorie du management par les ressources Selon la théorie du management par les ressources, le "développement de la'firme ne dépend pas seulement de son positionnement externe et du jeu des forces auquel elle est soumise, mais qu'une bonne part de son succès dépend aussi des ressources qu'elle a à sa disposition et qu'elle mobilise à sa façon au service de son offre pour ses clients"[3]. La notion d'équilibre économique, en particulier sous la forme d'équilibre concurrentiel, est une concept central dans cette approche. Annexes
Innovation in SMEs The goal of the actions bundled under the specific objective "Innovation in SMEs" is to build innovation management capacity for Small and Medium Enterprises. Innovation management capacity is the internal ability of companies to manage innovation processes from the generation of the idea to its profitability on the market. SME support will be targeted with a dedicated SME instrument, which is a novel approach to support SMEs' innovation activities. It shall attract more SMEs to Horizon 2020, provide support to a wider range of innovation activities and help to increase the economic impact of project results by its company-focused and market-driven approach. The SME instrument addresses the financing needs of internationally oriented SMEs, in implementing high-risk and high-potential innovation ideas. It aims at supporting projects with a European dimension that lead to radical changes in how business (product, processes, services, marketing etc.) is done.
Consommation collaborative Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. La consommation collaborative désigne un modèle économique où l'usage prédomine sur la propriété : l'usage d'un bien, service, privilège, peut être augmenté par le partage, l'échange, le troc, la vente ou la location de celui-ci. Cette optimisation de l'usage est une réaction à la sous-utilisation classique supposée des : biens ;services ;privilèges ; principalement permise par l'échange d'information via Internet et à l'essor, dans un cadre légal, sécurisé, dans la transparence, de cette tendance depuis les années 2000 est donc fortement lié à l'essor des échanges en ligne ; des immenses places de marché, publiques, telles qu'eBay, aux secteurs émergeant de : La consommation collaborative bouscule les anciens modèles économiques en changeant non pas ce que les gens consomment mais la manière dont ils le consomment[1]. Origines[modifier | modifier le code] Le terme avait été introduit par Ray Algar dans la revue Leisure Report d'avril 2007.
Reverse innovation Reverse innovation or trickle-up innovation is a term referring to an innovation seen first, or likely to be used first, in the developing world before spreading to the industrialized world. The term was popularized by Dartmouth professors Vijay Govindarajan and Chris Trimble and GE's Jeffrey R. Immelt.[1][1][2][3][4] Subsequently, Vijay Govindarajan and Chris Trimble published the book Reverse Innovation.[5] Reverse innovation refers broadly to the process whereby goods developed as inexpensive models to meet the needs of developing nations, such as battery-operated medical instruments in countries with limited infrastructure, are then repackaged as low-cost innovative goods for Western buyers. Definition[edit] The process of reverse innovation begins by focusing on needs and requirements for low-cost products in countries like India and China. C.K. Reverse innovation in global health systems[edit] Other examples[edit] Reverse innovations are not always disruptive innovations.[16]
L’innovation frugale XEnvoyer cet article par e-mail L'innovation frugale XEnvoyer cet article par e-mailL'innovation frugale Stratégie La nouvelle stratégie industrielle qui nous vient des pays émergents “L'art naît dans la contrainte et meurt de liberté”, répétait Michel-Ange. Ces campagnes indiennes reculées semblaient vouées à rester figées pour l'éternité ; et pourtant… grâce aux capteurs installés localement par Tata Consultancy Services qui collectent des informations sur le sol et les conditions météorologiques, un paysan, pourra appeler une hotline depuis son mobile afin de recevoir des conseils quant au meilleur produit à utiliser. “More with less for more” Comme souvent, la nouveauté vient de la tradition. Les quatre piliers de l'innovation frugale Au programme des créatifs : sous-traitance absolue, nouveaux business models, réutilisation de technologies existantes, et surtout recherche d'économies d'échelle dans des secteurs qui n'y étaient pas habitués. (*) cf. Par Julien Tarby