Reportage Bhoutan : au pays du Bonheur National Brut De Marie-Monique Robin – ARTE GEIE / M2R Productions – France 2014 Niché au cœur de l’Himalaya, le petit royaume du Bhoutan a décidé d’en finir avec « la dictature du Produit Intérieur Brut (PIB) » et de la croissance économique à tout prix, en proposant un nouvel indicateur de richesse : le Bonheur National Brut (BNB). Lancé par le 4ème Roi, le « nouveau paradigme » s’appuie sur quatre piliers : la protection de l’environnement, la conservation et la promotion de la culture bhoutanaise, la bonne gouvernance et le développement économique responsable et durable. Œil pour Œil : les réfugiés de Calais De Lionel Charrier - Agence MYOP Une caméra regarde un appareil photo : l'idée est plutôt simple mais pourquoi faudrait-il se compliquer la tâche pour filmer au travail nos confrères photographes ? A Calais, de nombreux Syriens mènent une vie d'errance en attendant l'opportunité de passer en Angleterre.
Complexity There is no absolute definition of what complexity means, the only consensus among researchers is that there is no agreement about the specific definition of complexity. However, a characterization of what is complex is possible.[1] Complexity is generally used to characterize something with many parts where those parts interact with each other in multiple ways. The study of these complex linkages is the main goal of complex systems theory. In science,[2] there are at this time a number of approaches to characterizing complexity, many of which are reflected in this article. Overview[edit] Definitions of complexity often depend on the concept of a "system"—a set of parts or elements that have relationships among them differentiated from relationships with other elements outside the relational regime. Some definitions relate to the algorithmic basis for the expression of a complex phenomenon or model or mathematical expression, as later set out herein. Varied meanings of complexity[edit]
Jobs, Productivity and the Great Decoupling Cambridge, Mass. A WONDERFUL ride has come to an end. For several decades after World War II the economic statistics we care most about all rose together here in America as if they were tightly coupled. G.D.P. grew, and so did productivity — our ability to get more output from each worker. At the same time, we created millions of jobs, and many of these were the kinds of jobs that allowed the average American worker, who didn’t (and still doesn’t) have a college degree, to enjoy a high and rising standard of living. Productivity growth slowed in the 1970s but revved up again in the 1990s and has stayed strong most years since. We are creating jobs, but not enough of them. Photo As the jaws of the snake opened, wages suffered even more than job growth. What’s going on? As we move ahead the Great Decoupling will only accelerate, for two reasons. Second, technologies are going to continue to become more powerful, and to acquire more advanced skills and abilities.
Mindfulness: more than a fad, less than a revolution. Meditation is simply about being yourself, and knowing something about who that is. - Jon Kabat-Zinn. (The following post is a selection of ideas and links to add some texture and critical apparatus to help people better engage with the growing mindfulness phenomenon. It is by no means an exhaustive account, and was written mostly to make sense of how mindfulness connects with RSA’s work, past and present, which I refer to at the end. While one can and should distinguish between mindfulness meditation and meditation in general, Kabat Zinn’s statement captures why RSA’s Social Brain centre is interested – mindfulness is a form of practice that helps to cultivate self-knowledge.) A colleague recently remarked that mindfulness was ‘on the way out’. And yet, people are right to react to the tendency to see mindfulness as a panacea before really knowing it deeply from a first, second or third person perspective. So when people say ‘mindfulness’ they can mean 1. Mindfulness in Parliament
Complexity theory and organizations Application of complexity theory to strategy Complexity theory and organizations, also called complexity strategy or complex adaptive organizations, is the use of the study of complexity systems in the field of strategic management and organizational studies.[1][2][3][4] It draws from research in the natural sciences that examines uncertainty and non-linearity.[5] Complexity theory emphasizes interactions and the accompanying feedback loops that constantly change systems. While it proposes that systems are unpredictable, they are also constrained by order-generating rules.[6]: 74 Complexity theory has been used in the fields of strategic management and organizational studies. Complex adaptive systems [edit] Organizations can be treated as complex adaptive systems (CAS) as they exhibit fundamental CAS principles like self-organization, complexity, emergence,[9] interdependence, space of possibilities, co-evolution,[10][11][12] chaos,[13][14][11][12] and self-similarity.[7][15][11][12]
Classic Economic Models Classic Economic Models EconModel Classic Economic Models Getting Started Support Links Microeconomics Cool Picture (opens in new window) Introduction Overview of Micro Models Supply and Demand Basic Supply and Demand Who Pays a Sales Tax? Theory of the Firm Perfect Competition# Monopoly / Monopolistic Competition Price Discrimination The Demand for Labor Theory of the Consumer Two Goods - Two Prices# Intertemporal Substitution Labor Supply, Income Taxes, and Transfer Payments Getting Started The models listed here (with the exception of the Solow Growth Model and the two free on-line calculators) run from your browser when you click on a "Model Link" IF you first download and install the EconModel program. Economics Terms Definitions for economics terms used on this web site. Phillips Curve Macroeconomics Introduction Overview of Macro Models Financial Markets Utility-Based Valuation of Risk Mean-Variance Analysis: Risk vs. Meet the Author
La guerre pour l'argent Temps de lecture: 3 min Quand notre classe politique sortira de ses petites affaires et lèvera le nez au-delà des prochaines échéances électorales, elle découvrira que le monde qui vient est si lourd de menaces que les guerres sont à nouveau possibles. Telle est la sombre prédiction de Jean-Hervé Lorenzi, le président du Cercle des économistes, et de Mickaël Berrebi, auteurs d'un livre au titre glaçant: Un monde de violences. Les sources de conflits sont nombreuses et si «nous hésitons à évoquer la guerre… notre incapacité à les surmonter nous y conduira sans nul doute». On avait connu Lorenzi professeur d'optimisme, le voilà effrayant. Le livre est, hélas! On s'arrête sur la finance parce que l'ouvrage présente une thèse nette: le monde financier s'est autonomisé dans les dernières décennies et aucun retour en arrière n'est possible. Cette finance spéculative, inarrêtable, n'oeuvre plus que pour elle-même. Le livre ouvre d'autres pistes. Nous y revoilà, à notre classe politique.
Computational sociology Branch of the discipline of sociology Computational sociology is a branch of sociology that uses computationally intensive methods to analyze and model social phenomena. Using computer simulations, artificial intelligence, complex statistical methods, and analytic approaches like social network analysis, computational sociology develops and tests theories of complex social processes through bottom-up modeling of social interactions.[1] In relevant literature, computational sociology is often related to the study of social complexity.[5] Social complexity concepts such as complex systems, non-linear interconnection among macro and micro process, and emergence, have entered the vocabulary of computational sociology.[6] A practical and well-known example is the construction of a computational model in the form of an "artificial society", by which researchers can analyze the structure of a social system.[2][7] History[edit] Background[edit] Systems theory and structural functionalism[edit]
Crise... quelle crise ? - Les Econoclastes Crise. Ce mot est utilisé par tous pour justifier l’environnement économique actuel… Mais la durée du phénomène doit désormais nous pousser à nous interroger : et si nous n’étions finalement pas en crise, mais vivions plutôt une transition profonde et durable ? Parler d’une crise sous-entend que l’état final de l’économie redevient conforme à l’état initial, à savoir celui du couple croissance/inflation que nous avons connu au cours des trois dernières décennies. Or ce n’est pas le cas : nous vivons probablement aujourd’hui une transition nous faisant entrer dans un monde dans lequel le couple stagnation/déflation l’emporte. Cette conviction s’appuie sur une grille de lecture : celle de la démographie. L’exemple le plus marquant du poids du déterminisme démographique sur l’économie est pour le moment le Japon. Chiffres clés : Le profil de consommation croisé avec les prévisions démographiques disponibles nous permettent de calculer un potentiel de croissance de la consommation.
Complex systems biology Complex systems biology (CSB) is a branch or subfield of mathematical and theoretical biology concerned with complexity of both structure and function in biological organisms, as well as the emergence and evolution of organisms and species, with emphasis being placed on the complex interactions of, and within, bionetworks,[1] and on the fundamental relations and relational patterns that are essential to life.[2][3][4][5][6] CSB is thus a field of theoretical sciences aimed at discovering and modeling the relational patterns essential to life that has only a partial overlap with complex systems theory,[7] and also with the systems approach to biology called systems biology; this is because the latter is restricted primarily to simplified models of biological organization and organisms, as well as to only a general consideration of philosophical or semantic questions related to complexity in biology. Network Representation of a Complex Adaptive System Telomerase structure and function