Chemistry The Chemistry of Caffeine Caffeine Synonyms: 1-methyltheobromine The most common names for caffeine are 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1h-purine-2,6-dione and 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine. Figure Also seewww.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/6202/che.htm Physical Properties: Molecular Formula = C8H10N4O2Molecular Weight = 194.19Number of Chiral Centers: ZeroOptical Activity: NoneUV max (10mM HClO4 + 10mM NaClO4 70%) + (CH3CN 30%): 210nm, local max at 275nmHalf-Life: in human body varies between 3 to 7 hoursProperties: Soft, white crystal or powder, odorless, slightly bitter tasteMelting Point: 235-238oC Caffeine is classified as a central nervous system stimulant and it belongs to xanthine chemical group. They are very similar and differ only by the presence of methyl groups in two positions of the chemical structure. Drinks: Coffee: Food: Non-prescription Drugs: To a nerve cell, caffeine looks like adenosine that causes drowsiness by slowing down nerve cell activity.
What Is Caffeine and How Does It Work? By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. Updated December 05, 2014. Caffeine (C8H10N4O2) is the common name for trimethylxanthine (systematic name is 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine or 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione). The chemical is also known as coffeine, theine, mateine, guaranine, or methyltheobromine. When purified, caffeine is an intensely bitter white powder. A normal dose of caffeine is generally considered to be 100 mg, which is roughly the amount found in a cup of coffee. continue reading below our video Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% However, more than half of all American adults consume more than 300 mg of caffeine every day, which makes it America's most popular drug. Caffeine is believed to work by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain and other organs. The stimulated nerve cells release the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline), which increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood flow to muscles, decreases blood flow to the skin and organs, and causes the liver to release glucose.
Caffeine - Chemistry Encyclopedia - structure, reaction, water, uses, name, mass Photo by: fotogiunta Figure 1. The molecular structure of caffeine. Caffeine belongs to the family of heterocyclic compounds known as purines. It has the systematic name 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione; it is also known as 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, and 1,3,7-trimethyl-2,6-dioxopurine. More than sixty plants, including those that give us coffee, tea, cola, and cacao, produce caffeine from the purine xanthine. Caffeine enters the bloodstream about ten minutes after its ingestion and stays in the body for up to twelve hours. Caffeine acts as a stimulant of the central nervous system (CNS) through several proposed mechanisms. Coffee drinks are among the most popular sources of caffeine, believed to be the most commonly used drug worldwide. such as epinephrine and glucagon—hormones that initiate the "fight or flight" response in animals. Some investigations into caffeine-related health issues are inconclusive. "Coffee: How Much Is Too Much?" Other Resources Caffeine Archive.
Unlocking Coffee's Chemical Composition: Part 1 Everyday millions of people around the world begin their day religiously with a morning cup of coffee. Though today we easily identify coffee in its beverage form, it wasn't always this way in the beginning. Throughout history, coffee has taken on several physical transformations, initially serving as an energy source when nomadic tribes combined coffee berries with animal fat as an early form of an energy bar. Later it was consumed as a tea, then wine, and finally to the beverage we've come to identify today. Over the past half century scientists have made significant progress which has allowed them to unlock the nearly 1,000 compounds found in roasted coffee. For many, coffee drinking is simply a delivery medium for a potent alkaloid we have come to identify as caffeine or otherwise known as 1,3,7 – trimethylxanthine. But for humans caffeine is very unique. Another less known alkaloid that shadows in the light of caffeine is that of trigonelline. Interested in more coffee science?
Caffeine -- History, Chemical and Physical Properties and Effects Sources Caffeine is a plant alkaloid, found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them.[3] The most commonly used caffeine-containing plants are coffee, tea, and to some extent cocoa. Other, less commonly used, sources of caffeine include the yerba mate[4] and guaraná plants, which are sometimes used in the preparation of teas and energy drinks. Two of caffeine's alternative names, mateine[5] and guaranine,[6] are derived from the names of these plants. The world's primary source of caffeine is the coffee bean (the seed of the coffee plant), from which coffee is brewed. Tea is another common source of caffeine. Caffeine is also a common ingredient of soft drinks such as cola, originally prepared from kola nuts. History of use The early history of coffee is obscure, but a popular myth traces its discovery to Ethiopia, where Coffea arabica originates. Pharmacology Metabolism Mechanism of Action Overuse References
Caffeine | University Health Service Download Caffeine Brochure (PDF) What is caffeine? Caffeine is a plant product that is most commonly found in coffee beans, tea, soft drinks, cocoa and chocolate. Caffeine is also found in some prescription and non-prescription drugs, including cold, allergy and pain relievers. How caffeine affects the body: Caffeine acts as a stimulant by exerting an effect on the central nervous system. When consumed in moderate doses (up to 250 mg, or about two 6-oz cups of coffee or about four 12-oz colas), caffeine can help people more alert and less sleepy. Caffeine may increase heart rate, body temperature, blood flow to the skin & extremities, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, stomach acid secretion and production of urine (diuretic). Contrary to popular belief, drinking coffee will not help someone who is intoxicated become sober. Side effects: Too much caffeine may lead to sleep deprivation and a tendency to disregard the normal warning signals that the body is tired and needs rest.
caffeine | C8H10N4O2 - PubChem /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Caffeine exacerbates the acute toxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') in rats characterized by hyperthermia, tachycardia and lethality. Depletion of central catecholamine stores and dopamine D(1) receptor blockade have been reported to attenuate the ability of caffeine to exacerbate MDMA-induced hyperthermia.The purpose of the study was to investigate whether dopamine D(1) and D(2) receptors mediate the effects of caffeine on MDMA-induced changes in body temperature, heart rate and locomotor activity. All parameters were recorded continuously in individually housed rats using bioradiotelemetry from 1 hr prior to 4 hr following caffeine (10 mg/kg, sc) and/or MDMA (10 mg/kg, sc) administration. Co-administration of caffeine with MDMA provoked a switch from MDMA-induced hypothermia and bradycardia to hyperthermia and tachycardia without influencing MDMA-induced hyperlocomotion. Tofovic SP et al; Ren Fail 29 (7): 891-902 (2007)
The Chemistry of Caffeine. caffeine | C8H10N4O2 - PubChem /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Caffeine exacerbates the acute toxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') in rats characterized by hyperthermia, tachycardia and lethality. Depletion of central catecholamine stores and dopamine D(1) receptor blockade have been reported to attenuate the ability of caffeine to exacerbate MDMA-induced hyperthermia.The purpose of the study was to investigate whether dopamine D(1) and D(2) receptors mediate the effects of caffeine on MDMA-induced changes in body temperature, heart rate and locomotor activity. All parameters were recorded continuously in individually housed rats using bioradiotelemetry from 1 hr prior to 4 hr following caffeine (10 mg/kg, sc) and/or MDMA (10 mg/kg, sc) administration. Vanattou-Saifoudine N; Psychopharmacology (Berl) 211 (1):15-25 (2010) Howden R; Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 288 (5): H2219-24 (2005). Tofovic SP et al; Ren Fail 29 (7): 891-902 (2007) IARC. IARC. IARC. IARC. IARC. IARC. IARC. IARC.
The Chemistry of Caffeine - www.ChemistryIsLife.com Chemistry's Role When you consume caffeine, a chemical reaction occurs in your brain. Caffeine uses the same biochemical mechanisms as other stimulants to stimulate the brain function.It causes increased neuronal firing. This affects everyone differently. Some may have reactions that others may not. For example some may have the jitters or insomnia. Another chemical reaction that happens is considered dependency. Background Research Caffeine is not a man made substance, it is made through plants. Resources About the Author Marisa Salazar is addicted to caffeine and drinks up to ten coffees a day.
Caffeine | C8H10N4O2 Molecular FormulaC8H10N4O2 Average mass194.191 Da Monoisotopic mass194.080383 Da ChemSpider ID2424 Featured data source Results 1 - 10 of 103Igor V. Tetko, Vsevolod Yu. Tanchuk, Tamara N. Kasheva, and Alessandro E. Advertisement <hr class="clear"/><p><span>Advertisement</span><br /><a href=" <p><span>Advertisement</span><br /><a href="