Système complexe adaptatif Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Complex Adaptive System Un système complexe adaptatif ou système complexe auto-adaptatif est l'ensemble des cas particuliers d'un système complexe capable de s'adapter à son environnement par des expériences d'apprentissage. Le terme anglais complex adaptive systems (CAS) a été introduit par l'Institut interdisciplinaire de Santa Fe notamment par John H. Observations[modifier | modifier le code] En 1962, Vero Copner Wynne-Edwards a observé la sélection de groupe à l’œuvre dans les communautés d’oiseaux sauvages. Par ailleurs, David Sloan Wilson (en) a démontré qu’un réseau social qui applique les règles du « système adaptatif complexe » constitue la plus puissante machine à apprendre et gagne presque à tous les coups[1]. Exemples[modifier | modifier le code] Notes et références[modifier | modifier le code] ↑ (fr) Le principe de Lucifer : le cerveau global, Howard Bloom (trad.
Systemtheorie Die Systemtheorie ist sowohl eine allgemeine und eigenständige Disziplin als auch ein weitverzweigter und heterogener Rahmen für einen interdisziplinären Diskurs, der den Begriff System als Grundkonzept führt. Es gibt folglich sowohl eine allgemeine „Systemtheorie“ als auch eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher, zum Teil widersprüchlicher und konkurrierender Systemdefinitionen und -begriffe. Es hat sich heute jedoch eine relativ stabile Reihe an Begriffen und Theoremen herausgebildet, auf die sich der systemtheoretische Diskurs bezieht. Geschichte[Bearbeiten] Der Begriff Allgemeine Systemtheorie geht auf den Biologen Ludwig von Bertalanffy zurück. Kulturgeschichtlich geht der Systembegriff bis auf Johann Heinrich Lambert zurück und wurde unter anderem von Johann Gottfried Herder übernommen und ausgearbeitet. Die moderne Systemtheorie beruht auf unabhängig voneinander entwickelten Ansätzen, die später synthetisiert und erweitert wurden: Der Begriff Systemtheorie bzw. Kybernetik[Bearbeiten]
18 truths: The long fail of complexity | IT Project Failures | Z Enterprise systems are inherently complex, often involving many business processes, people, and organizations across a company. Given this built-in complexity, it's no surprise that failures abound; it's amazing these systems function at all. We could make these same comments about any complex, mission critical system. For example, look no further than the space program or health care delivery. To say that complicated systems are more prone to break down than simpler systems is obvious. A paper copyrighted in 1998, called How Complex Systems Fail and written by an M.D., Dr. The first few items explain that catastrophic failure only occurs when multiple components break down simultaneously: 1. 2. Point six is important because it clearly states that the potential for failure is inherent in complex systems. 6. Given the inherent potential for failure, the next point describes the difficulty in assigning simple blame when something goes wrong. 7. 8. 12. 14. 18. My take.
About Us Background The actKM Forum was initiated by a small group of Australian Public Service and private sector knowledge management practitioners based in Canberra, Australia, towards the end of 1998. The history of actKM and its operation has been documented and published by as: Callahan - Building a KM CoP The actKM Forum community The actKM Forum is a not-for-profit learning community dedicated to building and sharing knowledge about public sector knowledge management, and contributing to improved public sector performance through effective management of knowledge and information resources. Guiding Principles In pursuit of its purpose the members of the actKM Forum Community believe that: Primacy of Knowledge – Knowledge is an essential resource that an organisation must harness to successfully achieve its objectives. Participation Contribution Being a member of the actKM Forum community means, first and foremost, participating in and contributing to our learning community. Benefits Funding
Les Shadoks Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Les Shadoks Titre de la série Les Shadoks. Synopsis[modifier | modifier le code] La série relate les différentes histoires et mésaventures des Shadoks, des êtres anthropomorphes aux apparences d'oiseaux (à ce jour, toujours non-identifiés) rondouillards possédant de longues pattes et de petites ailes ridicules. Les Shadoks ont pour ennemis principaux — ou plutôt comme rivaux[pas clair] — les Gibis qui leur sont intellectuellement supérieurs. Les Shadoks possèdent pour tout vocabulaire quatre mots monosyllabiques : « Ga, Bu, Zo, Meu ». Genèse[modifier | modifier le code] Avant les Shadoks[modifier | modifier le code] Jacques Rouxel propose[Quand ?] Prémices[modifier | modifier le code] Réalisation[modifier | modifier le code] Réception[modifier | modifier le code] Séries[modifier | modifier le code] Les trois premières séries n'ont jamais eu de titre officiel[8] et la quatrième série est nommée « Les Shadoks et le big blank ».
Complex systems This article largely discusses complex systems as a subject of mathematics and the attempts to emulate physical complex systems with emergent properties. For other scientific and professional disciplines addressing complexity in their fields see the complex systems article and references. A complex system is a damped, driven system (for example, a harmonic oscillator) whose total energy exceeds the threshold for it to perform according to classical mechanics but does not reach the threshold for the system to exhibit properties according to chaos theory. History[edit] Although it is arguable that humans have been studying complex systems for thousands of years, the modern scientific study of complex systems is relatively young in comparison to conventional fields of science with simple system assumptions, such as physics and chemistry. Types of complex systems[edit] Chaotic systems[edit] For a dynamical system to be classified as chaotic, it must have the following properties:[2]
Cognitive Edge So what are we about? March 27, 2014 · News The first of three posts with some draft content for the new web site Cognitive Edge acts as a research centre for a distributed network of independent and in house consultants. We create methods and tools together with associated training and support. Continued… Designing our new web site March 26, 2014 · News Two of the things that irritate me at conferences are Chairpeople who run over on time and then expect the speaker to reduce their time accordingly; the other is speakers who spend time with corporate slides rather than getting on with their subject. Continued… SAFe: the infantilism of management March 25, 2014 · I gave the opening keynote at the Agile conference in Brno today. Continued… The bunny of disappointment March 24, 2014 · Musings Yesterday I referenced the Melvyn Bragg podcast on complexity with Ian Stewart, Jeff Johnson and Eve Middleton-Kelly. I think the best... Continued… An obsessional interlude March 23, 2014 · Musings Continued…
T N T — The Network Thinkers Demos | Publications From astronomy to activism, from surfing to saving lives, Pro-Ams - people pursuing amateur activities to professional standards - are an increasingly important part of our society and economy. For Pro-Ams, leisure is not passive consumerism but active and participatory, it involves the deployment of publicly accredited knowledge and skills, often built up over a long career, which has involved sacrifices and frustrations. The 20th century witnessed the rise of professionals in medicine, science, education, and politics. In one field after another, amateurs and their ramshackle organisations were driven out by people who knew what they were doing and had certificates to prove it. The Pro-Am Revolution argues this historic shift is reversing. Based on in-depth interviews with a diverse range of Pro-Ams and containing new data about the extent of Pro-Am activity in the UK, this report proposes new policies to support and encourage valuable Pro-Am activity.
Cellular automaton The concept was originally discovered in the 1940s by Stanislaw Ulam and John von Neumann while they were contemporaries at Los Alamos National Laboratory. While studied by some throughout the 1950s and 1960s, it was not until the 1970s and Conway's Game of Life, a two-dimensional cellular automaton, that interest in the subject expanded beyond academia. In the 1980s, Stephen Wolfram engaged in a systematic study of one-dimensional cellular automata, or what he calls elementary cellular automata; his research assistant Matthew Cook showed that one of these rules is Turing-complete. Wolfram published A New Kind of Science in 2002, claiming that cellular automata have applications in many fields of science. These include computer processors and cryptography. The primary classifications of cellular automata as outlined by Wolfram are numbered one to four. Overview[edit] A torus, a toroidal shape Cellular automata are often simulated on a finite grid rather than an infinite one. History[edit]
International Society for the Systems Sciences The International Society for the Systems Sciences (ISSS) is among the first and oldest organizations devoted to interdisciplinary inquiry into the nature of complex systems, and remains perhaps the most broadly inclusive. The Society was initially conceived in 1954 at the Stanford Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences by Ludwig von Bertalanffy, Kenneth Boulding, Ralph Gerard, and Anatol Rapoport. In collaboration with James Grier Miller, it was formally established as an affiliate of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1956. Originally founded as the Society for General Systems Research, the society adopted its current name in 1988 to reflect its broadening scope. The initial purpose of the society was "to encourage the development of theoretical systems which are applicable to more than one of the traditional departments of knowledge," with the following principal aims: