Social Foundations
Get flash to fully experience Pearltrees
Foundations of Human Sociality (Introduction and Overview) | Cooperation Commons
The self-regarding and outcome oriented picture of human behavior presented in traditional economics does not explain why humans care so much about each other and about how social interaction is carried out, not just the end goals. The Ultimatum Game, designed by Werner Guth, is just one illustration of how real people will not always follow the dictates of self-interested rationality. Two subjects are given a sum of money, one is given the power to divide the sum, and the other can either accept or reject (in which case neither get any money).Robin Dunbar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Robin Ian MacDonald Dunbar [ 2 ] [ 3 ] is a British anthropologist and evolutionary psychologist and a specialist in primate behaviour. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] He is currently Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology and the Director of the Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology of the University of Oxford and the Co-director of the British Academy Centenary Research Project. He is best known for formulating Dunbar's number [ 1 ] , roughly 150, a measurement of the "cognitive limit to the number of individuals with whom any one person can maintain stable relationships". [ 7 ] [ edit ] Early life and education
Dunbar's number - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dunbar's number is a suggested cognitive limit to the number of people with whom one can maintain stable social relationships . These are relationships in which an individual knows who each person is, and how each person relates to every other person. [ 1 ] Proponents assert that numbers larger than this generally require more restrictive rules, laws, and enforced norms to maintain a stable, cohesive group . No precise value has been proposed for Dunbar's number.
Symbiogenesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Symbiogenesis is the merging of two separate organisms to form a single new organism. The idea originated with Konstantin Mereschkowsky in his 1926 book Symbiogenesis and the Origin of Species , which proposed that chloroplasts originate from cyanobacteria captured by a protozoan . [ 1 ] Ivan Wallin also supported this concept in his book “Symbionticism and the Origins of Species." He suggested that bacteria might be the cause of the origin of species, and that species creation may occur through endosymbiosis. Today both chloroplasts and mitochondria are believed, by those who ascribe to the endosymbiotic theory , to have such an origin. In Acquiring Genomes: A Theory of the Origins of Species , biologist Lynn Margulis argued later that symbiogenesis is a primary force in evolution .