Ireland Ireland (locally: /ˈɑːrlənd/; RP: /ˈaɪələnd/; GA: i/ˈaɪərlənd/; Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ( Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remaining area and is located in the north-east of the island. The population of Ireland is about 6.4 million. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just over 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.[7] The island's geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. Prehistoric Ireland saw the arrival of humans after 8000 BC. Irish culture has had a significant influence on other cultures, especially in the fields of literature and, to a lesser degree, science and education. History Prehistoric Ireland During the last glacial period, and up until about 9000 years ago, most of Ireland was covered with ice. Emergence of Celtic Ireland
Spain Spain ( i/ˈspeɪn/; Spanish: España [esˈpaɲa] ( )), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España),[c][7] is a sovereign state and a member state of the European Union. Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco, plus Alborán, Chafarinas Islands, Alhucemas, Vélez de la Gomera and other small islets including Perejil. Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian peninsula around 35,000 years ago. Etymology Treasure of Villena, a Bronze Age treasure hoard. The origins of the Roman name Hispania, from which the modern name España was derived, are uncertain and are possibly unknown due to the inadequate evidence. The Renaissance scholar Antonio de Nebrija proposed that the word Hispania evolved from the Iberian word Hispalis, meaning "city of the western world". History Prehistory and pre-Roman peoples
Belgium Belgium ( i/ˈbɛldʒəm/; Dutch: België; French: Belgique; German: Belgien), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal monarchy in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters as well as those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.[nb 1] Belgium covers an area of 30,528 square kilometres (11,787 sq mi) and has a population of about 11 million people. Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups: the Dutch-speaking, mostly Flemish community, which constitutes about 59% of the population, and the French-speaking, mostly Walloon population and Brussels inhabitants, which comprises 41% of all Belgians. Belgium's two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia. History[edit] Politics[edit] Political culture[edit]
Poland Poland i/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi),[7] making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Two decades later, in September 1939, World War II started with the invasions of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (as part of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact). Etymology The origin of the name Polanie itself is uncertain. History Prehistory Historians have postulated that throughout Late Antiquity, many distinct ethnic groups populated the regions of what is now known as Poland. Piast dynasty Mieszko II Lambert (ca. 990–1034) King of Poland and Duchess Matilda of Swabia. Jagiellon dynasty
Romania Romania ( i/roʊˈmeɪniə/ roh-MAY-nee-ə; Romanian: România [romɨˈni.a] ( )), formerly also spelled Roumania[8][9] and Rumania,[10][11] is a country located at the crossroads of Southeastern and Central Europe, on the Lower Danube, north of the Balkan Peninsula and the western shore of the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and Moldova to the northeast and east, and Bulgaria to the south. At 238,391 square kilometres (92,043 sq mi), Romania is the ninth largest country of the European Union by area, and has the 7th largest population of the European Union with 20,121,641 people (October 2011). Its capital and largest city is Bucharest – the 6th largest city in the EU. With the fall of the Iron Curtain, Romania began its transition towards democracy and a capitalist market economy. Etymology[edit] The use of the name Romania to refer to the common homeland of all Romanians—its modern-day meaning—is first documented in the early 19th century.
Germany Germany ( i/ˈdʒɜrməni/; German: Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant]),[7] is a federal parliamentary republic in western-central Europe. It consists of 16 constituent states, which retain limited sovereignty, and covers an area of 357,021 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi) with a largely temperate seasonal climate. Its capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany is a major economic and political power and traditionally a leader in many cultural, theoretical and technical fields. §Etymology §History §Prehistory §Germanic tribes and Frankish Empire Second- to fifth-century migrations in Europe In the 3rd century a number of large West Germanic tribes emerged: Alemanni, Franks, Chatti, Saxons, Frisii, Sicambri, and Thuringii. §Holy Roman Empire Martin Luther publicised The Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 in Wittenberg, challenging the Roman Catholic Church and initiating the Protestant Reformation.
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,[nb 6] commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain /ˈbrɪ.tən/, is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain (a term sometimes also loosely applied to the whole state), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another state: the Republic of Ireland. The UK's form of government is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system,[9][10] and its capital city is London.[11] The current British monarch—since 6 February 1952—is Queen Elizabeth II. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946. Etymology and terminology The term Britain is often used as synonym for the United Kingdom. The adjective British is commonly used to refer to matters relating to the United Kingdom.
Universitat Politècnica de València The Faculty of Power Engineering The Faculty of Power Engineering is one of the elite schools of the Romanian higher education. It was the first academic institution in the power engineering field in our country when it was set up in 1950. It is well-known for its professionalism and high academic and quality standards. The Faculty of Power Engineering offers undergraduate, master and Ph.D. programmes in accordance with the European system of transferable credits. The students of the Faculty of Power Engineering can be educated in all fields of Power Engineering, acquiring competences in the field of design, development, operation, maintenance, management and planning of the activity in the classical power stations (thermo, hydro, nuclear power stations), in the power plants based on renewable sources of energy (photoelectric, wind, small hydroelectric power plants, wave power plants), and in the energy distribution and transport systems, respectively. Telephone: Fax: + 4 021-318 10 15 Website:
IMST NEN Overview Carol Daniels Monday 4 February 2013 by National Enterprise Network Following on from Mike Stanley’s visit to Northern Ireland in November we have joined in partnership with a consortium of European business support organisations, universities and innovation specialists to develop resources aimed specifically at improving the innovation performance of small businesses. Consortium members are from Northern Ireland, Ireland, Belgium, France, Spain and Romania. It is anticipated that Innovative Trainer (IT) will increase the capacity of Business Trainers and Mentors to support SMEs throughout Europe by developing a “Train the Trainer” blended learning training resource on innovation. The project is for two years and the objective is to identify the training needs of Business Trainers and Mentors with respect to innovation. The next stage for us is, to ask Members to take part in a questionnaire on Innovation which covers:
IRDG (Industry Research & Development Group) - IRDG is a non-profit, business-led Innovation Network of member companies, working together to drive excellence in Innovation within Ireland’s industry to create growth, jobs and prosperity.