XQuartz
Intro ¶ The XQuartz project is an open-source effort to develop a version of the X.org X Window System that runs on OS X. Together with supporting libraries and applications, it forms the X11.app that Apple has shipped with OS X since version 10.5. Latest Releases ¶ Mavericks users, please use 2.7.5 or later. Stable: 2.7.5 - 2013.11.10 Development: 2.7.6 rc1 - 2014.04.09 Support ¶ There are three ways to get support for XQuartz. OS X Software/Security Updates and XQuartz (Leopard Only) ¶ OS X Software Updates have included some of the work done by this project, but for various reasons, Apple cannot ship the latest and greatest version offered by this site. Site Map ¶ General X11 Information ¶ X11 on the Mac ¶
Bash
Bash is the GNU Project's shell. Bash is the Bourne Again SHell. Bash is an sh-compatible shell that incorporates useful features from the Korn shell (ksh) and C shell (csh). The improvements offered by Bash include: Command line editingUnlimited size command historyJob ControlShell Functions and AliasesIndexed arrays of unlimited sizeInteger arithmetic in any base from two to sixty-four The maintainer also has a bash page which includes Frequently-Asked-Questions. Downloading Bash Bash can be found on the main GNU ftp server: (via HTTP) and (via FTP). Documentation Documentation for Bash is available online, as is documentation for most GNU software. Mailing lists To ask for help about bash, bash programming or bash shell scripting please use the <help-bash@gnu.org> mailing list. Announcements about Bash and most other GNU software are made on <info-gnu@gnu.org>. Getting involved Development Translating Bash Maintainer Licensing
X Window System
A historical example of graphical user interface and applications common to the MIT X Consortium's distribution running under the twm window manager: X Terminal, Xbiff, xload and a graphical manual page browser A modern example of a graphical user interface using X11 and KDE. In computing, the X Window System (X11, X, and sometimes informally X-Windows) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on UNIX-like operating systems. X originated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1984. The protocol version has been X11 since September 1987. The X.Org Foundation leads the X project, with the current reference implementation, X.Org Server, available as free and open source software under the MIT License and similar permissive licenses.[1] Purpose and abilities[edit] X is an architecture-independent system for remote graphical user interfaces and input device capabilities. Software architecture[edit] Practical examples of remote clients include: Principles[edit]
Tmux
Window Managers for X: Metacity
License: GPL Activity Rating: High Metacity is a lightweight window manager written by Havoc Pennington from Red Hat. The first version was 2.3, which was released in 2001. It is implemented with the GTK+ 2.x toolkit, and so integrates well with the GNOME 2.x platform. Instead of adding numerous features, Metacity attempts to use good defaults. Here are some screenshots of Metacity: From trollet@skynet.be, added in April 2003: This 1600x1200 screenshot (358k) is from an Ultra 10 running Solaris. For downloads, themes, and further information see the following sites:
XFree86® Home to the X Window System
X Window System
A historical example of graphical user interface and applications common to the MIT X Consortium's distribution running under the twm window manager: X Terminal, Xbiff, xload and a graphical manual page browser A modern example of a graphical user interface using X11 and KDE. In computing, the X Window System (X11, X, and sometimes informally X-Windows) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on UNIX-like operating systems. X originated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1984. Purpose and abilities[edit] X is an architecture-independent system for remote graphical user interfaces and input device capabilities. In its standard distribution it is a complete, albeit simple, display and interface solution which delivers a standard toolkit and protocol stack for building graphical user interfaces on most Unix-like operating systems and OpenVMS, and has been ported to many other contemporary general purpose operating systems. Software architecture[edit]
Comparison of X Window System desktop environments
A desktop environment is a collection of software designed to give functionality and a certain look and feel to an operating system. Technical elements of a desktop environment[edit] A desktop environment (DE) can be broken up into several components that function independently and interact with one another to provide the look and feel and functionality of the desktop environment. A fundamental part of a DE is the window manager or WM. A window manager creates a certain way for application windows to present themselves to the user. It manages the various application windows, keeping track of which ones are open and providing features to switch between them. There are some exceptions: Window managers like Fluxbox, wmii and Ratpoison operate independently of a desktop environment and were written with this objective in mind. KDE file manager Dolphin running under GNOME Notably, nothing prevents the user from installing any number of software libraries of his/her choice. See also[edit]
