Quantum gravity takes singularity out of black holes - space - 29 May 2013

Mathematical breakthrough sets out rules for more effective teleportation For the last ten years, theoretical physicists have shown that the intense connections generated between particles as established in the quantum law of ‘entanglement’ may hold the key to eventual teleportation of information. Now, for the first time, researchers have worked out how entanglement could be ‘recycled’ to increase the efficiency of these connections. Published in the journal Physical Review Letters, the result could conceivably take us a step closer to sci-fi style teleportation in the future, although this research is purely theoretical in nature. The team have also devised a generalised form of teleportation, which allows for a wide variety of potential applications in quantum physics. Once considered impossible, in 1993 a team of scientists calculated that teleportation could work in principle using quantum laws. “We have also found a generalised teleportation technique which we hope will find applications in areas such as quantum computation.”

Physicists Create Quantum Link Between Photons That Don't Exist at the Same Time Now they're just messing with us. Physicists have long known that quantum mechanics allows for a subtle connection between quantum particles called entanglement, in which measuring one particle can instantly set the otherwise uncertain condition, or "state," of another particle—even if it's light years away. Now, experimenters in Israel have shown that they can entangle two photons that don't even exist at the same time. "It's really cool," says Jeremy O'Brien, an experimenter at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom, who was not involved in the work. Such time-separated entanglement is predicted by standard quantum theory, O'Brien says, "but it's certainly not widely appreciated, and I don't know if it's been clearly articulated before." Entanglement is a kind of order that lurks within the uncertainty of quantum theory. Entanglement can come in if you have two photons. In recent years, physicists have played with the timing in the scheme. So what's the advance good for?

Artificial Magnetic Monopoles discovered A team of re­searchers from Cologne, Mu­nich and Dres­den have man­aged to cre­ate ar­ti­fi­cial mag­netic monopoles. A team of re­search­ers from Co­logne , Mu­nich and Dresden have man­aged to cre­ate ar­ti­fi­cial mag­netic mono­poles. To do this, the sci­ent­ists merged tiny mag­netic whirls, so-called skyrmi­ons . When a mag­net is di­vided, a new mag­net with north and south poles is al­ways cre­ated. Over the last few years, ma­ter­i­als in which mag­netic whirls, so-called skyrmi­ons, are formed, have been ex­amined in­tens­ively. Even if these are not “real” mag­netic fields, it is pos­sible to meas­ure them ex­per­i­ment­ally in the same man­ner as nor­mal mag­net fields as they de­flect elec­trons. The re­search­ers asked ques­tions as to the con­sequences of at­tempt­ing to des­troy the mag­netic whirls. What hap­pens, however, within the ma­ter­i­als? The image schem­at­ic­ally shows how two mag­netic whirls merge into one. For quer­ies, con­tact: Pro­fessor Dr.

First-ever high-resolution images of a molecule as it breaks and reforms chemical bonds When Felix Fischer of the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) set out to develop nanostructures made of graphene using a new, controlled approach to chemical reactions, the first result was a surprise: spectacular images of individual carbon atoms and the bonds between them. "We weren't thinking about making beautiful images; the reactions themselves were the goal," says Fischer, a staff scientist in Berkeley Lab's Materials Sciences Division (MSD) and a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. What the microscope showed the researchers, says Fischer, "was amazing." The researchers report their results in the June 7, 2013 edition of the journal Science , available in advance on Science Express . Graphene nanostructures from the bottom up "In solution, more than a dozen compounds could be the products of the reaction we were using, and characterizing the results would be difficult," Fischer says.

New, simple theory may explain mysterious dark matter | Research News @ Vanderbilt by David Salisbury | Posted on Monday, Jun. 10, 2013 — 3:50 PM Abell 520 is a gigantic merger of galaxy clusters located 2.4 billion light years away. It appears to have left behind a large clump of dark matter. Most of the matter in the universe may be made out of particles that possess an unusual, donut-shaped electromagnetic field called an anapole. This proposal, which endows dark matter particles with a rare form of electromagnetism, has been strengthened by a detailed analysis performed by a pair of theoretical physicists at Vanderbilt University: Professor Robert Scherrer and post-doctoral fellow Chiu Man Ho. “There are a great many different theories about the nature of dark matter. Elusive particle Robert Scherrer, left, and Chiu Man Ho. Common electromagnetism, not exotic forces These predictions show that soon the existence of anapole dark matter should either be discovered or ruled out by these experiments.” Invisible to telescopes

Atom Inside Photographed - science Last updated 10:48 27/05/2013 ANETA STODOLNA/ FOM Institute Four-by-four-millimetre images showing the bull's eye-like rings of electron wave functions inside hydrogen atoms. Redder areas reflect a higher density of electrons than bluer areas. Talk about taking a tough shot. Snapping a picture of the inside of an atom - the electrons, the protons, the neutrons - is no easy task. Instead of having the ability to describe where a particle is, quantum theory provides a description of its whereabouts called a wave function. Wave functions work like sound waves, except that whereas the mathematical description of a sound wave defines the motion of molecules in air at a particular place, a wave function describes the probability of finding the particle. Physicists can theoretically predict what a wave function is like, but measuring a wave function is very hard because they are exquisitely fragile.

Wormhole entanglement solves black hole paradox - space - 20 June 2013 - New Scientist#.UcOj1RG9KSM#.UcOj1RG9KSM#.UcOj1RG9KSM#.UcjPvipzZMt WORMHOLES – tunnels through space-time that connect black holes – may be a consequence of the bizarre quantum property called entanglement. The redefinition would resolve a pressing paradox that you might be burned instead of crushed, should you fall into a black hole. Knowing which hazard sign to erect outside a black hole isn't exactly an everyday problem. Relativity says if you fall into a black hole, you would die via "spaghettification" – a gradual stretching by ever-more intense gravitational forces. To preserve quantum monogamy, Polchinski suggested last year that the black hole-photon entanglement breaks down. Possible solutions abound but now two physics heavyweights, Juan Maldacena of the Institute for Advance Study in Princeton, and Leonard Susskind of Stanford University, California, have come up with the most audacious one yet: a new kind of wormhole that means the entanglement needn't be broken in the first place. New Scientist Not just a website! More From New Scientist

Government Lab Reveals It Has Operated Quantum Internet For Over Two Years One of the dreams for security experts is the creation of a quantum internet that allows perfectly secure communication based on the powerful laws of quantum mechanics. The basic idea here is that the act of measuring a quantum object, such as a photon, always changes it. So any attempt to eavesdrop on a quantum message cannot fail to leave telltale signs of snooping that the receiver can detect. That allows anybody to send a “one-time pad” over a quantum network which can then be used for secure communication using conventional classical communication. That sets things up nicely for perfectly secure messaging known as quantum cryptography and this is actually a fairly straightforward technique for any half decent quantum optics lab. These systems have an important limitation, however. Various teams are racing to develop quantum routers that will fix this problem by steering quantum messages without destroying them. This is not the first time this kind of approach has been tried.

Deterministic quantum teleportation between distant atomic objects : Nature Physics Affiliations Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark H. Krauter, D. Contributions H.K., D.S., J.M.P., H.S. and T.F. performed the experiment. Competing financial interests The authors declare no competing financial interests. Author details H.

Quantum boffins send data ACROSS TIME AND SPACE Researchers in Israel have pulled a trick that makes quantum physics seem even stranger than an episode of Doctor Who – they've created a pair of photons that was briefly entangled not across space, but across time. The last time El Reg discussed time-like entanglement it was being proposed as a theoretical construct. The idea put forward then was that by interacting with the quantum vacuum, two photons existing at different points in time could become entangled. That, however, was just a proposal for one way that a time-like entanglement might exist. The group, led by Hagai Eisenberg, took a different tack to last year's story, using only photon-to-photon entanglements to create a “spooky action at a distance” – between photons that never existed at the same time. The process is pretty straightforward, as it turns out: After this process, the researchers say, polarisation measurement on P4 showed entanglement with P1, even though P1 was destroyed before P4 was created. Image: Phys.