Resources for You (Radiation-Emitting Products) > Microwave Oven Radiation About Microwaves Microwaves are used to detect speeding cars, to send telephone and television communications, and to treat muscle soreness. Industry uses microwaves to dry and cure plywood, to cure rubber and resins, to raise bread and doughnuts, and to cook potato chips. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has regulated the manufacture of microwave ovens since 1971. What is Microwave Radiation? Microwaves are a form of "electromagnetic" radiation; that is, they are waves of electrical and magnetic energy moving together through space. Microwaves have three characteristics that allow them to be used in cooking: they are reflected by metal; they pass through glass, paper, plastic, and similar materials; and they are absorbed by foods. Cooking with Microwaves Microwaves are produced inside the oven by an electron tube called a magnetron. Although heat is produced directly in the food, microwave ovens do not cook food from the "inside out." Microwave Oven Safety Standard
Laws and Regulations (Radiation-Emitting Products) > Summary Of The Electronic Product Radiation Control Provisions Of The Federal Food, Drug, And Cosmetic Act The Radiation Control provisions (originally enacted as the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968) are located in Sections 531 through 542 of the Act. They apply to any "electronic product" which is defined as: any manufactured or assembled product (or component, part, or accessory of such product) which, when in operation, (i) contains or acts as part of an electronic circuit and (ii) emits (or in the absence of effective shielding or other controls would emit) electronic product radiation. "Electronic product radiation" is defined as: (A) any ionizing or non-ionizing electromagnetic or particulate radiation, or (B) any sonic, infrasonic, or ultrasonic wave, which is emitted from an electronic product as the result of the operation of an electronic circuit in such product. Examples of electronic products: SUMMARY OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS (Consult Regulations for full text) 21 CFR 1020.10. 21 CFR 1020.20. limits radiation at 30 cm to 10 mR/hr requires user precautions labeling A.
Radiation Safety FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) radiation safety programs involve enforcement of mandatory requirements in addition to partnerships and voluntary programs that promote the safe use of radiation-emitting products. The goal of these programs is to ensure that the public and professionals alike are informed of the risks posed by different types of radiation emissions and radiation-emitting products. It is also to balance the beneficial use of radiation by ensuring that each patient receives the appropriate radiation dose using the appropriate, medically necessary imaging exam at the appropriate time. These programs recognize that we all have a role in promoting radiation safety, so that: This page links to several radiation safety initiatives within FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health.
U.S.C. Title 21 - FOOD AND DRUGS 21 U.S.C. United States Code, 2010 EditionTitle 21 - FOOD AND DRUGSCHAPTER 9 - FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETIC ACTSUBCHAPTER V - DRUGS AND DEVICESPart C - Electronic Product Radiation ControlSec. 360jj - Studies by SecretaryFrom the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov §360jj. Studies by Secretary (a) Report to Congress The Secretary shall conduct the following studies, and shall make a report or reports of the results of such studies to the Congress on or before January 1, 1970, and from time to time thereafter as he may find necessary, together with such recommendations for legislation as he may deem appropriate: (1) A study of present State and Federal control of health hazards from electronic product radiation and other types of ionizing radiation, which study shall include, but not be limited to— (A) control of health hazards from radioactive materials other than materials regulated under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 [42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq References in Text Codification
Global EMC Inc. Canada - Product Safety Testing - FDA 510k FAQ FDA 510(k) - Frequently Asked Questions What Is the FDA Definition of a Medical Device? A medical device is an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in-vitro reagent, or other similar or related article, including a component part, or accessory which is: • recognized in the official National Formulary, or the United States Pharmacopoeia, or any supplement to them, • intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, in man or other animals, or • intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals, and which does not achieve any of it's primary intended purposes through chemical action within or on the body of man or other animals and which is not dependent upon being metabolized for the achievement of any of its primary intended purposes. When Is A Product Considered Radiation Emitting? Definition of Electronic Product Radiation:
Spy Knife Unlock: The Lethal Injection Spy Secondary (Knife) Unlock: The Lethal Injection: "Silent... but deadly!" The Lethal Injection needs YOU! Abbreviated Properties: Level 007 Lethal InjectionCovertly implants enemies with remotely activated poison capsules without breaking disguise.5 second capsule priming delay. Description: A capsule of terminal poison that is discreetly implanted into the Spy's victim by means of an oversized syringe/specialized injecting knife. Lethal Injection Kill Icons (by TheSentryIsaSpy): Conceptual Renders (Thanks to Da Clown Teehee and Icanhazzombys): Pen Knife Version: Lethal Injection Model Viewer (Unity Player required to view) by ICanHazZombies: Added 16/01/2011: 800x600 Version: 1024x600 Version: Added 07/05/2010: Red Pen Renders: Blu Pen Renders:
Quadcopter Unlike most helicopters, quadcopters use 2 sets of identical fixed pitched propellers; 2 clockwise (CW) and 2 counter-clockwise (CCW). These use variation of RPM to control lift and torque. Control of vehicle motion is achieved by altering the rotation rate of one or more rotor discs, thereby changing its torque load and thrust/lift characteristics. Early in the history of flight, quadcopter (referred to as 'quadrotor') configurations were seen as possible solutions to some of the persistent problems in vertical flight; torque-induced control issues (as well as efficiency issues originating from the tail rotor, which generates no useful lift) can be eliminated by counter-rotation and the relatively short blades are much easier to construct. More recently quadcopter designs have become popular in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) research. There are several advantages to quadcopters over comparably-scaled helicopters. History[edit] Early attempts[edit] Breguet-Richet Gyroplane (1907) Dr.
Canadian robot spy flies for Libyan rebels - Technology & Science An aerial spy drone created by a Canadian start-up company is helping Libyan rebels in their fight against government forces. Aeryon Labs Inc., based out of Waterloo, Ont., says it supplied one of its Aeryon Scout Micro UAV units to the Libyan Transitional National Council, to help rebels identify enemy locations. The small device — which looks like a toy helicopter, weighs about 1.3 kilograms and fits in a backpack or suitcase — can fly into dangerous areas while shooting high-quality video that is beamed back in real-time, even to smartphones like BlackBerrys and iPhones. The Aeryon Scout weighs about 1.3 kilograms and fits in a backpack or suitcase. (Aeryon Labs) The company also says the device is very easy to use and can be controlled via a map-based, touch-screen interface rather than using a joystick. Zariba Security's Charles Barlow says the Aeryon Scout Micro UAV has been in action without incident since, both during day and night, using a heat-seeking thermal camera.
Insane Equipment When you walk through a factory full of automated machines that are doing repetitive tasks you will usually see a large metal electrical cabinet beside each machine. Inside that box will most likely be a PLC that is controlling the machine by monitoring inputs and controlling motors and valves. This all sounds fine until you look at the price of this equipment, $10 or $20K will get you a decent PLC system but you will get a truck load of Arduino gear for that. Alexander Kozusyev turned to Arduino to provide some simple automation to a production line. Via: Arduino Blog “Production line has two independent CNC 3-axis manipulator. PLD From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia PLD may refer to: Technology Programmable Logic Device, a type of integrated circuit semiconductorPulsed Laser Deposition, a method of growing thin filmsPresentation Layer Developer Biology Phospholipase D, an enzyme which cleaves phosphatidylcholine to produce phosphatidic acid and cholinePolycystic Liver Disease, multiple cysts scattered throughout the normal liver tissue Politics Other
Educate-Yourself.org:The Freedom of Knowledge; The Power of Thought