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Back to Basics: Preventing Piston Problems - Engine Builder Magazine Burned pistons. Scuffed pistons. Cracked pistons. First and foremost, if you’re custom building an engine that has already suffered some kind of piston failure, it should tell you there’s an underlying problem that needs to be diagnosed and corrected; otherwise the replacement engine may suffer the same fate. Piston problems you’re likely to encounter include: Detonation DamageWhen combustion temperatures and pressures exceed the octane rating of the gasoline that’s being used in an engine, it causes the fuel to ignite spontaneously. Replacing the damaged pistons will temporarily solve the engine’s mechanical problems. Possible causes include over-advanced spark timing, an inoperative EGR valve or plugged EGR port, engine cooling problems, too much compression (carbon build-up, milled heads, wrong heads, high compression pistons) and low octane fuel. Preignition DamageA burned piston is a piston that has been subjected to excessively high combustion temperatures. Ring Land Pound Out

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