Surrealism

Surrealism originated in the late 1910s and early '20s as a literary movement that experimented with a new mode of expression called automatic writing, or automatism, which sought to release the unbridled imagination of the subconscious. Officially consecrated in Paris in 1924 with the publication of the Manifesto of Surrealism by the poet and critic André Breton (1896–1966), Surrealism became an international intellectual and political movement. Breton, a trained psychiatrist, along with French poets Louis Aragon (1897–1982), Paul Éluard (1895–1952), and Philippe Soupault (1897–1990), were influenced by the psychological theories and dream studies of Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) and the political ideas of Karl Marx (1818–1883). Using Freudian methods of free association, their poetry and prose drew upon the private world of the mind, traditionally restricted by reason and societal limitations, to produce surprising, unexpected imagery.

Synopsis Biographie | Salvador Dalí | Espace Dalí Nul ne peut mettre en doute l'estime générale accordée à Dalí: demandez à l'homme de la rue de vous indiquer un artiste moderne, et vous pouvez être sûr qu'il citera son nom. mais tout le monde ne le connaît pas de la même façon : apprécié comme "showman" et comme un des plus grands artistes de ce siècle, Dalí sera loué pour son habilité technique et par ceux qui connaissent ses œuvres les plus populaires et apprécient son imagination luxuriante. Tous semblent connaître les montres molles apparaissant dans ses peintures même si, souvent, le titre La Persistance de la mémoire, leur échappe. - A.Fiel Dalí sculpture collection, 2005. La jeunesse de Dalí : 1904-1915 Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí y Doménech naît le 11 mai 1904 à Figueras, au nord de la Catalogne. Un être marqué par son enfance Ses parents avaient perdu leur premier garçon, également prénommé Salvador.

Surrealism definition Surrealism was an artistic and literary movement, dedicated to expressing the imagination as revealed in dreams, free of the conscious control of reason and convention. Surrealism inherited an anti-rationalist sensibility from Dada, and was shaped by emerging theories on our perception of reality, especially Sigmund Freud's model of the subconscious. The Movement was founded in Paris in 1924 by André Breton with his Manifesto of Surrealism. There was no single style of Surrealist art but two broad types can be seen. Key Ideas Dali sculpteur | Salvador Dalí | Espace Dalí Le souhait de Dalí était de traduire en volume et matière solide les fétiches et obsessions issus de son inconscient. C'est ainsi qu'il restitua sous forme de sculptures les grands thèmes de son œuvre picturale. La collection ici présentée comprend plus d'une quinzaine de sculptures conférant à l'exposition son statut de plus importante collection en France. Dans la Vie secrète, l'un de ses récits autobiographiques, Salvador Dalí raconte qu'enfant il fit un modelage de la Vénus de Milo car elle figurait sur sa boîte de crayons : ce fut son premier essai de sculpture. Dès les années 1930, Dalí s'essaye à la troisième dimension. En tant qu'artiste surréaliste tentant de traduire l'inconscient, les rêves, les sentiments, et dans la lignée de Marcel Duchamp avec ses ready-made (Fontaine, 1917), il s'intéresse à l'art de « l'objet », utilisant des matériaux et des matières inattendues. Progressivement, Dalí revient à une technique traditionnelle. **Technique de la fonte à la cire perdue:

Surrealism Surrealism was an artistic, intellectual, and literary movement led by poet André Breton from 1924 through World War II. The Surrealists sought to overthrow the oppressive rules of society by demolishing its backbone of rational thought. To do so, they attempted to tap into the “superior reality” of the subconscious mind. “Completely against the tide,” said Breton, “in a violent reaction against the impoverishment and sterility of thought processes that resulted from centuries of rationalism, we turned toward the marvelous and advocated it unconditionally.” Cut-and-pasted gelatin silver prints, cut-and-pasted printed paper, pencil, and pencil frottage on paper, 19 3/4 x 13 1/4″ (50.1 x 33.6 cm). Many of the tenets of , including an emphasis on , experimental uses of language, and , had been present to some degree in the movement that preceded it. Dada & Surrealism Man Ray. André Breton, Manifestoes of Surrealism, translated from the French by Richard Seaver and Helen R.

Beginnings The Origins of Surrealism The Origins of Surrealism This Website is Best Viewed Using Firefox Historical Origins of The Surrealist Art Movement Last Updated: August 2011. By Charles Moffat. Edited by Suzanne MacNevin. See also "The Major Works of DADA & Surrealism, including Influences". Sometimes through history, something comes along that changes everything as it has been known thus far. The Surrealist art movement stemmed from the earlier Dada movement. The Surrealist movement started in Europe in the 1920’s, after World War I with its nucleus in Paris. Surrealism is defined as “Psychic automatism in its pure state by which we propose to express- verbally, in writing, or in any other manner- the real process of thought. Surrealists believed in the innocent eye, that art was created in the unconscious mind (Mak 1). Surrealists strongly embraced the ideas of Sigmund Freud. Surrealism drew elements from Cubism and Expressionism, and used some of the same techniques from the Dada movement (Leslie 4).

René Magritte René Magritte 1898-1967 Belgian Surrealist painter. Born at Lessines. Studied at the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Brussels 1916-18, and settled in Brussels. Made his living for a time by designing wallpaper and drawing fashion advertisements. Became very friendly with poets and writers such as Mesens, Goemans, Scutenaire and Nougé, who shared his interest in evoking mystery and were later the founders of the Belgian Surrealist group. Published in: Ronald Alley, Catalogue of the Tate Gallery's Collection of Modern Art other than Works by British Artists, Tate Gallery and Sotheby Parke-Bernet, London 1981, p.460

Quotes Surrealism and Freudian Theory The Marvelous Mind of Surrealism In the Surrealist Manifesto of 1924, André Breton wrote, “I believe in the future resolution of these two states — outwardly so contradictory — which are dream and reality, into a sort of absolute reality, a surreality, so to speak, I am aiming for its conquest, certain that I myself shall not attain it, but too indifferent to my death not to calculate the joys of such possession.” He continued, “For the time being, “my intention has been to see that justice was done to that hatred of the marvellous which rages in certain men, that ridicule under which they would like to crush it. Let us resolve, therefore: the Marvellous is always beautiful, everything marvellous is beautiful. The question was how find this “superior reality,” how to get to the unconscious part of the mind, always guarded by the waking disciplined mind. Artists had long used dreams, visions and their own inner reality as a source for making art. Dr. info@arthistoryunstuffed.com

Rene Magritte - paintings, biography, quotes of Rene Magritte