Society for New Communications Research Science Speak Time to Act Over the Corruption That is Killing Ethical Journalism - Ethical Journalism Network The world of journalism is full of good intentions but the idea of news media as a cornerstone of democracy and ethical values is fast disappearing according to a report released today by the Ethical Journalism Network. The report, Untold Stories: How Corruption and Conflicts of Interest Stalk the Newsroom, covers 18 countries and exposes how financially-stricken news media are being overwhelmed by political and corporate forces. The report finds that in countries both rich and poor, there are ‘dark arts’ at work in newsrooms: media managers are doing deals with advertisers to carry paid-for material disguised as honest news; reporters and editors accept bribes and irregular payments; and a culture of dependence on political and corporate friends makes it increasingly difficult to separate journalism from propaganda and impartial reporting from public relations. Today that balance of power has shifted. The story everywhere is one of an uphill struggle. Click here to download the report.
Proto-Greek language The Proto-Greek language is the assumed last common ancestor of all known varieties of Greek, including Mycenaean, the classical Greek dialects (Attic-Ionic, Aeolic, Doric and Arcado-Cypriot), and ultimately Koine, Byzantine and modern Greek. Some scholars would include the fragmentary ancient Macedonian language, either as descended from an earlier "Proto-Hellenic" language, or by definition including it among the descendants of Proto-Greek as a Hellenic language and/or a Greek dialect.[1] Proto-Greek would have been spoken in the late 3rd millennium BC, most probably in the Balkans. The unity of Proto-Greek would have ended as Hellenic migrants, speaking the predecessor of the Mycenaean language, entered the Greek peninsula either around the 21st century BC, or in the 17th century BC at the latest. Phonology[edit] Proto-Greek changes[edit] The primary sound changes separating Proto-Greek from the Proto-Indo-European language included: Laryngeal changes[edit] Palatalization[edit]
PegaSys // Ethereum Explained: Merkle Trees, World State, Transactions, and More December 27, 2018 Ethereum Explained: Merkle Trees, World State, Transactions, and More At PegaSys we understand that entering into the Ethereum world can be a daunting task. There are many new concepts and terms that one needs to learn to engage in the community. In Ethereum Explained our protocol engineer, Lucas Saldanha, provides an easy to digest summary of the Ethereum Yellow Paper for technical and non-technical people alike. Hi everyone! I hope that after reading this post, you’ll know what Merkle trees are and the role that they play in Ethereum, what the world state and account state are, and what a transaction and a block look like. (DISCLAIMER: this post is based on the Byzantium version of the Yellow Paper, version e94ebda from 5th June 2018) Merkle Trees Before discussing the main data objects in Ethereum, I’d like to present a summary of what Merkle trees are and the properties that make them useful. 1. World State Account State *nonce *balance *storageRoot *codeHash Transaction 1. *to
Center for Implementing Technology in Education (CITEd) Fake Science News | Fake Science News – Fake Science Information Verification Handbook The latest edition of the Verification Handbook arrives at a critical moment. Today’s information environment is more chaotic and easier to manipulate than ever before. This book equips journalists with the knowledge to investigate social media accounts, bots, private messaging apps, information operations, deep fakes, as well as other forms of disinformation and media manipulation. The first resource of its kind, it builds on the first edition of the Verification Handbook and the Verification Handbook for Investigative Reporting. Editor Craig Silverman recruited top reporters and academics focused on disinformation and media manipulation to share their tools and techniques.
Hellenic languages Hellenic is the branch of the Indo-European language family that includes Greek.[3] In traditional classifications, Hellenic consists of Greek alone,[4][5] but some linguists group Greek together with various ancient languages thought to have been closely related or distinguish varieties of Greek that are distinct enough to be considered separate languages.[6][7] Greek and ancient Macedonian A family under the name "Hellenic" has been suggested to group together Greek proper and the ancient Macedonian language, which is barely attested and whose degree of relatedness to Greek is not well known. The suggestion of a "Hellenic" group with two branches, in this context, represents the idea that Macedonian was not simply a dialect within Greek but a "sibling language" outside the group of Greek varieties proper.[6][8] Other approaches include Macedonian as a dialect of Greek proper or as an unclassified Paleo-Balkan language. Modern Hellenic languages Language tree Classification See also