Conscience Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. « Pensées tourbillonnantes », une représentation photographique sur la question de la conscience : comment la conscience peut-elle être expliquée en termes de processus cérébraux ? Où se trouve le siège de la conscience ? La conscience est un phénomène difficile à définir précisément en raison de la difficulté à comprendre sa nature et ses contours, d’autant qu’il est loin d’être certain que ce qui cherche à la comprendre, la conscience elle-même précisément dont la raison est un outil stylisé, soit capable de se saisir elle-même (« le couteau ne peut se couper lui-même » disent les bouddhistes). La conscience est, du point de vue de certaines philosophies et de la psychologie, la faculté mentale qui permet d'appréhender de façon subjective les phénomènes extérieurs (par exemple, sous la forme de sensations) ou intérieurs (les états émotionnels, les pensées..) et plus généralement sa propre existence. Polysémie[modifier | modifier le code]
État modifié de conscience Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Causes[modifier | modifier le code] Les EMC peuvent être provoqués soit par des substances psychotropes (comme l'alcool, le cannabis, l'ecstasy, la cocaïne et tout hallucinogène, ils sont alors parfois appelés « états altérés de conscience »[3]), soit par intervention psychologique (par exemple l'hypnose), soit par des pratiques spirituelles et corporelles (comme la méditation)[4] ; dans ce cas, les pratiquants parlent couramment d'états de conscience « supérieurs »[5],[6], ou soit après des traumatismes physiques (accidents, pertes de conscience, fièvres, fatigue extrême, états proches de la mort). La création artistique pourrait également rapprocher de ces états. Types[modifier | modifier le code] Notes et références[modifier | modifier le code] ↑ Abdelhafid Chlyeh, La transe, Marsam, 2000 (présentation en ligne [archive]), p. 73↑ Dictionnaire de psychologie (sous la direction de R. Articles connexes[modifier | modifier le code]
Accelerating Future » Top 10 Transhumanist Technologies Transhumanists advocate the improvement of human capacities through advanced technology. Not just technology as in gadgets you get from Best Buy, but technology in the grander sense of strategies for eliminating disease, providing cheap but high-quality products to the world’s poorest, improving quality of life and social interconnectedness, and so on. Technology we don’t notice because it’s blended in with the fabric of the world, but would immediately take note of its absence if it became unavailable. (Ever tried to travel to another country on foot?) Technology needn’t be expensive – indeed, if a technology is truly effective it will pay for itself many times over. Transhumanists tend to take a longer-than-average view of technological progress, looking not just five or ten years into the future but twenty years, thirty years, and beyond. 10. 9. Clearly, World of Warcraft’s eight million subscribers and SecondLife’s five million subscribers are onto something. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2.
brainsource.com | Exploring the Human Brain Conscience Gérard SabahGroupe Langage et CognitionLIMSI -- CNRS " La conscience est au psychologue ce que la gravité est au physicien : inévitable. " (Baars) Pendant de longues années, les chercheurs en intelligence artificielle et en sciences cognitives se sont gardés d'aborder le thème de la conscience, qui apparaissait comme une notion trop vague pour permettre une étude scientifique et pour fonder la cognition. Un renouveau de cette question semble dû à la théorie darwinienne de l'évolution bien qu'Eccles (Eccles 1992) se demande à ce sujet comment des organismes vivants ont acquis des expériences mentales -- non matérielles -- dans un monde autre que celui qui contenait alors tout ce qui existait ? Ainsi, la Science Cognitive, vue comme la science de l'esprit, ne peut négliger les facteurs sociaux, les aspects émotionnels et la conscience. 1.1. On peut également souligner l'existence de deux types fondamentalement distincts de processus. 1.2. * Sélectivité. * Exclusivité. * Enchaînement.
The Blog : Drugs and the Meaning of Life (Photo by JB Banks) (Note 6/4/2014: I have revised this 2011 essay and added an audio version.—SH) Everything we do is for the purpose of altering consciousness. Drugs are another means toward this end. One of the great responsibilities we have as a society is to educate ourselves, along with the next generation, about which substances are worth ingesting and for what purpose and which are not. However, we should not be too quick to feel nostalgia for the counterculture of the 1960s. Drug abuse and addiction are real problems, of course, the remedy for which is education and medical treatment, not incarceration. I discuss issues of drug policy in some detail in my first book, The End of Faith, and my thinking on the subject has not changed. I have two daughters who will one day take drugs. This is not to say that everyone should take psychedelics. There is no getting around the role of luck here. Huxley was operating under the assumption that psychedelics decrease brain activity.
molecules storage Storage is a very exciting thing these days: SSDs are increasing in capacity and becoming cheaper, hard drives are offering storage capacity that’s unprecedented at the consumer level, and recently, scientists have been able to store significant amounts of data using unusual mediums, such as strings of DNA and small groups of atoms. Now, scientists have managed to store data in individual molecules. Using a new, still-experimental technology, researchers have managed to turn individual molecules into a storage medium. In theory, this molecular memory could increase current storage capacities by one thousand times over more conventional means. Molecular memory isn’t an entirely new concept but there have always been significant hurdles, the first of which is no stranger to the computing world: cooling. Previously, molecular memory needed to be cooled to temperatures close to absolute zero — not exactly practical. [Image credit: Wallsonline]
What Are the Brain Mechanisms on Which Psychological Processes Are Based? That the human brain is the organ of the mind is not in dispute, but we know remarkably little about the brain mechanisms underlying the mind. What are the functional structures and computational processes of the human brain that subserve cognition, emotion, and behavior? Given the complexity of the human brain, progress in understanding the functional organization and structure of the human brain depends on sophisticated theoretical specifications of the psychological representations and processes that differentiate two or more comparison conditions. Psychological scientists, therefore, are well positioned to lead the search for brain mechanisms underlying psychological processes. Doing so constitutes an expansion of the purview of psychological science beyond a science of behavior, and beyond a science of the mind, to include a science of the brain. © 2009 Association for Psychological Science
Integral theory consciousness Ken Wilber Journal of Consciousness Studies, 4 (1), February 1997, pp. 71-92 Copyright, 1997, Imprint Academic Abstract: An extensive data search among various types of developmental and evolutionary sequences yielded a `four quadrant' model of consciousness and its development (the four quadrants being intentional, behavioural, cultural, and social). Each of these dimensions was found to unfold in a sequence of at least a dozen major stages or levels. Combining the four quadrants with the dozen or so major levels in each quadrant yields an integral theory of consciousness that is quite comprehensive in its nature and scope. This model is used to indicate how a general synthesis and integration of twelve of the most influential schools of consciousness studies can be effected, and to highlight some of the most significant areas of future research. Introduction 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. The Four Corners of the Kosmos Figure 1: The Four Quadrants The Contours of Consciousness
Transpersonal psychology Issues considered in transpersonal psychology include spiritual self-development, self beyond the ego, peak experiences, mystical experiences, systemic trance, spiritual crises, spiritual evolution, religious conversion, altered states of consciousness, spiritual practices, and other sublime and/or unusually expanded experiences of living. The discipline attempts to describe and integrate spiritual experience within modern psychological theory and to formulate new theory to encompass such experience. Transpersonal psychology has made several contributions to the academic field, and the studies of human development, consciousness and spirituality.[3][4] Transpersonal psychology has also made contributions to the fields of psychotherapy[5] and psychiatry.[6][7] Definition[edit] Lajoie and Shapiro[8] reviewed forty definitions of transpersonal psychology that had appeared in academic literature over the period from 1968 to 1991. Development of the academic field[edit] Origins[edit] Dr.
inversion vieillissement A technique to keep the tips of your chromosomes healthy could reverse tissue ageing. The work, which was done in mice, is yet more evidence of a causal link between chromosome length and age-related disease. Telomeres, the caps of DNA which protect the ends of chromosomes, shorten every time cells divide. But cells stop dividing and die when telomeres drop below a certain length – a normal part of ageing. Mariela Jaskelioff and her colleagues at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts, engineered mice with short telomeres and inactive telomerase to see what would happen when they turned the enzyme back on. Four weeks after the team switched on the enzyme, they found that tissue had regenerated in several organs, new brain cells were developing and the mice were living longer. Journal reference: Nature, DOI: 10.1038/nature09603 Topics: age