Are digital technologies the new Holy Grail ? – OECD ECOSCOPE By Stéphane Sorbe, Peter Gal, Giuseppe Nicoletti and Christina Timiliotis Digital innovations are everywhere, in our pockets, cars and homes. However, while digital technologies seem to offer great potential to enhance firm productivity, productivity growth has slowed sharply in most OECD countries over the past two decades (Figure 1). One explanation to this puzzle is that digital technologies are spreading out across firms less rapidly than we think. As more productive firms have tended to adopt digital technologies faster and more efficiently, their performance has improved relative to less-digitalised, less-productive firms, contributing to a widening gap in productivity performance. Recent OECD work focusing on EU countries suggests that policies have a key role to play to enable efficient adoption of digital technologies across firms, industries and countries, potentially yielding substantial productivity gains and helping less productive firms to catch up. References: Gal, P., G.
bcg Below we explore the opportunities in each area and examine what leading companies are already doing. Reengineer. Climate change is quickly altering the context for most businesses. Those that can successfully innovate will outperform others and secure long-term value by moving quickly toward better, accelerated deployment of existing low-carbon solutions. Customers and investors are embracing companies that demonstrate viable solutions. Consider the example of Neste, which has leveraged technology able to transform fats into molecules that can replace fossil fuels to help customers reduce GHG emissions. Originally the state oil company of Finland (the Finnish government continues to own about 35%), Neste envisioned becoming the world’s leading producer of renewable diesel in the early 2000s and has transformed its business to make the transition from oil and gas to renewable fuels. Neste generated overall revenue growth of 6% to €15.8 billion in 2019 with renewables revenue rising 24%.
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European Union map Member countries of the EU (year of entry) The European Union has 28 member countries: On the road to EU membership Candidate countries Potential candidates Bosnia and Herzegovina Kosovo * * This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/99 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence Joining the EU Becoming a member of the EU is a complex procedure which does not happen overnight. Map Eurozone unemployment falls to a ten-year low Notable in this month’s release of McKinsey’s Global Economics Intelligence (GEI) report is the unemployment rate in the euro area of 7.9 percent for November 2018, the lowest level since 2008. The seasonally adjusted index, maintained by Eurostat, held steady in December. Joblessness has fallen by more than one-third since September 2013, when the index was at 12 percent. The improvement has been slow but steady since that time—a point regarded as the nadir of Europe’s recession within a recession in the early 2010s. And in the wider European Union (EU-28), which includes high-employment countries such as Hungary, Poland, and the United Kingdom, the unemployment rate is even lower, at 6.6 percent, the lowest EU reading since recording began in January 2000. To be sure, the rate of improvement has varied by country (exhibit). The employment picture has furthermore continued to improve despite uncertainties around eurozone growth in 2019.
How to calculate climate change risk for a developing country By Matteo Ferrazzi, Fotios Kalantzis, Sanne Zwart and Tessa Bending As the EU climate bank and a major provider of development finance around the world, understanding climate risk is a core part of the EIB’s business. We track the carbon footprint of our projects and target measures to reduce emissions, and we screen all our investments to ensure that they are compatible with the goals of the Paris Agreement. Understanding the dimensions of climate risk It is important to be aware of how climate change and the climate transition could more broadly affect the economies and societies of the countries in which we operate. For each country, we examine two main types of risk. Quantifying the physical risks posed by climate change The physical risk scores are based on an estimate of the total annual burden each country faces in damages, costs and losses related to climate change. Quantifying the risks posed by the climate transition Exposure to the transition is based on:
Liste europäischer Süßwasserfische Die Fauna der europäischen Süßwasserfische umfasst fast 522 Arten aus über 13 Familien. Alle gehören zu den Knochenfischen (Osteichthyes) und mit Ausnahme der urtümlichen Störartigen (Acipenseriformes), zu den modernen Echten Knochenfischen (Teleostei). Die Artenvielfalt und Verbreitung der europäischen Süßwasserfische wurde entscheidend durch die Eiszeiten geprägt. Die meisten Arten stellen die Karpfenartigen (Cypriniformes) mit fast 200 Arten, gefolgt von den Lachsartigen (Salmoniformes) mit ca. 40 Arten. Laut Bericht des IUCN sind von den 522 Arten bereits 200 Arten als bedroht einzustufen [1]. Die folgende Liste der europäischen Süßwasserfische ist noch unvollständig. Störartige (Acipenseriformes)[Bearbeiten] Aalartige (Anguilliformes)[Bearbeiten] Europäischer Aal (Anguilla anguilla) Heringsartige (Clupeiformes)[Bearbeiten] Lachsartige (Salmoniformes)[Bearbeiten] Stintartige (Osmeriformes)[Bearbeiten] Europäischer Stint (Osmerus eperlanus) Hechtartige (Esociformes)[Bearbeiten]
Book - The Trouble With Europe By Roger Bootle | Capital Economics ‘The EU is the most important thing that stands between Europe and success.’ Six decades ago Europe’s leaders had a noble dream: to prevent another terrible war, and to act as a beacon of co-operation rather than conflict. The European Economic Community eventually became the European Union, and so began a seemingly inevitable march towards a federal super-state, culminating in the creation of the totemic single currency: the Euro. The European Union is now at a crossroads. Its original objectives, the logic of existing relationships and monetary union, are pushing it towards full political union – some sort of United States of Europe, at least of the Eurozone. The EU needs fundamental reform, Roger Bootle argues. Furthermore, the EU has a profound identity crisis, Bootle says. The EU has ineffective and often undemocratic institutions. We can – and should – attempt to reform the EU. Without fundamental reform, some countries may withdraw – or the EU may even break up.