Grappling Positions. Stand-up positions[edit] Called clinch position or standing grappling position, these are the core of clinch fighting.
North-South Position. Kami shiho gatame[edit] A Brazilian Jiu Jitsu practitioner works north south position in tournament Kami shiho gatame (上四方固, "upper four quarter hold down"), and its variations kuzure kami shiho gatame (崩上四方固, "broken upper four quarter hold down"), are the most common pinning holds applied from the north–south position in combat sports using a gi[citation needed].
Side Control. Kata-gatame[edit] The kata gatame (肩固, "shoulder hold") is a pinning hold where the opponent is held around the head, with one of the opponent's arms pinned against his or her neck.
It can be done from kesa-gatame in response to an opponent's escape attempt, during which the arm is pinned against his or her neck, and the hold around the neck is put in place. The kata-gatame is often seen as a chokehold, since it is easy to compress the opponent's neck from the hold by squeezing, in which case it is known as an arm triangle choke or side choke. Kesa-gatame[edit] Half Guard. Back Mount. Offense[edit] Defense[edit] To remove chest to back contact, the mounted opponent can grab an attacker's wrist with two hands and move it over his head to the other side.
If the mounted opponent is much larger/stronger than the mounting fighter, he may actually be able to stand up and slam his opponent into a nearby wall or fall backwards onto his back (and opponent). Doing this with enough force may knock the wind out of the dominant opponent, or at least enable one to break free. Mount. A choke applied from the mount Many chokes, especially collar chokes, are also available from the mounted position.
Such chokes are generally limited to sporting contestants who wear a gi or, in real-life combat, opponents wearing thick jackets, which provide a collar as an aid to choking, but attempting them at a gi-less situation can be successful if the performer manages to hold his opponent. Other submissions such as the Triangle Choke, Arm Triangle and the Gogoplata can be used from the mount but are less common. Pinning holds in budō from the mount include tate shiho gatame (縦四方固, "horizontal four quarters hold", also called hon-tate-shiho-gatame,[1] 本縦四方固), which is similar to kata-gatame except that it is performed from the mount. Submissions. A grappling hold (commonly referred to simply as a hold; in Japanese referred to as katame-waza, 固め技, "grappling technique") is a grappling, wrestling, judo or other martial arts term for a specific grip that is applied to an opponent.
Holds are principally used to control the opponent, and to advance in points or positioning. Holds may be categorized by their function such as clinching, pinning, pain compliance or submission, while others can be classified by their anatomical effect: chokehold, joint-lock or compression lock. Joint Locks. A joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion.
In judō these are referred to as, 関節技 kansetsu-waza, "joint locking technique"[1]) and in Chinese martial arts as chin na which literally means "catching and locking". In judo, the combining of standing locks with throws are forbidden due to the risk of physical harm to the falling opponent, while jujutsu, taijutsu, aikido and hapkido allow their use. Joint locks can be divided into five general types according to which section of the body they affect: These general types can be further divided into subtypes according to which specific joint(s) they affect, or the type of motion they involve. Usage[edit] Joint locks are commonly featured in all forms of grappling, whether it be in martial arts, self-defense, combat sport or hand to hand combat application.
See also[edit] References[edit] Iverson, Steven. Spinal Locks. Spinal locks can be separated into two categories based on their primary area of effect on the spinal column: spinal locks on the neck are called neck cranks and locks on the lower parts of the spine are called spine cranks.
Primarily a feature of some martial arts and wrestling, a 2007 news article reported the dangerous use of spinal locks in Australia's National Rugby League.[1] Neck crank[edit] Cattle Catch (Reverse Crucifix) Spinal locks can be separated into two categories based on their primary area of effect on the spinal column: spinal locks on the neck are called neck cranks and locks on the lower parts of the spine are called spine cranks.
Primarily a feature of some martial arts and wrestling, a 2007 news article reported the dangerous use of spinal locks in Australia's National Rugby League.[1] Can Opener. Crucifix. Spinal locks can be separated into two categories based on their primary area of effect on the spinal column: spinal locks on the neck are called neck cranks and locks on the lower parts of the spine are called spine cranks.
Primarily a feature of some martial arts and wrestling, a 2007 news article reported the dangerous use of spinal locks in Australia's National Rugby League.[1] Neck crank[edit] A neck crank (sometimes also referred to as a neck lock, and technically known as a cervical lock) is a spinal lock applied to the cervical spine causing hyperextension, hyperflexion, lateral hyperflexion, hyperrotation or extension-distraction, either through bending, twisting or elongating. A neck crank is typically applied by pulling or twisting the head beyond its normal ranges of rotation. Neck Cranks. Spinal locks can be separated into two categories based on their primary area of effect on the spinal column: spinal locks on the neck are called neck cranks and locks on the lower parts of the spine are called spine cranks.
Primarily a feature of some martial arts and wrestling, a 2007 news article reported the dangerous use of spinal locks in Australia's National Rugby League.[1] Neck crank[edit] Twister. Spinal locks can be separated into two categories based on their primary area of effect on the spinal column: spinal locks on the neck are called neck cranks and locks on the lower parts of the spine are called spine cranks. Primarily a feature of some martial arts and wrestling, a 2007 news article reported the dangerous use of spinal locks in Australia's National Rugby League.[1] Neck crank[edit] A neck crank (sometimes also referred to as a neck lock, and technically known as a cervical lock) is a spinal lock applied to the cervical spine causing hyperextension, hyperflexion, lateral hyperflexion, hyperrotation or extension-distraction, either through bending, twisting or elongating.
Armlocks. Armbar[edit] A fighter attempts to escape from an armbar by slamming the opponent to the ground. Armbar. Armbar[edit] A fighter attempts to escape from an armbar by slamming the opponent to the ground. Judo black belt applying a jūji-gatame (armbar) against her opponent. Kimura. Kimura from Guard. Keylock. Detailed Americana. Omoplata. Wristlock. Chokeholds. The terminology used varies; in most martial arts, the term "chokehold" or "choke" is used for all types of grappling holds that strangle. This can be misleading as most holds aim to strangle not choke with the exception of "air chokes" (choking means "to have severe difficulty in breathing because of a constricted or obstructed throat or a lack of air"[2]). Rear Naked Choke. Rear Naked Choke (Stephen Kesting)
Guillotine Choke. Guillotine choke applied on the ground by bottom fighter in a closed guard The arm is wrapped around the trachea and the hands are clasped. Pressure is applied upwards to restrict blood flow to the head, eventually causing unconsciousness and, if applied for more time, even death. It is taught in various grappling martial arts and is considered universal to grappling, including Jujutsu, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Judo, as well as in mixed martial arts competition and exists as one of the most instinctive chokes.
Guillotine Choke (Submissions101) Ezekiel Choke (Sode Guruma Jime) Ezekiel from Guard (Koji Komuro) Ezekiel from Mount. Ezekiel Choke (Koji Komuro) NoGi Ezekiel (Erik Paulson) Arm Triangle Choke. Arm triangle choke, side choke, or head and arm choke are generic terms describing blood chokeholds in which the opponent is strangled in between his or her own shoulder and the practitioner's arm. This is as opposed to the regular triangle choke, which denotes a chokehold using the legs, albeit with a similar mechanism of strangulation against the opponent's own shoulder. Arm Triangle Theory (Sub101) Arm Triangle Choke 101.
5 Triangle Options. Triangle Choke. Intro to Triangle Choke. Triangle Choke 101. Triangle Choke: 4 Most Common Errors. D'arce Choke. Peruvian Neck Tie. Peruvian Necktie with Head and Arm Control. Peruvian Necktie (Submissions101) Anaconda Choke. Anaconda Choke (Submissions101)