George Santayana Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, known as George Santayana (December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952), was a philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist. A lifelong Spanish citizen, Santayana was raised and educated in the United States and identified himself as an American, although he always kept a valid Spanish passport.[1] He wrote in English and is generally considered an American man of letters. At the age of forty-eight, Santayana left his position at Harvard and returned to Europe permanently, never to return to the United States. Santayana is known for famous sayings, such as "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it",[2] and "[O]nly the dead have seen the end of war." Biography[edit] Early life[edit] Born Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás on December 16, 1863 in Madrid, he spent his early childhood in Ávila, Spain. Education[edit] Travels[edit] Philosophical work and publications[edit] Man of letters[edit] Awards[edit] Legacy[edit]
Theatre Productions and Players, 1920s-1957: Vandamm Studio Photographs Collection History The Vandamm archive documents almost comprehensively three decades of theatrical history in New York. Florence and Tommy Vandamm, married in 1918, moved to New York from London in the 1920s when their portrait studio business declined after the war. Related Resources Henderson, Mary C. Thomas, Robert S. Library Division(s) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Home | About Oxford DNB | What's new | Subscriber services | Contact us | Help Current version: September 2012 Subscriber login > Forgotten your password? Library card login > Does my library subscribe? > Login with Athens > Login via your home institution > Login with ClickandBuy > How do I subscribe? Oxford DNB resources > For librarians > For teachers and students > For reading groups More from Oxford > American National Biography > Who’s Who > Biography Index > More from Oxford Online 58,326 biographies ... 67 million words ... 10,972 portraits The Oxford DNB: the people who shaped the history of the British Isles and beyond > More about Oxford DNB Online How to subscribe | Use your library's subscription | Latest update: September 2012 In print 60 volumes, 60,000 pages for your permanent archive > More about the printed edition Lives of the week Today's life Key to the Bank Featured in September : Modern churches, Black & Asian lives Highlights and Introduction Full list of 124 new lives
United States and Brazil: Building the Digital Collections / Brasil e Estados Unidos: Construindo as Coleções Digitais The United States and Brazil: Expanding Frontiers, Comparing Cultures digital collection comprises multiple formats from throughout the collections of the Library of Congress and its partner institution, the National Library of Brazil. The collection includes printed matter in Portuguese, English, and other languages, some foldout illustrations or maps; handwritten manuscripts; pictorial materials (mainly watercolors); and cartographic materials. The variety of original formats required specialized digitization for each format and scanning and post-processing input from many members of the Library’s Digital Conversion Group. The production of this digital collection proceeded under format digitization standards as developed by the Library of Congress's American Memory program. Specific scanning information is provided for each format. All online items are described and searchable individually in both MARC and non-MARC bibliographic record databases. Printed Material | Manuscripts | Maps
michigan / 23 / 03 / 2009 / News / Home The University of Michigan Press is announcing today that it will shift its scholarly publishing from being primarily a traditional print operation to one that is primarily digital. Within two years, press officials expect well over 50 of the 60-plus monographs that the press publishes each year -- currently in book form -- to be released only in digital editions. Readers will still be able to use print-on-demand systems to produce versions that can be held in their hands, but the press will consider the digital monograph the norm. Many university presses are experimenting with digital publishing, but the Michigan announcement may be the most dramatic to date by a major university press. The shift by Michigan comes at a time that university presses are struggling. Michigan officials say that their move reflects a belief that it's time to stop trying to make the old economics of scholarly publishing work. Teresa A. Sanford G.
PADI - Digitisation Limit to: Digital imaging Digitisation refers to the conversion of non-digital material to digital form (ie a form which uses a binary numerical code to represent variables). A wide variety of materials as diverse as maps, manuscripts, moving images and sound may be digitised. While digitisation offers great advantages for access, allowing users to find, retrieve, study and manipulate material, reliance on digitisation as a preservation strategy could place much material at risk. Rapid obsolescence of digital technologies and media instability render the digitised object vulnerable to loss. While digitisation has sometimes been proposed as having a preservation advantage in terms of deflecting use from originals, it has also been asserted that enhanced awareness of a resource will result in greater demand for the originals. The high costs associated with maintaining access to and describing digitised items make it sensible to consider long-term access at the point of capture. Proc.
University professors turn to the blogosphere, for classes and r Correction Appended: An earlier version of this story misidentified the title of Mark Perry, a professor of economics and finance at the School of Management at the University's Flint campus. Jed Moch/Daily University of Michigan professor, Fara Warner, updates her blog and interacts with students at Starbucks on South University. More like this The booming blogosphere is a world dominated by celebrity gossip, confessionals and radical opinions. In recent years, academics across the country have started using blogs to relay information and ideas. “It’s been extraordinarily successful,” said Brian Porter-Szucs, an associate history professor, who has students blog their responses to class readings. Porter-Szucs said he decided to include blogging in his classes after reading one of his 15-year-old daughter’s homework assignments. “My suspicions were confirmed,” he said. Communications Studies Prof. “Blogging, for me, is a piece of journalism,” said Warner.
Civil War Maps - Building the Digital Collection Map Images Background Information The Library's Web display of very large digital files is accomplished by using a wavelet compression technology made available to the Library of Congress by LizardTech. The multi-resolution seamless image database (MrSID) software used for the storage and retrieval of large digital images is a result of the research efforts at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The unique feature of MrSID is its ability to decompress only that portion of the image requested by the user. For additional information visit LizardTech's web site. Scanning Cartographic Materials Library of Congress The digital images were created by staff in the Geography and Map Division by scanning the original map on a large-format (24 x 36 inches) flatbed scanner using a RGB (red-green-blue) 24-bit CCD color sensor (16.8 million colors). Each raster image is produced by scanning the item at a resolution of 300 dots-per-inch and converting the resulting proprietary file format to TIFF format.
The Chicago Manual of Style Online: Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide The Chicago Manual of Style presents two basic documentation systems: (1) notes and bibliography and (2) author-date. Choosing between the two often depends on subject matter and the nature of sources cited, as each system is favored by different groups of scholars. The notes and bibliography style is preferred by many in the humanities, including those in literature, history, and the arts. The author-date system has long been used by those in the physical, natural, and social sciences. Aside from the use of notes versus parenthetical references in the text, the two systems share a similar style. Notes and Bibliography: Sample Citations The following examples illustrate citations using the notes and bibliography system. Book One author 1. 2. Pollan, Michael. Two or more authors 1. 2. Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. For four or more authors, list all of the authors in the bibliography; in the note, list only the first author, followed by et al. 1. 2. 1. 2. Lattimore, Richmond, trans. 1.
TASI :: Advice | Creating Digital Images | Scanners This document details the features of the typical flatbed scanner and what to look out for when choosing one for a digitisation project. A scanner is a device that is used to capture objects by scanning them which produces a digital image file which can then be used in a number of ways to support research and teaching and learning. A scanner is used when capturing objects, slides and photographs. The large fall in the cost of scanners over the last decade means that they are no longer the specialist item they once were. Before examining the different types of scanner, lets take a look at the underlying technology and consider some of the issues that need to be considered when choosing and using them. All scanners have the following components in common: an optical system, a light sensor, an interface and driver software. Choosing a scanner Before choosing a scanner for a specific task you should consider: How large are the images to be scanned? Scanner advantages Scanner disadvantages
France in America: Building the Digital Collections / La France en Amérique: Building the Digital Collections (En Englais seulment) The France in America digital collection currently comprises multiple formats from throughout the collections of the Library of Congress and its partner institution, the Bibliothèque nationale de France. The collection includes printed matter in French, English and other languages, some with foldout illustrations or maps; handwritten manuscript material; pictorial material; and bound and unbound cartographic materials. The variety of original formats required specialized digitization for each format and scanning and post-processing contributions from many members of the Digital Conversion Group. The production of this digital collection proceeded under format digitization standards as developed by the Library of Congress’s American Memory program. The Bibliothèque nationale de France digitized materials from its collections according to their specifications. Specifications for Library of Congress Digitization: Printed Material | Manuscripts | Maps Printed Material: Manuscripts: Maps: