The Complete Plain Words Cover of original version of The Complete Plain Words (fifth impression, 1958) All the editions until that of 2014 were published by HMSO. The most recent is issued by an imprint of Penguin Books. Background[edit] The association of wordiness with bureaucracy has a long history. The nonsensical jargon of the old Ministries must be replaced by a simple style, clear and yet concise, free from expressions of servility, from obsequious formulae, stand-offishness, pedantry, or any suggestion that there is an authority superior to that of reason, or of the order established by law. The British civil service of the 19th and early 20th centuries had a reputation for pomposity and long-windedness in its written communications. Sir Ernest Gowers, a senior civil servant, was among those who wished to see officialese replaced by normal English. Plain Words, 1948[edit] The result of Gowers's work was Plain Words, a 94-page booklet. Reviewers responded favourably. ABC of Plain Words, 1951[edit] Notes
Scale | GEOG 030: Geographic Perspectives on Sustainability and Human-Environment Systems, 2011 - Iceweasel Printer-friendly version One of the central concepts in geography is scale. In rough terms, scale refers to how big or small something is. That "something" could be an event, a process, or some other phenomenon. In geography, we often focus on spatial scale, which is the spatial extent of something. We sometimes also discuss temporal scale, which is the temporal extent of something. Some examples can help us understand scale. A nice depiction of scale can be found in the 1977 video "Powers of Ten": The video shows the same point in space on a broad range of scales, from the subatomic to the astronomical. It is important to appreciate that phenomena can be considered or observed at multiple scales. Another example important to Geog 30 is deforestation. * Economic integration: Global freight shipping permits Brazilian trees to be sold to European consumers. * Political integration: American environmental policies may limit the types or quantities of trees that can be imported from Brazil.
Araucaria (software) The user interface is composed of a main window (diagramming), a schemes editor and the AraucariaDB online interface. While Araucaria helps identify the structure of an argument, it provides freedom of analysis resources. The scheme editor allows the user to create argumentation schemes, group them together and save them into a scheme set file. The AraucariaDB Online Repository can be browsed to retrieve specific arguments to fit a diagram. Because it is based on XML, a standard widely used by developers, AML content can be accessed through other software that support XML.
A Brief History of Decision Support Systems by D. J. Power Editor, DSSResources.COM version 4.1 or see version 2.8 see version 4.1 in Spanish translated by Maria Ramos Summary Information Systems researchers and technologists have built and investigated computerized Decision Support Systems (DSS) for approximately 40 years. I. Computerized decision support systems became practical with the development of minicomputers, timeshare operating systems and distributed computing. This hypertext document is a starting point in explaining the origins of the various technology threads that are converging to provide integrated support for managers working alone, in teams and in organization hierarchies to manage organizations and make more rational decisions. The study of decision support systems is an applied discipline that uses knowledge and especially theory from other disciplines. The next section describes the origins of the field of decision support systems. II. In 1960, J.C.R. T.P. John D.C. III. IV. IV.1 Model-driven DSS
Amazon.co.uk - The Complete Plain Words Condition: Used: Good Comment: This book is in good condition and fulfilled by Amazon which means it is eligible for Amazon Prime. The book itself may have been used before but will be largely free of stains and markings. Textbooks may have slight highlighting. Corners may be slightly bent and spine may be creased but overall in solid condition with money back guarantee. Fulfilment by Amazon (FBA) is a service Amazon offers sellers that lets them store their products in Amazon's warehouses, and Amazon directly does the picking, packing, shipping and customer service on these items. If you're a seller, you can increase your sales significantly by using Fulfilment by Amazon. Add to Basket
Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Environment: Resources for Students homepage - Iceweasel you are here: home » resources for students home Energy and environmental courses Database contains more than 500 courses. Search by subject or department for energy- related or environmentally-related courses. Programs of Study Penn State offers an extensive array of energy and environmental and enregy/environmentally—related majors and minors spanning a wealth of disciplines at both the undergraduate and graduate level. Undergraduate: Majors | Minors Graduate: Programs and Minors Find an Advisor Use this tool to find faculty that match your interests. Career Planning Resources Browse list of job board maintained by various Penn State departments and majors or browse career planning resources including career guides; volunteer, government, and internship opportunities; professional organization's employment resources; and other job bulletin boards. Student Funding Resources Links to open undergraduate and graduate funding opportunities from rfp database. Current Student Spotlight Student Groups
Artificial intelligence in video games Artificial intelligence (AI) in video games refers to the computational systems that control non-player characters (NPCs), generate dynamic game behavior, or simulate strategic decision-making. In practice, the term covers a broad range of techniques drawn from computer science, control theory, and robotics rather than “true” artificial intelligence. Moreover, academic AI—aimed at developing autonomous reasoning or learning—is distinct from game AI, whose goal is to deliver engaging, believable, and efficient behavior for players. In general, game AI does not, as might be thought and sometimes is depicted to be the case, mean a realization of an artificial person corresponding to an NPC in the manner of the Turing test or an artificial general intelligence. Some commentators in the video game industry have claimed that advances in game AI have transformed how players interact with digital systems more broadly. However, such claims remain disputed. In computer simulations of board games
How to Disagree March 2008 The web is turning writing into a conversation. Twenty years ago, writers wrote and readers read. The web lets readers respond, and increasingly they do—in comment threads, on forums, and in their own blog posts. Many who respond to something disagree with it. The result is there's a lot more disagreeing going on, especially measured by the word. If we're all going to be disagreeing more, we should be careful to do it well. DH0. This is the lowest form of disagreement, and probably also the most common. u r a fag!!!!!!!!!! But it's important to realize that more articulate name-calling has just as little weight. The author is a self-important dilettante. is really nothing more than a pretentious version of "u r a fag." DH1. An ad hominem attack is not quite as weak as mere name-calling. Of course he would say that. This wouldn't refute the author's argument, but it may at least be relevant to the case. DH2. DH3. This is often combined with DH2 statements, as in: DH4. DH5. DH6.
Writing Recommendation Home — Penn State Meteorology and Atmospheric Science - Iceweasel Applications of artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence has been used in a wide range of fields including medical diagnosis, stock trading, robot control, law, remote sensing, scientific discovery and toys. However, many AI applications are not perceived as AI: "A lot of cutting edge AI has filtered into general applications, often without being called AI because once something becomes useful enough and common enough it's not labeled AI anymore," Nick Bostrom reports.[1] "Many thousands of AI applications are deeply embedded in the infrastructure of every industry." In the late 90s and early 21st century, AI technology became widely used as elements of larger systems, but the field is rarely credited for these successes. Computer science[edit] AI researchers have created many tools to solve the most difficult problems in computer science. Many of their inventions have been adopted by mainstream computer science and are no longer considered a part of AI. Finance[edit] Hospitals and medicine[edit] Heavy industry[edit]
Lateral thinking Lateral thinking is solving problems through an indirect and creative approach, using reasoning that is not immediately obvious and involving ideas that may not be obtainable by using only traditional step-by-step logic. The term was coined in 1967 by Edward de Bono. [1] According to de Bono, lateral thinking deliberately distances itself from standard perceptions of creativity as either "vertical" logic (the classic method for problem solving: working out the solution step-by-step from the given data) or "horizontal" imagination (having many ideas but being unconcerned with the detailed implementation of them). Methods[edit] Critical thinking is primarily concerned with judging the true value of statements and seeking errors. Random Entry Idea Generating Tool: The thinker chooses an object at random, or a noun from a dictionary, and associates it with the area they are thinking about. Challenge Idea Generating Tool: A tool which is designed to ask the question "Why?" See also[edit]
How students learn: what learning involves Serialists and holists Another way in which students can differ in their approach to learning is in terms of the serialist approach versus the holistic approach. Students who adopt a serialistic approach tend to work in a systematic, essentially linear way, and tend to approach a complicated task by breaking it down into a series of sub-tasks, mastering each of these separately, and then combining them in order to master the task as a whole. working systematically, one step at a time focussing narrowly on the specific material being studied looking first at details and evidence finding too many examples and illustrations distracting being cautious about accepting the explanation offered enjoying tightly-structured coaching and teaching. Students who adopt a holistic approach, on the other hand, tend to work best by tackling a task as an integrated whole right from the start.
GIScience | Penn State Department of Geography - Iceweasel Research in Geographic Information Sciences at Penn State includes topics concerning: • cartography, • geovisual analytics, • representation, • ontologies and GeoSemantics, • (geographic) information retrieval, • qualitative and quantitative methods, • spatial cognition, • human factors, • remote sensing, and • education. Research Centers in GIScience The GeoVISTA Center (the Geographic Visualization Science, Technology, and Applications Center) is devoted to fundamental and applied scientific research on the visualization of geo-referenced information, development of geographic visualization (GVis) technologies, and the application of both in science, industry, decision-making, and education. The Peter R. Online Geospatial Education In collaboration with the Dutton e-Education Institute and the World Campus , The Department of Geography has offered instructor-led online education for current and aspiring geographic information systems professionals since 1999.