The Blue Flower 1995 novel by Penelope Fitzgerald The Blue Flower is a 1995 novel by the British author Penelope Fitzgerald. It is a fictional treatment of the early life of Friedrich von Hardenberg who, under the pseudonym Novalis, later became a practitioner of German Romanticism. The novel was the first book published in paperback by Mariner Books, then a new imprint of Houghton Mifflin. In 2012 The Observer named The Blue Flower one of "the ten best historical novels".[3] Setting[edit] The novel is based on the life of Friedrich von Hardenberg (1772-1801) before he became famous under the name Novalis.[4] It covers the years from 1790 to 1797 when von Hardenberg was a student of history, philosophy and law at the universities of Jena, Leipzig and Wittenberg, and before he embarked on his professional life. Plot[edit] The blue flower of the novel's title is the subject of the first chapter of a story that von Hardenberg is writing. Background[edit] Reception and critical review[edit] Awards[edit]
Steppenwolf (novel) Steppenwolf (originally Der Steppenwolf) is the tenth novel by German-Swiss author Hermann Hesse. In 1924 Hermann Hesse married singer Ruth Wenger. After several weeks, however, he left Basel, only returning near the end of the year. Upon his return he rented a separate apartment, adding to his isolation. After a short trip to Germany with Wenger, Hesse stopped seeing her almost completely. Hesse began writing Steppenwolf in Basel, and finished it in Zürich. The book is presented as a manuscript written by its protagonist, a middle-aged man named Harry Haller, who leaves it to a chance acquaintance, the nephew of his landlady. As the story begins, the hero is beset by reflections on his being ill-suited for the world of everyday, regular people, specifically for frivolous bourgeois society. By chance, Harry encounters the man who gave him the book, just as the man has attended a funeral. Character relationship diagram The Black Ice, by Michael Connelly, has J. Caledonian Antisyzygy
Jolande Jacobi Introduction to concept on collective and individual ego functions in the basic working of the psychological basis functions (feeling, thinking, sensing and intuiting) C.G. Jung Jolande Jacobi (25 March 1890 – 1 April 1973) was a Swiss psychologist, best remembered for her work with Carl Jung, and for her writings on Jungian psychology. Life and career[edit] Born in Budapest, Hungary (then under Austria-Hungary) as Jolande Szekacs, she became known as Jolande Jacobi after her marriage at the age of nineteen to Andor Jacobi.[1] She spent part of her life in Budapest (until 1919), part in Vienna (until 1938) and part in Zurich. Writing[edit] Controversy[edit] In the sixties, Jacobi was involved in a controversy at the Zurich Institute involving the question of boundary violations with a patient on the part of the analyst James Hillman, something to which Jacobi took strong exception. Criticism[edit] Works include[edit] Jacobi, J. Jacobi, J. Jacobi, J. (1942) The Psychology of C.G.
Adalbert Stifter Adalbert Stifter (German: [ˈʃtɪftɐ]; 23 October 1805 – 28 January 1868) was an Austrian writer, poet, painter, and pedagogue. He was especially notable for the vivid natural landscapes depicted in his writing and has long been popular in the German-speaking world, while remaining almost entirely unknown to English readers. Life[edit] The house where Adalbert Stifter was born in Horní Planá Instead of becoming a state official, he became a tutor to the aristocrats of Vienna, and was highly regarded as such. Stifter visited Linz in 1848, and moved there permanently a year later, where he became editor of the Linzer Zeitung and the Wiener Bote. His physical and mental health began to decline in 1863, and he became seriously ill from cirrhosis of the liver in 1867. Work[edit] Stifter's study in his Linz house Stifter's work is characterized by the pursuit of beauty; his characters strive to be moral and move in gorgeous landscapes luxuriously described. Influence[edit] Recent production[edit]
Novalis German poet and writer Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr von Hardenberg (2 May 1772 – 25 March 1801), better known by his pen name Novalis (German pronunciation: [noˈvaːlɪs]), was an 18th-century German aristocrat, poet, author, mystic and philosopher of Early German Romanticism. Novalis was born into a minor aristocratic family in Electoral Saxony. He was the second of eleven children; his early household observed a strict Pietist faith. Novalis's early reputation as a romantic poet was primarily based on his literary works, which were published by his friends Friedrich Schlegel and Ludwig Tieck shortly after his death, in 1802. The depth of Novalis's knowledge in fields like philosophy and natural science has only come to be more broadly appreciated with the more extensive publication of his notebooks in the twentieth century. Biography[edit] Birth and early background[edit] Novalis's early education was strongly influenced by Pietism. Coat-of-arms of the Hardenberg family Legacy[edit]
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing German Enlightenment writer (1729–1781) Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (, German: [ˈɡɔthɔlt ˈʔeːfʁa.ɪm ˈlɛsɪŋ] ; 22 January 1729 – 15 February 1781) was a German philosopher, dramatist, publicist and art critic, and a representative of the Enlightenment era. His plays and theoretical writings substantially influenced the development of German literature. Life[edit] Lessing was born in Kamenz, a small town in Saxony, to Johann Gottfried Lessing and Justine Salome Feller. It was here that his relationship with Karoline Neuber, a famous German actress, began. From 1748 to 1760, Lessing lived in Leipzig and Berlin. In 1765, Lessing returned to Berlin, leaving in 1767 to work for three years at the Hamburg National Theatre. In 1770, Lessing became librarian at the ducal library, now the Herzog August Library (Herzog-August-Bibliothek, Bibliotheca Augusta), in Wolfenbüttel under the commission of the Duke of Brunswick. Works[edit] Early in his life, Lessing showed interest in the theatre.
Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi Jacobi was the first Jewish mathematician to be appointed professor at a German university.[3] Biography[edit] In 1821 Jacobi went to study at the Berlin University, where initially he divided his attention between his passions for philology and mathematics. In philology he participated in the seminars of Böckh, drawing the professor's attention with his talent. Jacobi did not follow a lot of mathematics classes at the University, as the low level of mathematics in Germany at the time rendered them too elementary for him. However, he continued with his private study of the more advanced works of Euler, Lagrange and Laplace. In 1827 he became a professor and in 1829, a tenured professor of mathematics at Königsberg University, and held the chair until 1842. Jacobi suffered a breakdown from overwork in 1843. Scientific contributions[edit] One of Jacobi's greatest accomplishments was his theory of elliptic functions and their relation to the elliptic theta function. Publications[edit]
Johann Timotheus Hermes Johann Timotheus Hermes (31 May 1738 – 24 July 1821) was a German poet, novelist and Protestant theologian.[1] Life[edit] Provenance[edit] Johann Timotheus Hermes was born in Petznick, a small village near Stargard in Western Pomerania. He had an elder brother, Hermann Daniel Hermes (1734–1807), who would attain a certain level of notability as a theologian.[3] Professional employment[edit] The writer[edit] Published output Geschichte der Miss Fanny Wilkes (1766)Sophiens Reise von Memel nach Sachsen (1769-1773) Vol 1, Leipzig 1778, 634 pagesFür Töchter edler Herkunft (1787)Manch Hermäon im eigentlichen Sinn des Wortes (1788)Für Eltern und Ehelustige (1789)Zween literarische Märtyrer und deren Frauen (1789)Lieder für die besten bekannten Kirchenmelodien nebst 12 Kommunion-Andachten (1800)Anne Winterfeld (1801)Verheimlichung und Eil oder Lottchens und ihrer Nachbarn Geschichte (1802)Mutter, Amme und Kind in der Geschichte Herrn Leopold Kerkers (1809) References[edit]