About | Microsoft Silverlight. Command-line interface. Command-line interfaces to computer operating systems are less widely used by casual computer users, who favor graphical user interfaces. Command-line interfaces are often preferred by more advanced computer users, as they often provide a more concise and powerful means to control a program or operating system.
Programs with command-line interfaces are generally easier to automate via scripting. Operating system command-line interfaces[edit] Operating system (OS) command line interfaces are usually distinct programs supplied with the operating system. Application command-line interfaces[edit] Application programs (as opposed to operating systems) may also have command line interfaces. An application program may support none, any, or all of these three major types of command line interface mechanisms: Parameters: Most operating systems support a means to pass additional information to a program when it is launched. CLI software[edit] Hybrid software[edit] History[edit] Usage[edit] Office 365 is Online Versions of Microsoft Software in the Cloud. Active Directory. Directory service, created by Microsoft for Windows domain networks A domain controller is a server running the Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) role.
It authenticates and authorizes all users and computers in a Windows domain-type network, assigning and enforcing security policies for all computers and installing or updating software. For example, when a user logs into a computer part of a Windows domain, Active Directory checks the submitted username and password and determines whether the user is a system administrator or a non-admin user.[4] Furthermore, it allows the management and storage of information, provides authentication and authorization mechanisms, and establishes a framework to deploy other related services: Certificate Services, Active Directory Federation Services, Lightweight Directory Services, and Rights Management Services.[5] Robert R.
King defined it in the following way:[8] "A domain represents a database. History[edit] Active Directory Services[edit] Realm. SQL. SQL (/ˈɛs kjuː ˈɛl/,[4] or /ˈsiːkwəl/; Structured Query Language[5][6][7][8]) is a special-purpose programming language designed for managing data held in a relational database management system (RDBMS). Originally based upon relational algebra and tuple relational calculus, SQL consists of a data definition language and a data manipulation language. The scope of SQL includes data insert, query, update and delete, schema creation and modification, and data access control. Although SQL is often described as, and to a great extent is, a declarative language (4GL), it also includes procedural elements.
SQL was one of the first commercial languages for Edgar F. Codd's relational model, as described in his influential 1970 paper, "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks History[edit] SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D. In the late 1970s, Relational Software, Inc. Syntax[edit] Language elements[edit] Operators[edit] Conditional (CASE) expressions[edit] Queries[edit] Proxy server. Communication between two computers (shown in grey) connected through a third computer (shown in red) acting as a proxy. Note that Bob doesn't know whom the information is going to, which is why proxies can be used to protect privacy. Types of proxy[edit] A proxy server may reside on the user's local computer, or at various points between the user's computer and destination servers on the Internet. Forward proxies[edit] A forward proxy taking requests from an internal network and forwarding them to the Internet. Forward proxies are proxies in which the client server names the target server to connect to.[2] Forward proxies are able to retrieve from a wide range of sources (in most cases anywhere on the Internet).
The terms "forward proxy" and "forwarding proxy" are a general description of behavior (forwarding traffic) and thus ambiguous. Open proxies[edit] An open proxy forwarding requests from and to anywhere on the Internet. Reverse proxies[edit] Uses of proxy servers[edit] Translation[edit]