Prehistory Prehistory (meaning "before history", or "before knowledge acquired by investigation", from the Latin word for "before," præ, and historia) is the span of time before recorded history or the invention of writing systems. Prehistory refers to the period of human existence before the availability of those written records with which recorded history begins.[1] More broadly, it can refer to all the time preceding human existence and the invention of writing. The notion of "prehistory" began to surface during the Enlightenment in the work of antiquarians who used the word 'primitive' to describe societies that existed before written records.[2] The first use of the word prehistory in English, however, occurred in the Foreign Quarterly Review in 1836.[3] The occurrence of written materials (and so the beginning of local "historic times") varies generally to cultures classified within either the late Bronze Age or within the Iron Age. Definition[edit] Stone Age[edit] Paleolithic[edit] uninhabited
EVOLUCIJA I DIVERZITET ŽIVOTA | ARHE Eseji iz dela Ernsta Majera Arhe VI, 11/2009 Prevod / Translation Da je evolucija činjenica i da zapanjujući diverzitet životinja i biljki evoluira postepeno, bilo je sveopšte prihvaćeno ubrzo nakon 1859. godine. Ali pitanje kako se ova evolucija odvijala, naročito pitanje prirode njene pokretačke sile, jeste izvor kontroverzi od samog početka. Među stručnjacima je dostignuta skoro potpuna saglasnost u poslednjim decenijama. Kako savremeni biolozi vide proces evolucije? Darvinovo objašnjenje evolucije, u tom smislu, jeste dualistčko. Genotip je totalitet genetičkog nasleđa koje indivudua dobija od roditelja u začeću (formiranju zigota). Ali zašto je ovaj dualitet genotipa i fenotipa toliko važan za evolucioniste? Neću dalje govoriti o vrlo interesantnim posledicama embrionalnog razvića koje proizilaze iz ovog funkcionalnog razdvajanja DNK i proteina. Druga posledica je jednako važna. Darvinizam ima dobro definisanu bazu, razumevanje koje je preduslov razumevanja evolucionih procesa.
Female baboons with male companions live longer -- ScienceDaily Numerous studies have linked social interaction to improved health and survival in humans, and new research confirms that the same is true for baboons. A long-term study of more than 200 wild female baboons from the plains of southern Kenya finds that the most sociable females -- measured by how often they engaged in social grooming relative to their peers -- live two to three years longer than their socially isolated counterparts. Socializing with males gave females an even bigger longevity boost than socializing with other females, the researchers found. A handful of previous studies in baboons, rats and dolphins suggested that same-sex friendships can improve animal health and survival, but this is one of the first studies to show that opposite-sex friendships in animals can have similar effects, said co-author Elizabeth Archie of the University of Notre Dame. "Grooming is the baboon equivalent of gossip, or having a good conversation over a cup of coffee," Alberts said.
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Geology Entrance You might wish to start in the Cenozoic Era (65 million years ago to the present) and work back through time, or start with Hadean time (4.5 to 3.8 billion years ago) and journey forward to the present day. No matter "when" you start, don't forget to stop along the way to learn about the stratigraphy, ancient life, fossil localities, and tectonics of the various time periods. Here are three links that can help to speed your journey: 1) Get helpful hints on navigating the Geology Wing. 2) Read about the history of the geologic time scale, and find out more about how it is organized. 3) Jump to a specific time period using the UCMP Geological Time Machine. Last but not least, don't forget to visit our exhibit on Plate tectonics, an important geological concept in any time period!
RAZVOJ EVOLUCIONE MISLI | ARHE Arhe VI, 11/2009 Originalni naučni rad / Original Scientific Paper Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Novi Sad : Teorija evolucije najvažnija je teorija u biologiji, jedinstvena u kombinaciji univerzalnih principa i primenljivosti. Poznata krilatica Teodosijusa Dobžanskog, jednog od vodećih evolucionih biologa XX veka, da „u biologiji ništa nema smisla osim onog u svetlu evolucije“ naglašava ključno mesto evolucije u modernoj biologiji. : Darvinova teorija evolucije, evoluciona ideja, Sintetička teorija evolucije Evoluciona biologija je integrativna biološka nauka koja se bazira na evolucionim činjenicama (dokumentovanim i potvrđenim podacima) i na Sintetičkoj ili Modernoj teoriji evolucije. Evoluciona istraživanja su zastupljena u svim biološkim oblastima – od ekologije, paleontologije, sistematike, do molekularne biologije i razvojne biologije. Evolucija (evolution – razvoj, razviće) se može definisati kao promena, promene u obliku i ponašanju organizama između generacija (Ridley, 2004).
Magnetic poles may once have been at equator - environment - 12 April ... DID the Earth's magnetic poles once lie near the equator? That could explain puzzling changes in the magnetism of rocks millions of years ago. The Earth's magnetic poles are aligned along roughly the same axis as its rotational poles. Geologists have assumed this was also true in the past, so they use volcanic rocks, which when they formed took on an imprint of the direction and strength of the Earth's magnetic field, to infer the rocks' original latitude and to trace continental motions over the past billion years. But doing this for rocks in North America and eastern Europe is turning up a conundrum. That would imply that the ancient continents sped across the surface at ...
Geologic time scale Online exhibits Geologic time scale Take a journey back through the history of the Earth — jump to a specific time period using the time scale below and examine ancient life, climates, and geography. You might wish to start in the Cenozoic Era (65.5 million years ago to the present) and work back through time, or start with Hadean time (4.6 to 4 billion years ago)* and journey forward to the present day — it's your choice. Ways to begin your exploration: Use the links in the "time machine" below and explore a specific period that interests you.Read more about the geologic time scale, its origins and its time divisions.Find out more about plate tectonics, an important geological concept in any time period!
Homo erectus - H. erectus is a well known hominid IntroductionThroughout the early years of paleoanthropology, there were only two different species that were attributed to the genus Homo. These included the Neanderthals, and Homo erectus. In the early 1960s, this began to change, and human ancestry seemed to be populated by many different players. Accordingly, erectus is one of the better-known members of genus Homo, especially in terms of its well-established place in paleoanthropology. Some (e.g., M. The species was named by Eugène Dubois (it was originally designated as Pithecanthropus erectus) in 1894, after his 1891 find from Trinil, Java, in Indonesia (Trinil 2). The material was later associated with the Chinese material from Zhoukoudian, and renamed Homo erectus. Diagnostic Features The dates for erectus have become earlier and earlier, while habilis remains have been found in later and later deposits, making a lineage involving habilis ancestral to erectus increasingly unlikely. Bibliography Bräuer, G., and E.
Geologic time scale The geologic time scale (GTS) is a system of chronological measurement that relates stratigraphy to time, and is used by geologists, paleontologists, and other earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships between events that have occurred throughout Earth's history. The table of geologic time spans presented here agrees with the nomenclature, dates and standard color codes set forth by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. Evidence from radiometric dating indicates that the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The geology or deep time of Earth's past has been organized into various units according to events which took place in each period. Different spans of time on the GTS are usually delimited by changes in the composition of strata which correspond to them, indicating major geological or paleontological events, such as mass extinctions. Terminology[edit] History and nomenclature of the time scale[edit] Graphical representation of Earth's history as a spiral
Biologija.com.hr - Vijesti - Biologija - Evolucija vidljiva tijekom samo jedne generacije Idući puta kada se nađete u prirodi dobro se osvrnite oko sebe. Ne samo da uživate u aktivnostima izvan kuće već vjerojatno svjedočite i evoluciji koja vam se odvija pred očima. Novo istraživanje objavljeno u časopisu Science početkom ovog mjeseca, a koje se bavi utjecajem kukaca na populacije biljaka, pokazalo je da se evolucija može dogoditi puno brže nego što se prije pretpostavljalo, čak tijekom samo jedne generacije. Znanstvenici sa Sveučilišta u Torontu, zajedno a suradnicima, izveli su eksperiment koristeći dvogodišnju pupoljku (Oenothera biennis), tipičnu samooprašivajuću biljku koja producira genetički identične potomke. Biljke su posadili na dva polja od kojih je svako u početku sadržavalo 60 biljaka sa 18 različitih genotipova (biljke koje sadrže različite setove mutacija). >>> Istraživanja na algama mijenjaju poznatu evoluciju biljaka Rezultati pokazuju da bi evolucija mogla biti važan mehanizam koji uzrokuje promjene u cijelom ekosustavu. Izvor: e!
History of the Earth The history of the Earth concerns the development of the planet Earth from its formation to the present day.[1][2] Nearly all branches of natural science have contributed to the understanding of the main events of the Earth's past. The age of Earth is approximately one-third of the age of the universe. An immense amount of biological and geological change has occurred in that time span. The first life forms appeared between 3.8 and 3.5 billion years ago. Geological change has been constantly occurring on our planet since the time of its formation and biological change since the first appearance of life. Geological time, condensed in a diagram displaying the relative lengths of the eons of Earth's history Geologic time scale[edit] The history of the Earth is organized chronologically in a table known as the geologic time scale, which is split into intervals based on stratigraphic analysis.[2][6] A full-time scale can be found at the main article. Millions of Years Formation of the Moon[edit]
Top 10 Signs Of Evolution In Modern Man Humans Through history, as natural selection played its part in the development of modern man, many of the useful functions and parts of the human body become unnecessary. What is most fascinating is that many of these parts of the body still remain in some form so we can see the progress of evolution. This list covers the ten most significant evolutionary changes that have taken place – leaving signs behind them. Goose Bumps Cutis Anserina Humans get goose bumps when they are cold, frightened, angry, or in awe. Jacobson’s Organ Vomeronasal organ Jacobson’s organ is a fascinating part of animal anatomy and it tells us a lot about our own sexual history. Junk DNA L-gulonolactone oxidase While many of the hangovers from our “devolved” past are visible or physical, this is not true for all. Extra Ear Muscles Auriculares muscles Early humans ate a lot of plants – and they needed to eat them quickly enough that they could eat a sufficient amount in one day to get all of the nutrients they needed.