Second-order cybernetics Second-order cybernetics, also known as the cybernetics of cybernetics, investigates the construction of models of cybernetic systems. It investigates cybernetics with awareness that the investigators are part of the system, and of the importance of self-referentiality, self-organizing, the subject–object problem, etc. Investigators of a system can never see how it works by standing outside it because the investigators are always engaged cybernetically with the system being observed; that is, when investigators observe a system, they affect and are affected by it. Overview[edit] The anthropologists Gregory Bateson and Margaret Mead contrasted first and second-order cybernetics with this diagram in an interview in 1973.[1] It emphasizes the requirement for a possibly constructivist participant observer in the second order case: . . . essentially your ecosystem, your organism-plus-environment, is to be considered as a single circuit.[1] See also[edit] Gyroteleostasis References[edit]
Center for Integral Science Holonomic brain theory The holonomic brain theory, developed by neuroscientist Karl Pribram initially in collaboration with physicist David Bohm, is a model of human cognition that describes the brain as a holographic storage network.[1][2] Pribram suggests these processes involve electric oscillations in the brain's fine-fibered dendritic webs, which are different than the more commonly known action potentials involving axons and synapses.[3][4][5] These oscillations are waves and create wave interference patterns in which memory is encoded naturally, in a way that can be described with Fourier Transformation equations.[3][4][5][6][7] Gabor, Pribram and others noted the similarities between these brain processes and the storage of information in a hologram, which also uses Fourier Transformations.[1][8] In a hologram, any part of the hologram with sufficient size contains the whole of the stored information. Origins and development[edit] Theory overview[edit] The hologram and holonomy[edit] Correlograph[edit]
Integral Life by OlliS | Archive for Integral February 6, 2014 Järjestimme 2.2.2014 webinaarin stressin biohakkeroinnista. Ilmoittautuneita webinaarilla oli 1875 henkilöä – Huhhuh! Nöyrin kiitos teille. Biohakkerin Käsikirja Olemme kirjoittamassa Biohakkerin käsikirjaa Teemu Arinan ja Jaakko Halmetojan kanssa. Mihin suuntaan terveydenhoitomme on menossa? Olen pitänyt taukoa kirjoittamisesta ja seuraillut sitäkin kiinnostuneempana muutamien henkilöiden kirjoittelua ravitsemuksesta sekä terveydestä ja erityisesti vastuun ottamisesta omasta terveydestään. Integral Life Practice – Final Research Assignment I wrote this paper last summer/fall, just when finishing (for now) my studies at JFK University from School Of Holistic Sciences, Integral Theory M.A. I AM in everything – and everything is in me (and you) What would be the simplest inquiry of dropping your body-mind, your ordinary ego-based consciousness that says, “I am this and I am that” describing different qualities of your outer being? Upcoming stuff: The Paleo wheel is rolling!
Living systems Some scientists have proposed in the last few decades that a general living systems theory is required to explain the nature of life.[1] Such general theory, arising out of the ecological and biological sciences, attempts to map general principles for how all living systems work. Instead of examining phenomena by attempting to break things down into components, a general living systems theory explores phenomena in terms of dynamic patterns of the relationships of organisms with their environment.[2] Theory[edit] Living systems theory is a general theory about the existence of all living systems, their structure, interaction, behavior and development. Miller said that systems exist at eight "nested" hierarchical levels: cell, organ, organism, group, organization, community, society, and supranational system. The processors of matter–energy are: ingestor, distributor, converter, producer, storage, extruder, motor, supporter The processors of information are All nature is a continuum.
Spiral Dynamics | identity & type Two ways to look at your emotional identity are from the individual perspective—your personal values, and from the collective perspective—your cultural and societal values. Values help define your identity through what you feel. Core personal values are the things you can’t live without. These are the most important things in your life that must be present for you to be happy. The cultural values of your family and societal values of the area you live in also play a role in your identity. What are your core values, and how are they influenced by your environment and the culture you live in? To define your core values, use the Core Values Sheet, and group them based on topic, if desired. Integral theory is a philosophy, developed by Ken Wilber, of classifying everything in life and showing how things are interconnected—“the theory of everything”. Integral theory breaks down everything into four quadrants: I, It, We, and Its. Personal Values – One View (coachstationsteve.com) Like this:
Systems science Impression of systems thinking about society. Systems science is an interdisciplinary field that studies the nature of complex systems in nature, society, and science itself. It aims to develop interdisciplinary foundations that are applicable in a variety of areas, such as engineering, biology, medicine, and social sciences.[1] Systems science covers formal sciences such as complex systems, cybernetics, dynamical systems theory, and systems theory, and applications in the field of the natural and social sciences and engineering, such as control theory, operations research, social systems theory, systems biology, systems dynamics, systems ecology, systems engineering and systems psychology.[2] Theories[edit] Since the emergence of the General Systems Research in the 1950s,[3] systems thinking and systems science have developed into many theoretical frameworks. Systems notes of Henk Bikker, TU Delft, 1991 Systems analysis Systems design System dynamics Systems engineering Systems Methodologies
Theory | Daniel Smith Integral Theory is a philosophy posited by Ken Wilber that seeks a synthesis of the best of pre-modern, modern, and postmodern reality. It claims to be a “theory of everything,” and offers an approach “to draw together an already existing number of separate paradigms into an interrelated network of approaches that are mutually enriching.” It has been applied by scholar-practitioners in 35 distinct academic and professional domains as varied as organizational management, art, and feminism. Integral theory is an all-inclusive framework that draws on the key insights of the world’s greatest knowledge traditions. The awareness gained from drawing on all truths and perspectives allows the Integral thinker to bring new depth, clarity and compassion to every level of human endeavor — from unlocking individual potential to finding new approaches to global-scale problems. AQAL, pronounced “ah-qwul,” is a widely used framework in Integral Theory. Figure 1. All Levels: Depth and Complexity
Systems thinking Impression of systems thinking about society[1] A system is composed of interrelated parts or components (structures) that cooperate in processes (behavior). Natural systems include biological entities, ocean currents, the climate, the solar system and ecosystems. Designed systems include airplanes, software systems, technologies and machines of all kinds, government agencies and business systems. Systems Thinking has at least some roots in the General System Theory that was advanced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy in the 1940s and furthered by Ross Ashby in the 1950s. The term Systems Thinking is sometimes used as a broad catch-all heading for the process of understanding how systems behave, interact with their environment and influence each other. Systems thinking has been applied to problem solving, by viewing "problems" as parts of an overall system, rather than reacting to specific parts, outcomes or events and potentially contributing to further development of unintended consequences.
Holons | Daniel Smith Holism (from holos, a Greek word meaning all, whole, entire, total) , is the idea that natural systems and their properties, should be viewed as wholes, not as collections of parts. This often includes the view that systems somehow function as wholes and that their functioning cannot be fully understood solely in terms of their component parts. Being a South African, I’m proud of the fact that the term holism was coined in 1926 by Jan Smuts, a South African statesman, in his book, Holism and Evolution. Smuts defined holism as “The tendency in nature to form wholes that are greater than the sum of the parts through creative evolution.” Smuts was by no means the only person to think holistically. Definition A holon is a system which is an evolving self-organizing dissipative structure, composed of other holons, whose structures exist at a balance point between chaos and order. Reductionism is sometimes seen as the opposite of holism. Tenets of evolution 1. 2. a. self-preservation (agency) 3.
Complex system This article largely discusses complex systems as a subject of mathematics and the attempts to emulate physical complex systems with emergent properties. For other scientific and professional disciplines addressing complexity in their fields see the complex systems article and references. A complex system is a damped, driven system (for example, a harmonic oscillator) whose total energy exceeds the threshold for it to perform according to classical mechanics but does not reach the threshold for the system to exhibit properties according to chaos theory. History[edit] Although it is arguable that humans have been studying complex systems for thousands of years, the modern scientific study of complex systems is relatively young in comparison to conventional fields of science with simple system assumptions, such as physics and chemistry. Types of complex systems[edit] Chaotic systems[edit] For a dynamical system to be classified as chaotic, it must have the following properties:[2]
Spiral Dynamics | Daniel Smith Spiral Dynamics is a theory of human development introduced in the 1996 book Spiral Dynamics by Don Beck and Chris Cowan. The book was based on the theory of psychology professor Clare W. Graves. “Spiral Dynamics” is a registered trademark of the National Values Center, Inc. Spiral Dynamics argues that human nature is not fixed: humans are able, when forced by life conditions, to adapt to their environment by constructing new, more complex, conceptual models of the world that allow them to handle the new problems. In spiral dynamics, the term vMeme refers to a core value system, acting as an organising principle, which expresses itself through memes(self-propagating ideas, habits, or cultural practices). Within the model, individuals and cultures do not fall clearly in any single category (colour). Colours: Beige (Instinctive/Survivalistic meme) Purple (Magical /Animistic meme) Starting 50 000years ago Red (Impulsive/Egocentric meme) starting 10 000 years ago
System dynamics Dynamic stock and flow diagram of model New product adoption (model from article by John Sterman 2001) System dynamics is an approach to understanding the behaviour of complex systems over time. It deals with internal feedback loops and time delays that affect the behaviour of the entire system.[1] What makes using system dynamics different from other approaches to studying complex systems is the use of feedback loops and stocks and flows. These elements help describe how even seemingly simple systems display baffling nonlinearity. Overview[edit] System dynamics (SD) is a methodology and mathematical modeling technique for framing, understanding, and discussing complex issues and problems. Convenient GUI system dynamics software developed into user friendly versions by the 1990s and have been applied to diverse systems. System dynamics is an aspect of systems theory as a method for understanding the dynamic behavior of complex systems. History[edit] Topics in systems dynamics[edit]
Autopoiesis 3D representation of a living cell during the process of mitosis, example of an autopoietic system. The original definition can be found in Autopoiesis and Cognition: the Realization of the Living (1st edition 1973, 2nd 1980): Page 78: - An autopoietic machine is a machine organized (defined as a unity) as a network of processes of production (transformation and destruction) of components which: (i) through their interactions and transformations continuously regenerate and realize the network of processes (relations) that produced them; and (ii) constitute it (the machine) as a concrete unity in space in which they (the components) exist by specifying the topological domain of its realization as such a network. [1] Page 89:- [...] the space defined by an autopoietic system is self-contained and cannot be described by using dimensions that define another space. Meaning[edit] Criticism[edit] See also[edit] Notes and references[edit] Further reading[edit] External links[edit]