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Architecture

Architecture
Brunelleschi, in the building of the dome of Florence Cathedral in the early 15th-century, not only transformed the building and the city, but also the role and status of the architect.[1][2] Architecture (Latin architectura, after the Greek ἀρχιτέκτων – arkhitekton – from ἀρχι- "chief" and τέκτων "builder, carpenter, mason") is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements. "Architecture" can mean: Architecture has to do with planning, designing and constructing form, space and ambience to reflect functional, technical, social, environmental and aesthetic considerations. The word "architecture" has also been adopted to describe other designed systems, especially in information technology.[3] History[edit]

BUILDING YOUR SHIPPING CONTAINER HOME. | Residential Shipping Container Primer (RSCP™) Action It. Building a house is no small feet. Even a small one. There are thousands of materials, pieces, and tasks involved. I. Finish construction documents for your shipping container home and submit to building authority for permitting. Submit construction documents to factory for pricing and engineering of container modules. Clarifications to building authority and factory as required . Get required permits from building authority. Submittal of construction documents to general and sub contractors. Execute purchase order of container modules from factory. II. Site Work Begin grading work including any required excavation for foundation, utilities, storm water management, and septic.Bring required utilities to site.Install septic system and any storm water management system if required. Foundation The foundation shown below is a typical slab on grade application for a 1000sf (three 40' containers) shipping container home design. Container Modifications Install fixtures. III. Conceive It.

Ceramic art Etruscan: Diomedes and Polyxena, from the Etruscan amphora of the Pontic group, ca. 540–530 BC. From Vulci. The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay. There is a long history of ceramic art in almost all developed cultures, and often ceramic objects are all the artistic evidence left from vanished cultures, like that of the Nok in Africa over 2,000 years ago. Elements of ceramic art, upon which different degrees of emphasis have been placed at different times, are the shape of the object, its decoration by painting, carving and other methods, and the glazing found on most ceramics. Prehistoric pottery[edit] Early pots were made by what is known as the "coiling" method, which worked the clay into a long string that wound to form a shape that later made smooth walls. Ceramics as wall decoration[edit] East Asia[edit] China[edit] Chinese Longquan celadon, Song Dynasty, 13th century.

proposal for L'Oreal Products Company in Stockholm, Sweden. Developer : L’Oreal products company Area(sq.m) : 100 X 6 floors Designer : IAMZ Design Studio Website : www.iamz.org Architect : Ahmed Elseyofi Website : www.seyofi.info Technical Supervision : Dilman Majid Project Description The L’Oreal Group is the world's largest cosmetics and Beauty Company. Concept : of the shape , but we try to show the idea through the lines and holes on the elevations taken from water's shapes , which reflect the spirit of the natural beauty of the company products, which makes the customer more beautiful and freshness. Collage The term collage was coined by both Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso in the beginning of the 20th century when collage became a distinctive part of modern art.[2] History[edit] Early precedents[edit] Techniques of collage were first used at the time of the invention of paper in China, around 200 BC. The use of collage, however, wasn't used by many people until the 10th century in Japan, when calligraphers began to apply glued paper, using texts on surfaces, when writing their poems.[3] The technique of collage appeared in medieval Europe during the 13th century. Collage and modernism[edit] Hannah Höch, Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany, 1919, collage of pasted papers, 90x144 cm, Staatliche Museum, Berlin. Despite the pre-twentieth-century use of collage-like application techniques, some art authorities argue that collage, properly speaking, did not emerge until after 1900, in conjunction with the early stages of modernism.

Architecture for Humanity Glass art Glass art is usually understood to refer to large modern works of art, typically one-off creations, which are substantially or wholly made in glass. It is distinguished from "art glass" and "studio glass" which are typically smaller and often made in editions of many identical pieces, but the boundaries are not clear-cut. Glass art is more likely to be exhibited in public spaces rather than in homes. Glass panels[edit] Glass sculpture[edit] Statuesque or monumental one-off glass sculptures, such as those by Livio Seguso and the partnership of Stanislav Libenský and Jaroslava Brychtová come under "Glass art". Smaller glass sculptures, produced in limited numbers, such as the Lampwork figures of Stanislav Brychta are examples of Art glass. Knitted Glass[edit] Glass Fashion[edit] Or Haute Glass Couture refers to the creation of exclusive custom-fitted clothing made from sculpted glass. See also[edit] References[edit]

Social Spaces: Lessons from Radical Architects Metalworking Machining a bar of metal on a lathe Metalworking is the process of working with metals to create individual parts, assemblies, or large-scale structures. The term covers a wide range of work from large ships and bridges to precise engine parts and delicate jewelry. It therefore includes a correspondingly wide range of skills, processes, and tools. Metalworking is a science, art, hobby, industry and trade. Its historical roots span cultures, civilizations, and millennia. Prehistory[edit] The oldest archaeological evidence of copper mining and working was the discovery of a copper pendant in northern Iraq from 8,700 BC.[1] The earliest substantiated and dated evidence of metalworking in North America was the processing of copper in Wisconsin, near Lake Michigan. At some unknown point the connection between heat and the liberation of metals from rock became clear, rocks rich in copper, tin, and lead came into demand. The ancients knew of seven metals. History[edit] [edit] Casting[edit]

Architectural Digest Mosaic Mosaic is the art of creating images with an assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials. It is a technique of decorative art or interior decoration. Most mosaics are made of small, flat, roughly square, pieces of stone or glass of different colors, known as tesserae; but some, especially floor mosaics, may also be made of small rounded pieces of stone, and called "pebble mosaics". History[edit] Aztec skull mask with mosaic decoration The earliest known examples of mosaics made of different materials were found at a temple building in Abra, Mesopotamia, and are dated to the second half of 3rd millennium BC. Greek and Roman mosaic[edit] Greek figural mosaics could have been copied or adapted paintings, a far more prestigious artform, and the style was enthusiastically adopted by the Romans so that large floor mosaics enriched the floors of Hellenistic villas and Roman dwellings from Britain to Dura-Europos. Christian mosaic[edit] Early Christian art[edit]

Photography For the image obtained, see Photograph. Lens and mounting of a large-format camera Photography is the science, art and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.[1] Photography is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g. photolithography) and business, as well as its more direct uses for art, recreational purposes, and mass communication. Etymology[edit] The word "photography" was created from the Greek roots φωτός (phōtos), genitive of φῶς (phōs), "light"[2] and γραφή (graphé) "representation by means of lines" or "drawing",[3] together meaning "drawing with light". Several people may have coined the same new term from these roots independently. History[edit] Precursor technologies[edit] A camera obscura used for drawing images Photography is the result of combining several technical discoveries.

Textile arts textile arts in ancient Egypt Persian Silk Brocade. Persian Textile (The Golden Yarns of Zari - Brocade). Silk Brocade with Golden Thread (Golabetoon). Textile, painted silk, 45 × 291⁄2 in. (114.3 × 74.93 cm), Qing Dynasty, China, mid-18th century, LACMA textile collection Textile arts are those arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects. Textiles have been a fundamental part of human life since the beginning of civilization,[1][2] and the methods and materials used to make them have expanded enormously, while the functions of textiles have remained the same. Concepts[edit] The textile arts also include those techniques which are used to embellish or decorate textiles – dyeing and printing to add color and pattern; embroidery and other types of needlework; tablet weaving; and lace-making. Functions[edit] Textiles as art[edit] See also[edit] Compare: Notes[edit] References[edit] External links[edit]

Sculpture Netsuke of tigress with two cubs, mid-19th century Japan, ivory with shell inlay Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than pottery) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely. However, most ancient sculpture was brightly painted, and this has been lost.[2] Sculpture has been central in religious devotion in many cultures, and until recent centuries large sculptures, too expensive for private individuals to create, were usually an expression of religion or politics. Types of sculpture[edit] A basic distinction is between sculpture in the round, free-standing sculpture, such as statues, not attached (except possibly at the base) to any other surface, and the various types of relief, which are at least partly attached to a background surface. Purposes and subjects[edit] Materials and techniques[edit] Stone[edit]

Printmaking Printmaking is the process of making artworks by printing, normally on paper. Printmaking normally covers only the process of creating prints that have an element of originality, rather than just being a photographic reproduction of a painting. Except in the case of monotyping, the process is capable of producing multiples of a same piece, which is called a print. Each print produced is not considered a "copy" but rather is considered an "original". Multiple impressions printed from the same matrix form an edition. Techniques[edit] Overview[edit] Printmaking techniques are generally divided into the following basic categories: Other types of printmaking techniques outside these groups include collagraphy, viscosity printing, and foil imaging. Many of these techniques can also be combined, especially within the same family. Woodcut[edit] Woodcut, a type of relief print, is the earliest printmaking technique, and the only one traditionally used in the Far East. Engraving[edit] Etching[edit]

TEST: Clémence JOST, Paris 75014 by mindshare2000 May 28

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