Fusor The Farnsworth–Hirsch Fusor, or simply fusor, is an apparatus designed by to create . It has also been developed in various incarnations by researchers including Elmore, Tuck, and Watson, and more lately by and . Unlike most controlled fusion systems, which slowly heat a magnetically confined plasma, the fusor injects "high temperature" s directly into a reaction chamber, thereby avoiding a considerable amount of complexity. The approach is known as . Hopes at the time were high that it could be quickly developed into a practical power source. History Invention The fusor was originally conceived by Philo Farnsworth, better known for his pioneering work in . What particularly interested Farnsworth about the device was its ability to focus electrons at a particular point. Design His original fusor designs were based on cylindrical arrangements of electrodes, like the original multipactors. Various models of the fusor were constructed in the early 1960s. Robert Hirsch Recent developments Other
Elemental Magical entity who embodies/personifies one of the four classical elements History[edit] The elements of earth, water, air, and fire, were classed as the fundamental building blocks of nature. This system prevailed in the Classical world and was highly influential in medieval natural philosophy. Paracelsus[edit] In his 16th-century work A Book on Nymphs, Sylphs, Pygmies, and Salamanders, and on the Other Spirits, Paracelsus identified mythological beings as belonging to one of the four elements. The concept of elementals seems to have been conceived by Paracelsus in the 16th century, though he did not in fact use the term "elemental" or a German equivalent.[5] He regarded them not so much as spirits but as beings between creatures and spirits, generally being invisible to mankind but having physical and commonly humanoid bodies, as well as eating, sleeping, and wearing clothes like humans. In De Meteoris he referred to the elementals collectively as Sagani.[6] Comparison with Jainism[edit]
Radioactive Boy Scout | Weapons & Security In 2006 Thiago Olson joined the extremely sparse ranks of amateurs worldwide who have achieved nuclear fusion with a home apparatus. In other words, he built the business end of a hydrogen bomb in his basement. The plasma "star in a jar"—shown at the left—demonstrated his success. For two years, Olson researched what he would need and scrounged for parts from eBay and the hardware store. “I have cross-country and track, so during those seasons I don’t have much time to work on it,” says Olson, a highschool senior in Michigan. Olson’s apparatus won’t work for generating commercial power because it takes more energy to run than it produces. Robert Bussard, a nuclear physicist who has spent most of his career investigating fusion for both the government and private companies, applauds Olson’s ambition.
Classical element Segment of the macrocosm showing the elemental spheres of terra (earth), aqua (water), aer (air), and ignis (fire). Robert Fludd. 1617. Many philosophies and worldviews have a set of classical elements believed to reflect the simplest essential parts and principles of which anything can consist or upon which the constitution and fundamental powers of everything are based. Ancient[edit] Cosmic elements in Babylonia[edit] In Babylonian mythology, the cosmogony called Enûma Eliš, a text written between the 18th and 16th centuries BC, involves five gods that we might see as personified cosmic elements: sea, earth, sky, wind. Greece[edit] The Greek classical elements (Earth, Water, Air, Fire, and Aether) date from pre-Socratic times and persisted throughout the Middle Ages and into the Renaissance, deeply influencing European thought and culture. Plato characterizes the elements as being pre-Socratic in origin from a list created by the Sicilian philosopher Empedocles (ca. 450 BC). Egypt[edit]
Inertial electrostatic confinement A fusor, doing nuclear fusion in star mode Mechanism[edit] For every volt that an ion is accelerated across, it gains 11,604 degrees Kelvin. For example, a typical magnetic confinement fusion plasma is 15 keV, or 170 megakelvin. This is an illustration of the basic mechanism of fusion in fusors. (1) The fusor contains two concentric wire cages. History[edit] 1950s[edit] This picture shows the anode/cathode design for different IEC concepts and experiments. Three researchers at LANL including, Jim Tuck first explored the idea, theoretically, in a 1959 paper.[7] The idea had been purposed by a colleague.[8] The concept was to capture electrons inside a positive cage. Other concepts were being developed which would later merge into the IEC field. 1960s[edit] U.S. In his work with vacuum tubes, Philo Farnsworth observed that electric charge would accumulate in regions of the tube. 1980s[edit] In 1980 Robert W. 1990s[edit] 2000s[edit] In early 2000, Dr. 2010s[edit] Designs with cage[edit] Fusor[edit]
Sylph Alchemy and literature[edit] As alchemy derived from the Swiss German alchemist Paracelsus, alchemists and related movements, such as Rosicrucianism, continued to speak of sylphs in their hermetic literature. The first mainstream discussion of sylphs comes with Alexander Pope.[citation needed] In Rape of the Lock, Pope satirizes French Rosicrucian and alchemical writings when he invents a theory to explain the sylph. Willow, in Terry Brooks' Magic Kingdom of Landover series is a sylph and the wife of protagonist Ben Holiday. Fairy link[edit] Because of their association with the ballet La Sylphide, where sylphs are identified with fairies and the medieval legends of fairyland, as well as a confusion with other "airy spirits" (e.g., in William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream), a slender girl may be referred to as a sylph. Sylph has passed into general language as a term for minor spirits, elementals, or faeries of the air. See also[edit] References[edit]
Fusor - Wikipedia, l'encyclopédie libre A homemade fusor.[1] A fusor is a device that uses an electric field to heat ions to conditions suitable for nuclear fusion. The machine has a voltage between two metal cages inside a vacuum. Positive ions fall down this voltage drop, building up speed. A Farnsworth–Hirsch fusor is the most common type of fusor.[2] This design came from work by Philo T. Fusors have been built by various institutions. Mechanism[edit] For every volt that an ion is accelerated across, it gains 11,604 kelvin. This is an illustration of the basic mechanism of fusion in fusors. (1) The fusor contains two concentric wire cages. History[edit] U.S. See also, history of IEC The fusor was originally conceived by Philo T. What particularly interested Farnsworth about the device was its ability to focus electrons at a particular point. Design[edit] Farnsworth's original fusor designs were based on cylindrical arrangements of electrodes, like the original multipactors. Work at Farnsworth Television labs[edit] where:
Paracelsus Swiss physician, philosopher, theologian, and alchemist (c. 1493–1541) Paracelsus (; German: [paʁaˈtsɛlzʊs]; c. 1493[1] – 24 September 1541), born Theophrastus von Hohenheim (full name Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim[11][12]), was a Swiss[13] physician, alchemist, lay theologian, and philosopher of the German Renaissance.[14][15] He was a pioneer in several aspects of the "medical revolution" of the Renaissance, emphasizing the value of observation in combination with received wisdom. He is credited as the "father of toxicology".[16] Paracelsus also had a substantial impact as a prophet or diviner, his "Prognostications" being studied by Rosicrucians in the 1600s. Biography[edit] Early career[edit] The Louvre copy of the lost portrait by Quentin Matsys,[26] source of the iconographic tradition of "fat" Paracelsus.[27] Basel (1526–1528)[edit] In 1526, he bought the rights of citizenship in Strasbourg to establish his own practice. I cannot offer thee Later career[edit]
Tokamak Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Un tokamak est une chambre torique de confinement magnétique destinée à contrôler un plasma pour étudier la possibilité de la production d'énergie par fusion nucléaire. C'est une technologie de recherche expérimentale qui est, avec le confinement inertiel par laser, candidate pour permettre à long terme la production d'électricité en récupérant la chaleur qui serait produite par la réaction de fusion nucléaire. Inventé au début des années 1950 par les Russes Igor Tamm et Andreï Sakharov, le terme tokamak vient du russe « тороидальная камера с магнитными катушками » (toroïdalnaïa kamera s magnitnymi katushkami : en français, chambre toroïdale avec bobines magnétiques). Principe[modifier | modifier le code] Fusion nucléaire La fusion nucléaire permet à partir de deux atomes très légers (par exemple le deutérium et le tritium) de créer des atomes plus lourds. Conditions nécessaires[modifier | modifier le code] Avantages[modifier | modifier le code]
Alchemy The Emerald Tablet, a key text of Western Alchemy, in a 17th-century edition Alchemy is an influential philosophical tradition whose practitioners have, from antiquity, claimed it to be the precursor to profound powers. The defining objectives of alchemy are varied, but historically have typically included one or more of the following goals: the creation of the fabled philosopher's stone; the ability to transform base metals into the noble metals (gold or silver); and development of an elixir of life, which would confer youth and longevity. Overview[edit] Alchemy is the art of liberating parts of the Cosmos from temporal existence and achieving perfection which, for metals is gold, and for man, longevity, then immortality and, finally, redemption. Modern discussions of alchemy are generally split into an examination of its exoteric practical applications and its esoteric aspects. Relation to the science of chemistry[edit] Scientific apparatus in the alchemist's workshop, 1580 Q.
Polywell Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Le polywell est un procédé de confinement du plasma qui combine des éléments du confinement inertiel électrostatique et du confinement magnétique dans le but de produire de l'énergie par fusion nucléaire. Le nom polywell est un mot-valise regroupant polyhedron (polyèdre) et potential well (puits de potentiel). Le polywell est composé de bobinages d'électroaimant disposés selon une configuration polyédrique, au sein de laquelle les champs magnétiques assurent le confinement d'un nuage d'électrons. (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Polywell » (voir la liste des auteurs) Portail de la physique
Styx Etching of G. Doré The Styx (/stɪks/; Ancient Greek: Στύξ [stýkʰs], "Hate, Detest") is a river in Greek mythology that formed the boundary between Earth and the Underworld (often called Hades which is also the name of this domain's ruler). According to Herodotus the river Styx originates near Feneos.[1] The gods were bound by the Styx and swore oaths on it. In ancient times some believed that placing a coin in the mouth[3] of the deceased would help pay the toll for the ferry to help cross the Acheron river which would lead one to the entrance of the underworld. The variant spelling Stix was sometimes used in translations of Classical Greek before the 20th century.[4] By metonymy, the adjective stygian (/ˈstɪdʒiən/) came to refer to anything dark, dismal, and murky. Goddess[edit] Science[edit] See also[edit] Notes[edit] External links[edit]