'Consequentialism' Consequentialism is usually distinguished from deontological ethics (or deontology), in that deontology derives the rightness or wrongness of one's conduct from the character of the behaviour itself rather than the outcomes of the conduct. It is also distinguished from virtue ethics, which focuses on the character of the agent rather than on the nature or consequences of the act (or omission) itself, and pragmatic ethics which treats morality like science: advancing socially over the course of many lifetimes, such that any moral criterion is subject to revision. Consequentialist theories differ in how they define moral goods. Some argue that consequentialist and deontological theories are not necessarily mutually exclusive. For example, T.M. Consequentialist philosophies[edit] State consequentialism[edit] Mozi supported a communitarian form of consequentialism, rather than individual pleasure or pain.[4] Utilitarianism[edit] Ethical egoism[edit] Ethical altruism[edit]
Exhibitions > Galleries designcoholic tasarım dünyası Maslow's hierarchy of needs Maslow's hierarchy of needs, represented as a pyramid with the more basic needs at the bottom[1] Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in Psychological Review.[2] Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity. His theories parallel many other theories of human developmental psychology, some of which focus on describing the stages of growth in humans. Maslow used the terms "physiological", "safety", "belongingness" and "love", "esteem", "self-actualization", and "self-transcendence" to describe the pattern that human motivations generally move through. Maslow's theory was fully expressed in his 1954 book Motivation and Personality.[5] The hierarchy remains a very popular framework in sociology research, management training[6] and secondary and higher psychology instruction. Hierarchy Physiological needs Safety needs Safety and Security needs include:
Ethics The three major areas of study within ethics are:[1] Meta-ethics, concerning the theoretical meaning and reference of moral propositions, and how their truth values (if any) can be determinedNormative ethics, concerning the practical means of determining a moral course of actionApplied ethics, concerning what a person is obligated (or permitted) to do in a specific situation or a particular domain of action[1] Defining ethics[edit] The word "ethics" in English refers to several things.[6] It can refer to philosophical ethics—a project that attempts to use reason in order to answer various kinds of ethical questions.[citation needed] It can also be used to describe a particular person's own, idiosyncratic principles or habits.[7] For example: "Joe has good ethics." [edit] Main article: Meta-ethics Meta-ethics has always accompanied philosophical ethics. The ontology of ethics is about value-bearing things or properties, i.e. the kind of things or stuff referred to by ethical propositions.
'Axiology' History[edit] Between the 5th and 6th century B.C., it was important in Greece to be knowledgeable if you were to be successful. Philosophers began to recognize that differences existed between the laws and morality of society. Socrates held the belief that knowledge had a vital connection to virtue, making morality and democracy closely intertwined. Socrates' student, Plato furthered the belief by establishing virtues which should be followed by all. Axiological Issues in Communication Studies[edit] Communication theorists seek to contribute to mutual intelligence about the anatomy and operation of human communication. Those who take a conventional scientific approach believe that research must be free of values in order to be valid. See also[edit] References[edit] Jump up ^ Random House Unabridged Dictionary Entry on Axiology.Jump up ^ Lapie, Paul (1902). Further reading[edit] Hartman, Robert S. (1967). External links[edit]
ARTEGUÍAS Datei:VZ250 Baum.jpg Wisdom in few words Throughout last couple of years I’ve been collecting my personal favorite quotations from various inspirational people in my Evernote. As a result I got quite a long list of sayings which I personally consider to be one of the smartest, wittiest, daring and positive at the same time. Moscow, 2008. So, I thought why not to share them with you? “First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.” ~ Mahatma Gandhi“Life isn’t about finding yourself. “Interviews I conducted with more than 70 CEOs and other leaders point to 5 essentials for success — qualities that most of those C.E.O.’s share and look for in people they hire. “Pause now to ask yourself the following question: “Am I dreaming or awake, right now?” “The key to your happiness is to own your slippers, own who you are, own how you look, own your family, own the talents you have, and own the ones you don’t. You might also like:Thoughts, pictures, music
Logic Logic (from the Ancient Greek: λογική, logike)[1] is the branch of philosophy concerned with the use and study of valid reasoning.[2][3] The study of logic also features prominently in mathematics and computer science. Logic is often divided into three parts: inductive reasoning, abductive reasoning, and deductive reasoning. The study of logic[edit] The concept of logical form is central to logic, it being held that the validity of an argument is determined by its logical form, not by its content. Informal logic is the study of natural language arguments. Logical form[edit] Main article: Logical form Logic is generally considered formal when it analyzes and represents the form of any valid argument type. This is called showing the logical form of the argument. Second, certain parts of the sentence must be replaced with schematic letters. That the concept of form is fundamental to logic was already recognized in ancient times. Deductive and inductive reasoning, and abductive inference[edit]
'Existentialism' Existentialism is a term applied to the work of certain late 19th- and 20th-century philosophers who, despite profound doctrinal differences,[1][2][3] shared the belief that philosophical thinking begins with the human subject—not merely the thinking subject, but the acting, feeling, living human individual.[4] In existentialism, the individual's starting point is characterized by what has been called "the existential attitude", or a sense of disorientation and confusion in the face of an apparently meaningless or absurd world.[5] Many existentialists have also regarded traditional systematic or academic philosophies, in both style and content, as too abstract and remote from concrete human experience.[6][7] Definitional issues and background[edit] There has never been general agreement on the definition of existentialism. The term is often seen as an historical convenience as it was first applied to many philosophers in hindsight, long after they had died. Concepts[edit] The Absurd[edit]
El Museo de mañana >> El arte en la edad del silicio Durante tres días Barcelona se ha convertido en el centro neurálgico del debate museístico más candente, reuniendo en el Centro de Cultura Contemporánea de Barcelona (CCCB), co-organizador y sede del evento, el gotha mundial de gestores y desarrolladores de programas y iniciativas digitales para museos. Un tropel de 350 expertos que, en un auditorio lleno hasta la bandera, han desgranado sus proyectos y debatido las tendencias más innovadoras y eficaces para que los museos aprendan a utilizar de forma creativa las herramientas tecnológicas.El evento denominado Museum Next se concluye hoy, pero los debates e intervenciones principales se pueden seguir, en tiempo real, desde el streaming del CCCB. Desde el Victoria & Albert Museum de Londres, Rich Barrett-Small explica cómo están utilizando las tecnologías open source para intentar cumplir las altas expectativas de hoy en día y contar con una información fácilmente disponible y accesible a través de una gran variedad de formatos.
Here's what New York City looked like before “sanitation engineering” As opposed to today, when it's still 100 degrees and humid, but the swamp is mostly piss and vomit. I have been to New Orleans twice and I was left with the distinct impression that the sanitation services of 19th century New York were far superior. You either visited a long time ago or only stayed on Bourbon Street during some big tourist draw, then; most of the time, it's well-kept. Seven days a week, twice a day is the rule for commercial sanitation services in the Quarter, and street sweepers run every morning at a minimum. It's gotten vastly better than it was when I was a kid and the city didn't make it as much of a priority to keep the Quarter pleasant for tourists. Even with all the extra attention, though, it's just a tough place to keep clean when people act in ways they'd never act at home. All I know is that I'm with Cat VonAwesome: I cannot imagine what a festering hell the city must have been a couple of centuries ago. You are correct.