Brazilian Jiujitsu
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Grappling Positions
A grappling position refers to the positioning and holds of combatants engaged in grappling .
North-South Position
In combat sports, the north–south position (also known as north/south or four quarter ) is a ground grappling position where one combatant is supine, with the other combatant invertedly lying prone on top, normally with his or her head over the bottom combatant's chest. The north–south position is a dominant position , where the top combatant can apply effective strikes such as knee strikes to the head, or easily transition into various grappling holds or more dominant positions. Transitioning into side control can be done by first switching into a particular hold known as ushiro-kesa-gatame (後袈裟固) or reverse scarf hold , where the chest points to the side, and the opponent's arm is controlled similarly to kesa-gatame .
Knee-On-Belly
Knee-on-stomach , or knee-on-belly , knee-on-chest , knee-ride , knee mount and uki-gatame , 浮固, "floating hold" [ 1 ] in budō ) is a dominant ground grappling position where the top combatant places a knee on the bottom combatant's torso , and usually extends the other leg to the side for balance.
Side control (often also called side mount or sometimes cross mount ) is a dominant ground grappling position where the top combatant is lying perpendicularly over the face-up bottom combatant in such a way that the legs are free and he or she exerts considerable control over the combatant on the bottom.
Side Control
Half guard , or alternatively half mount , is a ground grappling position where one combatant is lying on the other, with the bottom combatant having one leg entangled. Sometimes the bottom combatant is said to be in half guard, while the top combatant is in a half mount respectively.
Half Guard
Back Mount
Back mount , or rear mount , is a dominant ground grappling position where one combatant is behind the other in such a way that he or she is controlling the combatant in front.
The mount , or mounted position , is a dominant ground grappling position , where one combatant sits on the other combatants torso with the face pointing towards the opponent's head.
Mount
Guard
The guard is a ground grappling position where one combatant has their back to the ground, while attempting to control the other combatant using the legs. In pure grappling combat sports , the guard is considered an advantageous position , because the bottom combatant can attack with various joint locks and chokeholds , while the top combatant's priority is to transition into a more dominant position, a process known as passing the guard . In mixed martial arts competition or hand-to-hand combat in general, it is possible to effectively strike from the top in the guard, even though the bottom combatant exerts some control.
A grappling hold (commonly referred to simply as a hold ; in Japanese referred to as katame-waza , 固め技 , "grappling technique") is a grappling , wrestling , judo or other martial arts term for a specific grip that is applied to an opponent. Holds are principally used to control the opponent, and to advance in points or positioning . Holds may be categorized by their function such as clinching , pinning , pain compliance or submission , while others can be classified by their anatomical effect: chokehold , joint-lock or compression lock .
Submissions
Joint Locks
A Joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion.A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column , which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion. This is typically done by bending or twisting the head or upper body into abnormal positions. Commonly, spinal locks might strain the spinal musculature or result in a mild spinal sprain , while a forcefully and/or suddenly applied spinal lock may cause severe ligament damage or damage to the vertebrae , and possibly result in serious spinal cord injury , strokes , or death.
Spinal Locks
A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column , which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion. This is typically done by bending or twisting the head or upper body into abnormal positions. Commonly, spinal locks might strain the spinal musculature or result in a mild spinal sprain , while a forcefully and/or suddenly applied spinal lock may cause severe ligament damage or damage to the vertebrae , and possibly result in serious spinal cord injury , strokes , or death.
Cattle Catch (Reverse Crucifix)
Can Opener
A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column , which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion. This is typically done by bending or twisting the head or upper body into abnormal positions. Commonly, spinal locks might strain the spinal musculature or result in a mild spinal sprain , while a forcefully and/or suddenly applied spinal lock may cause severe ligament damage or damage to the vertebrae , and possibly result in serious spinal cord injury , strokes , or death.A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column , which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion.