Cafe Hayek — where orders emerge Everything is a Remix Part 4: System Failure by Maria Popova A brief history of intellectual property, or why 1790 was more culturally progressive than 2012. For the past year, Kirby Ferguson has been tracing the history and evolution of remix culture in his fantastic ongoing series Everything Is A Remix, with each episode tackling a different facet of collaborative creation. This week, the fourth and last part of the series, titled System Failure, finally makes its timely debut in the aftermath of SOPA and the peak of the ACTA debates. Our system of law doesn’t acknowledge the derivative nature of creativity. Instead, ideas are regarded as property, as unique and original lots with distinct boundaries. The closing lines capture the urgency of the issue with remarkable eloquence: We live in an age with daunting problems. (As an evangelist of combinatorial creativity, Part 3 remains my favorite — do check it out.) Brain Pickings has a free weekly newsletter and people say it’s cool. Share on Tumblr
Distributed economy Distributed economies (DE) is a term that was coined by Allan Johansson et al. in 2005.[1] Definition[edit] There is no official definition for DE, but it could be described as a regional approach to promote innovation by small and medium sized enterprises, as well as sustainable development. The concept is illustrated in the figure below, that shows centralised, decentralised and distributed economies respectively. Different types of economies Features[edit] The relations in DE are much more complex than those in a centralised economy. Not all industries are fit for DE; for example, many chemical processes only become economically feasible & efficient on a large scale. External links[edit] See also[edit] References[edit] Jump up ^ Johansson A, Kisch P, Mirata M., 2005, Distributed economies - A new engine for innovation.
Full Spectrum Reading List: 7 Great Books by TED 2012 Speakers by Maria Popova Anatomy of introversion, inside the brain’s optimism bias, and a blueprint for doomsday from PC Guy. TED time is once again upon us, with this year’s conference, themed Full Spectrum, a mere week away. In preparation, and true to the Brain Pickings pre-TED tradition, here are seven exceptional books by some of this year’s TED speakers, spanning everything from psychology to children’s books to satire — a full spectrum, indeed. (Catch up on reading lists from years past: TEDGlobal 2010, TED 2011 Part 1 and Part 2, TEDGlobal 2011 Part 1 and Part 2.) The question of what makes us happy is likely as old as human cognition itself and has occupied the minds of philosophers, prophets, and scientists for millennia. Underpinning the narrative is a fascinating and dimensional lens on the constant interplay of reason and emotion, intuition and rationality. Human rationality depends critically on sophisticated emotionality. Share on Tumblr
The Problem of Economic Calculation - Ludwig von Mises Since recent events helped socialist parties to obtain power in Russia, Hungary, Germany and Austria, and have thus made the execution of a socialist nationalization program a topical issue, Marxist writers have themselves begun to deal more closely with the problems of the regulation of the socialist commonwealth. But even now they still cautiously avoid the crucial question, leaving it to be tackled by the despised "Utopians." They themselves prefer to confine their attention to what is to be done in the immediate future; they are forever drawing up programs of the path to Socialism and not of Socialism itself. To Otto Bauer the nationalization of the banks appears the final and decisive step in the carrying through of the socialist nationalization program. the supreme economic authority, the chief administrative organ of the whole economy. All other writers who have grappled with the problems of the organization of the socialist commonwealth are guilty of similar confusions. Notes
Sci-Fi Lists - Top Science Fiction Ecological Economics : A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services SPECIAL ISSUE: The Dynamics and Value of Ecosystem Services: Integrating Economic and Ecological Perspectives a International Center for Integrative Studies (ICIS), Maastricht University and Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 616, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlandsb Center for Environmental Studies, Institute for Ecological Economics, University of Maryland, USA Available online 9 May 2002 Choose an option to locate/access this article: Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Check access Show more Show less Get rights and content Abstract An increasing amount of information is being collected on the ecological and socio-economic value of goods and services provided by natural and semi-natural ecosystems. Keywords Classification of ecosystem functions; Typology of goods and services; Ecological and socio-economic valuation Copyright © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V.
Ces enfants à « haut potentiel » - Maria Pereira-Fradin, article Psychologie Qu'ils soient musiciens prodiges, petits génies des mathématiques ou écrivains en herbe..., les enfants dits à haut potentiel manifestent souvent une précocité dans un domaine très spécifique. Leur étude apporte du crédit à l'idée d'une multiplicité des formes d'intelligence. On les a appelés « génies », « surdoués », puis « enfants précoces ». Aujourd'hui, on préfère parler « d'enfants à haut potentiel ». Depuis plus d'un siècle, ils ont fait l'objet de très nombreuses recherches. Dans le sillage de F. Les résultats de cette étude ont été beaucoup commentés et critiqués. Depuis la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, la définition de l'intelligence a bien évolué. Les huit formes d'intelligence Ces enfants, atteints d'autisme ou du syndrome de William, ont en général un déficit intellectuel associé à des dons extraordinaires dans un domaine spécialisé. Pour H. La théorie de l'intelligence développée par R. En résumé, R. On n'est pas surdoué dans tous les domaines Maria Pereira-Fradin
Khan Academy J'ai vu tous les films de Steven Spielberg... et je n'aurais peut-être pas dû Retrouvez notre classement des vingt-six films de Steven Spielberg publicité Steven Spielberg a toujours entretenu une relation étonnamment houleuse avec l’Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Le chapelet de ses premiers classiques (Rencontres du troisième type, Les Aventuriers de l'arche perdue, E.T.) lui a valu des nominations pour l’Oscar du meilleur réalisateur sans jamais lui en faire remporter aucun. Certes, La Liste de Schindler, qui lui a rapporté moult récompenses dans la catégorie meilleur film et meilleur réalisateur (Oscars, Bafta, Golden Globes, Césars...), peut avoir des airs d’apothéose, mais près de vingt ans plus tard, il fait plutôt figure d’exception. Mais il n’a pas été nominé dans la catégorie meilleur réalisateur, comme la plupart des fois où Spielberg a tenté de forcer le respect de l’Académie, avec L'Empire du soleil, Amistad, A.I. Il a réalisé deux des dix plus gros succès de tous les temps, et quatre des vingt premiers. Machine à faire des films