Top 10 Moral Dilemmas

La philosophie morale De l'importance de la philosophie morale en philosophie La Philosophie morale est une des branches majeures de la philosophie. La philosophie morale a trait à la philosophie pratique, alors que la métaphysique se rapporte à la philosophie théorique. La morale parle donc de l'action (et répond aux questions telles que “existe-t-il des guerres justes ? La philosophie morale tente ultimement de répondre à la question suivante posée par Kant dans la Critique de la raison pratique : Que dois-je faire ? L'obligation morale “Je dois dire la vérité”, “tu ne tueras point” : l'exigence morale se présente à la conscience sous la forme impérative du devoir. Mais cela suffit-il à rendre compte de l'exigence éthique ? Les grandes orientations de la morale L'habitude de définir l'exigence éthique par le devoir (déon, en grec), c'est-à-dire par l'obéissance à une loi, caractérise la philosophie moderne. La volonté et les actes En résumé Philosophie morale ou Philosophie éthique ? L'origine de la morale :

Some Moral Dilemmas The Trolley Problem, not in Grassian. Suggested by Philippa Foot (1920-2010), daughter of Esther, the daughter of President Grover Cleveland, but of British birth because of her father, William Sidney Bence Bosanquet. A trolley is running out of control down a track. This is a classic "right vs. good" dilemma. The Costly Underwater Tunnel Compare: 112 men were killed during the construction of Hoover Dam on the Nevada-Arizona border (the "official" number was 98, but others had died from causes more difficult to identify -- or easier to ignore -- like by carbon monoxide poisoning): The first to die was a surveyor, J.G. with a return to a completely unfamiliar Earth, against what seems to be genuine love for Preston, with a life in what actually are rather comfortable circumstances in the spaceship.

The Brain on Trial On the steamy first day of August 1966, Charles Whitman took an elevator to the top floor of the University of Texas Tower in Austin. The 25-year-old climbed the stairs to the observation deck, lugging with him a footlocker full of guns and ammunition. At the top, he killed a receptionist with the butt of his rifle. The evening before, Whitman had sat at his typewriter and composed a suicide note: I don’t really understand myself these days. By the time the police shot him dead, Whitman had killed 13 people and wounded 32 more. It was after much thought that I decided to kill my wife, Kathy, tonight … I love her dearly, and she has been as fine a wife to me as any man could ever hope to have. Along with the shock of the murders lay another, more hidden, surprise: the juxtaposition of his aberrant actions with his unremarkable personal life. For that matter, so did Whitman. Stories like Whitman’s are not uncommon: legal cases involving brain damage crop up increasingly often.

Philosophie morale Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. La philosophie morale est, au sens strict et contemporain, la branche de la philosophie et plus précisément de la philosophie pratique qui a pour objet les questions éthiques. Il faut la distinguer de l'éthique qui n'est pas une discipline spécifiquement philosophique mais relève également de l'éthique appliquée et théologique. §Histoire de la philosophie morale[modifier | modifier le code] Même si le terme philosophie morale n'apparaît qu'à partir d'Aristote dans l'Éthique à Nicomaque, les questions éthiques ont été au centre de la philosophie depuis les présocratiques. §Problèmes fondamentaux de la philosophie morale[modifier | modifier le code] La philosophie morale porte principalement sur la finalité de l'action et cherche à résoudre les questions qui peuvent se poser dans la délibération et la prise de décision : Que dois-je faire ? §Les conceptions fondamentales de la philosophie morale[modifier | modifier le code] Dilemme cornélien

Moral Dilemmas 1. Examples In Book I of Plato’s Republic, Cephalus defines ‘justice’ as speaking the truth and paying one’s debts. Socrates quickly refutes this account by suggesting that it would be wrong to repay certain debts—for example, to return a borrowed weapon to a friend who is not in his right mind. Nearly twenty-four centuries later, Jean-Paul Sartre described a moral conflict the resolution of which was, to many, less obvious than the resolution to the Platonic conflict. While the examples from Plato and Sartre are the ones most commonly cited, there are many others. 2. What is common to the two well-known cases is conflict. The Platonic case strikes many as too easy to be characterized as a genuine moral dilemma. 3. It is less obvious in Sartre’s case that one of the requirements overrides the other. Ethicists as diverse as Kant (1971/1797), Mill (1979/1861), and Ross (1930, 1939) have assumed that an adequate moral theory should not allow for the possibility of genuine moral dilemmas.

Why humans are cruel Why are human beings so cruel to each other? And how do we justify acts of sheer inhumanity? The conventional explanation is that people are able to do terrible things to other people only after having dehumanized them. In the case of the Holocaust, for example, Germans were willing to exterminate millions of Jews in part because Nazi ideology taught them to think of Jews as subhuman, as objects without the right to freedom, dignity, or even life itself. Paul Bloom, a psychology professor at Yale, thinks this explanation of human cruelty is, at best, incomplete. A lightly edited transcript of our conversation follows. Sean Illing Can you sum up your argument about the roots of human cruelty? Paul Bloom A lot of people blame cruelty on dehumanization. But the argument I make in my New Yorker article is that it’s incomplete. We see other people as blameworthy, as morally responsible, as themselves cruel, as not giving us what we deserve, as taking more than they deserve. Paul Bloom

Philosophie morale : auteurs et problématiques Liberté, devoir, bonheur... Retrouvez les principaux auteurs et ouvrages concernant ce domaine de la philosophie, ainsi que les principales problématiques rencontrées. Définition La philosophie morale est l’une des branches traditionnelles de la philosophie. On peut définir la philosophie morale comme cette discipline qui cherche à répondre à la question : que dois-je faire ? Souvent on utilise éthique et morale comme deux synonymes, ayant un seul et même sens ; néanmoins, certains auteurs les différencient : l’éthique chercherait à identifier les principes à suivre pour atteindre le bonheur, la morale les règles à suivre pour faire son devoir. Bibliographie : pour commencer Voici les principaux ouvrages à lire si vous commencez à vous intéresser à ce domaine de la philosophie : L'Ethique à Nicomaque Quel est le souverain bien, le bien suprême ? Voir le résumé Les Pensées pour moi-même Voir le résumé L'Ethique Voir le résumé Le Crépuscule des Idoles Voir le résumé Pour aller plus loin Contribution Etc

6 Historical Heroes Who Did Awful Things Nobody Talks About W.E.B. Du Bois Was Friendly To The Nazis (For A While) C. M. W.E.B. But Everyone Forgets ... A bizarre, five-month-long trip to Nazi Germany in 1936 that was funded by a Nazi on the condition that Du Bois not criticize their treatment of Jews, which should probably have been a red flag. Hulton Archive/Hulton Archive/Getty Images"Troubling red flag" was likely a pretty consistent theme of that trip. When Du Bois returned to the United States, he wrote that the German's hatred of the Jews "is a reasoned prejudice, or an economic fear." As a black man touring the goddamn Third Reich, Du Bois was pleased to be able to report that he experienced no racial discrimination. Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty ImagesHe stopped short of tongue-kissing Eva Braun, but not by much. As for what he truly believed, he did probably hold some anti-Semitic views, and was especially frustrated that the Jews in Germany were not particularly vocal about the mistreatment of African-Americans.

What is consciousness? A civil servant missing most of his brain challenges our most basic theories In 2017, the world saw a China more eager to take its place as a global leader, with president Xi Jinping heralding the importance of a globalized world at Davos, just ahead of Donald Trump’s “America First” inauguration in January, and portraying China as being on the frontlines in fighting climate change. But despite the pride felt by many at China’s stature in the world, at home, there was also uneasiness over the future. The list of things to worry about includes the ability of China’s economy to stay strong even as it piles up debt, increasing inequality, and the cost of life (in particular, children’s education). The internet memes that circulated this year reflected many of the anxieties (and some of the pride) China has been feeling. Incredible, my country In 2016, China’s internet users created the meme “Incredible, my brother” to express their admiration for someone amazing. Don’t bow, GDP will fall Thermos Some joked that even youngsters were behaving middle-aged.

Judith Butler: qu'est-ce qu'une vie bonne? Qu’est-ce qu’une vie bonne ? est le texte du discours que Judith Butler a prononcé en 2012, en Allemagne, lorsque lui a été remis le prix Adorno. Ce texte de circonstance examine pourtant une question qui concerne des problèmes et enjeux centraux dans son œuvre : « comment mener une vie bonne dans une vie mauvaise » ? Pour Butler, qui rencontre cette question chez Adorno, il s’agit moins de répondre ou de rappeler des réponses apportées par d’autres philosophes que de faire émerger ses conditions et son sens actuels. Il n’est pas répondu ici à cette question car personne ne peut dire à la place des autres comment mener une vie pour qu’elle soit bonne : « comment pouvons-nous penser à une vie vivable sans poser un idéal unique ou uniforme » ? Le but n’est pas de parler et penser à la place des autres, mais de faire émerger des conditions rendant chacun capable de se poser cette question et d’y répondre pour lui-même. La question « comment mener une vie bonne dans une vie mauvaise ?