Complex adaptive system. They are complex in that they are dynamic networks of interactions, and their relationships are not aggregations of the individual static entities.
They are adaptive in that the individual and collective behavior mutate and self-organize corresponding to the change-initiating micro-event or collection of events.[1][2] Overview[edit] Organisations & communities in the knowledge age. About Us. Background The actKM Forum was initiated by a small group of Australian Public Service and private sector knowledge management practitioners based in Canberra, Australia, towards the end of 1998.
The history of actKM and its operation has been documented and published by as: T N T — The Network Thinkers. International Society for the Systems Sciences. The International Society for the Systems Sciences (ISSS) is among the first and oldest organizations devoted to interdisciplinary inquiry into the nature of complex systems, and remains perhaps the most broadly inclusive.
The Society was initially conceived in 1954 at the Stanford Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences by Ludwig von Bertalanffy, Kenneth Boulding, Ralph Gerard, and Anatol Rapoport. In collaboration with James Grier Miller, it was formally established as an affiliate of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1956. Originally founded as the Society for General Systems Research, the society adopted its current name in 1988 to reflect its broadening scope. The initial purpose of the society was "to encourage the development of theoretical systems which are applicable to more than one of the traditional departments of knowledge," with the following principal aims: