Raj
Mughal architecture
Mughal architecture is the architectural style developed by the Mughals in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries throughout the extent of their empire in the Indian subcontinent. It is an amalgam of Islamic, Persian, and Indian architecture.[1] The Mughal Emperors gave a new direction and impetus to architecture. Examples of this style can be found in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh. While Shah Jahan's son Aurangzeb commissioned some buildings such as the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, his reign corresponded with the decline of Mughal architecture and the Empire itself. Architectural Panel, Mughal dynasty, late 17th century, India. Shah Jahan[edit] Taj Mahal[edit] Aurangzeb and later Mughal architecture[edit] In Aurangzeb's reign (1658–1707) squared stone and marble was replaced by brick or rubble with stucco ornament. Additional monuments from this period are associated with women from Aurangzeb's imperial family. Mughal gardens[edit] Mughal Bridges[edit] See also[edit] References[edit]
First Ever Photograph of a Human Being
This photograph of Boulevard du Temple in Paris was made in 1838 by Louis Daguerre, the brilliant guy that invented the daguerreotype process of photography. Aside from its distinction of being a super early photograph, it’s also the first photograph to ever include a human being. Because the image required an exposure time of over ten minutes, all the people, carriages, and other moving things disappear from the scene. It’s interesting how sheer luck earned the guy a place in the history of photography. (via NPR)
The world's first photo
One summer day in France in 1826, Joseph Niepce took the world's first photograph. It's a photo of some farm buildings and the sky. It took an exposure time of 8 hours. Voila! It had to feel pretty incredible, like magic. No one's exactly sure how he did this or what chemicals were used. The current theory about how the photograph was taken is that Niepce coated the pewter plate with bitumen, a petroleum derivative sensitive to light.
History of photography
The commercial introduction of computer-based electronic digital cameras in the 1990s soon revolutionized photography. During the first decade of the 21st century, traditional film-based photochemical methods were increasingly marginalized as the practical advantages of the new technology became widely appreciated and the image quality of moderately priced digital cameras was continually improved. Etymology[edit] The coining of the word "Photography" has been attributed in 1839 to Sir John Herschel based on the Greek φῶς (phos), (genitive: phōtós) meaning "light", and γραφή (graphê), meaning "drawing, writing", together meaning "drawing with light".[2] Technological background[edit] A camera obscura used for drawing images Photography is the result of combining several different technical discoveries. Early History: Development of chemical photography[edit] Monochrome process[edit] Robert Cornelius, self-portrait, Oct. or Nov. 1839, approximate quarter plate daguerreotype.
Arthur Andersen
Arthur Andersen LLP, based in Chicago, is a holding company and formerly one of the "Big Five" accounting firms among PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Ernst & Young and KPMG, providing auditing, tax, and consulting services to large corporations. In 2002, the firm voluntarily surrendered its licenses to practice as Certified Public Accountants in the United States after being found guilty of criminal charges relating to the firm's handling of the auditing of Enron, an energy corporation based in Texas, which had filed for bankruptcy in 2001 and later failed. The other national accounting and consulting firms bought most of the practices of Arthur Andersen. The verdict was subsequently overturned by the Supreme Court of the United States. However, the damage to its reputation has prevented it from returning as a viable business, though it still nominally exists. History[edit] Founding[edit] Revenue per year in million US dollars, source : corporate press releases
Enron scandal
The Enron scandal, revealed in October 2001, eventually led to the bankruptcy of the Enron Corporation, an American energy company based in Houston, Texas, and the de facto dissolution of Arthur Andersen, which was one of the five largest audit and accountancy partnerships in the world. In addition to being the largest bankruptcy reorganization in American history at that time, Enron was attributed as the biggest audit failure.[1] Enron was formed in 1985 by Kenneth Lay after merging Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth. Several years later, when Jeffrey Skilling was hired, he developed a staff of executives that, by the use of accounting loopholes, special purpose entities, and poor financial reporting, were able to hide billions of dollars in debt from failed deals and projects. Enron shareholders filed a $40 billion lawsuit after the company's stock price, which achieved a high of US$90.75 per share in mid-2000, plummeted to less than $1 by the end of November 2001.[2] The U.S.
Andrew Fastow
Andrew Stuart Fastow (born December 22, 1961) is an American businessman who was the chief financial officer of Enron Corporation, an energy trading company based in Houston, Texas, until the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission opened an investigation into his and the company's conduct in 2001. Fastow was one of the key figures behind the complex web of off-balance-sheet special purpose entities (limited partnerships which Enron controlled) used to conceal their massive losses. Fastow served a six-year prison sentence for charges related to these acts. Early life and education[edit] Fastow was born in Washington, D.C. Fastow graduated from Tufts University in 1983 with B.A.s in economics and Chinese. Early career[edit] While at Continental Illinois, Fastow worked on the newly emerging "asset-backed securities". Based on his work at Continental, Fastow was hired in 1990 by Jeffrey Skilling at the Enron Finance Corp. Rise in Enron[edit] Legal problems at Enron[edit] Other sources[edit]
