Non-Violence is Effective
The Black Panthers
The Black Panthers were formed in California in 1966 and they played a short but important part in the civil rights movement. The Black Panthers believed that the non-violent campaign of Martin Luther King had failed and any promised changes to their lifestyle via the ‘traditional’ civil rights movement, would take too long to be implemented or simply not introduced. The language of the Black Panthers was violent as was their public stance. The two founders of the Black Panther Party were Huey Percy Newton and Bobby Seale. They preached for a “revolutionary war” but though they considered themselves an African-American party, they were willing to speak out for all those who were oppressed from whatever minority group. The Black Panther Party (BPP) had four desires : equality in education, housing, employment and civil rights. The ten points of the party platform were: 1) “Freedom; the power to determine the destiny of the Black and oppressed communities.
Rosa Parks and the Bus Boycott
The Collection
The National Museum of African American History and Culture, like all other Smithsonian museums, hopes to benefit from donations of historical artifacts, archival documents, and works of art. Before accepting anything for the National Collection, the Museum must evaluate all material. This process involves, but is not limited to, the following steps: Submission of a Collections Information Form by a potential donorConsideration by curatorial staff to determine whether the object/collection warrants further evaluation for potential acquisitionIf the object/collection warrants further evaluation, physical review of the object/collection by curatorial staffVerification of the authenticity of the object/collectionPresentation of a proposal to acquire the object/collection by a Museum Curator to the NMAAHC Collections CommitteeReview and vote by the NMAAHC Collections Committee to recommend accepting or not accepting the object/collectionIf accepted, issuance of the Deed of Gift
1960 Woolworth's Lunch Counter - Separate Is Not Equal
Sitting for Justice: Woolworth’s Lunch Counter On February 1, 1960, four African American college students sat down at a lunch counter at Woolworth’s in Greensboro, North Carolina, and politely asked for service. Their request was refused. Woolworth lunch counter In Greensboro, hundreds of students, civil rights organizations, churches, and members of the community joined in a six-month-long protest. Greensboro first day Ezell A. Woolworth sit-in On the second day of the Greensboro sit-in, Joseph A.
Civil Rights Movement - Black History
The civil rights movement was a struggle for social justice that took place mainly during the 1950s and 1960s for blacks to gain equal rights under the law in the United States. The Civil War had officially abolished slavery, but it didn’t end discrimination against blacks—they continued to endure the devastating effects of racism, especially in the South. By the mid-20th century, African Americans had had more than enough of prejudice and violence against them. They, along with many whites, mobilized and began an unprecedented fight for equality that spanned two decades. Jim Crow Laws During Reconstruction, blacks took on leadership roles like never before. In 1868, the 14th Amendment to the Constitution gave blacks equal protection under the law. To marginalize blacks, keep them separate from whites and erase the progress they’d made during Reconstruction, “Jim Crow” laws were established in the South beginning in the late 19th century. World War II and Civil Rights Rosa Parks Sources
Civil Rights Act of 1957: Protecting African Americans' Right to Vote
Background: On September 9, 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1957.
The Modern Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1964 - Civil Rights
In the greatest mass movement in modern American history, black demonstrations swept the country seeking constitutional equality at the national level, as well as an end to Massive Resistance (state and local government-supported opposition to school desegregation) in the South. Presidential executive orders, the passage of two Civil Rights Acts, and the federal government's first military enforcement of civil rights brought an end to de jure segregation. The success of this movement inspired other minorities to employ similar tactics. Gains in civil rights varied for minorities during this era. Hispanics lost ground as they experienced mass deportations of legal and illegal immigrants in Operation Wetback, educational segregation in Southwest schools, and police brutality cases that rocked Los Angeles. During this time, the homophile movement grew and changed direction.
1965 Bloody Sunday
1963 The March on Washington
