The Python Tutorial — Python v2.7.1 documentation Python is an easy to learn, powerful programming language. It has efficient high-level data structures and a simple but effective approach to object-oriented programming. Python’s elegant syntax and dynamic typing, together with its interpreted nature, make it an ideal language for scripting and rapid application development in many areas on most platforms. The Python interpreter and the extensive standard library are freely available in source or binary form for all major platforms from the Python Web site, and may be freely distributed. The Python interpreter is easily extended with new functions and data types implemented in C or C++ (or other languages callable from C). This tutorial introduces the reader informally to the basic concepts and features of the Python language and system. For a description of standard objects and modules, see The Python Standard Library. The Glossary is also worth going through.
Python2 New to programming? Python is free and easy to learn if you know where to start! This guide will help you to get started quickly. Chinese Translation/中文版入门 New to Python? Read BeginnersGuide/Overview for a short explanation of what Python is. Getting Python Next, install the Python 3 interpreter on your computer. There are also Python interpreter and IDE bundles available, such as Thonny. At some stage, you'll want to edit and save your program code. Learning Python Next, read a tutorial and try some simple experiments with your new Python interpreter. If you have never programmed before, see BeginnersGuide/NonProgrammers for a list of suitable tutorials. Most tutorials assume that you know how to run a program on your computer. Some sites offer in-browser coding for those who want to learn Python: Print a cheat sheet of the most important Python features and post it to your office wall until you know the basics well. Need Help? Need help with any of this? Complete list of Beginner's Guide pages
Python Note: This is a multi-page article.To navigate, use the drop-down lists and arrow keys at the top and bottom of each page. Introduction Python is a popular, free, cross-platform, open-source computer programming language that is in wide use. It has no licensing restrictions that would prevent its use in commercial projects. It has a rich set of libraries for scientific and technical applications. Quick Tour Readers may simply browse this section, but I recommmend that people download and install Python to be able to run the examples firsthand. Python Scripts To create a Python script, first create a plain-text file, give it a suffix of ".py" and enter these lines: #! Conclusion There is so much published on the topic of Python that I have decided to limit my introduction to things I thought were shortchanged in other presentations. Resources
The Loginataka: Dialogue between a Guru and a Newbie Translations: Czech Speak, O Guru: How can I become a Unix Wizard? O, Nobly Born: know that the Way to Wizardhood is long, and winding, and Fraught with Risks. Thou must Attune thyself with the Source, attaining the arcane Knowledge and Conversation of the System Libraries and Internals. Yea; and such an all-consuming Time and Energy Sink is this as to greatly Imperil thy Grade Point Average (if one thou hast), not to mention thy Sex Life (if one thou hast). But persevere, oh Larval One; rewards beyond the Dreams of Lusers await thee! Speak, O Guru: What books should I study? O, Nobly Born: know that the Nutshell Guides are but the outermost Portal of the True Enlightenment. If thou desirest with True Desire to tread the Path of Wizardly Wisdom, first learn the elementary Postures of Kernighan & Pike's The Unix Programming Environment; then, absorb the mantic puissance of March Rochkind's Advanced Unix Programming and W. Immerse thyself, then, in the Pure Light of Maurice J.
Python1 Welcome! Are you completely new to programming? If not then we presume you will be looking for information about why and how to get started with Python. Fortunately an experienced programmer in any programming language (whatever it may be) can pick up Python very quickly. It's also easy for beginners to use and learn, so jump in! Installing Python is generally easy, and nowadays many Linux and UNIX distributions include a recent Python. If you want to know whether a particular application, or a library with particular functionality, is available in Python there are a number of possible sources of information. If you have a question, it's a good idea to try the FAQ, which answers the most commonly asked questions about Python. If you want to help to develop Python, take a look at the developer area for further information.
How to be a Programmer Debugging is the cornerstone of being a programmer. The first meaning of the verb to debug is to remove errors, but the meaning that really matters is to see into the execution of a program by examining it. A programmer that cannot debug effectively is blind. Idealists that think design, or analysis, or complexity theory, or whatnot, are more fundamental are not working programmers. The working programmer does not live in an ideal world. Debugging is about the running of programs, not programs themselves. To get visibility into the execution of a program you must be able to execute the code and observe something about it. The common ways of looking into the ‘innards’ of an executing program can be categorized as: Using a debugging tool, Printlining --- Making a temporary modification to the program, typically adding lines that print information out, and Logging --- Creating a permanent window into the programs execution in the form of a log. How to Debug by Splitting the Problem Space
The Art of Unix Programming You can browse my newest book here. If you like it, please order a paper copy. You can get it from Amazon or Barnes & Noble, or direct from Addison-Wesley. The Art of Unix Programming attempts to capture the engineering wisdom and philosophy of the Unix community as it's applied today — not merely as it has been written down in the past, but as a living "special transmission, outside the scriptures" passed from guru to guru. Accordingly, the book doesn't focus so much on "what" as on "why", showing the connection between Unix philosophy and practice through case studies in widely available open-source software. If you're using Opera 5, be aware that it has problems rendering some of the HTML in the browseable version linked above. Revisions for the first print edition are now closed. Instructions for reviewers are here. I have written some notes for translators. Raves: 123456789 Friendly: 12345678910 Pans: 12
SelfHTML SELFHTML stellt seit 1995 eine deutschsprachige Dokumentation zu HTML und verwandten Technologien zur Verfügung. Wir möchten dabei besonders … Anfängern die Grundlagen vermitteln und Kurse in deutscher Sprache anbieten Fortgeschrittenen ein Nachschlagewerk bereitstellen Everyone’s a publisher/wiki/SELFHTML#Everyone.E2.80.99s_a_publisher SELFHTML gehört seit vielen Jahren zu den bekanntesten Dokumentationen über das Erstellen von Web-Seiten. Fertige Content Management Systeme, soziale Netzwerke und andere Plattformen bieten dafür ebenfalls Mittel an. Wollen Sie aber eine individuelle Webseite gestalten, müssen Sie sich mit den grundlegenden Werkzeugen vertraut machen. Für Fragen zum Inhalt und Diskussionen steht das SELFHTML-Forum zur Verfügung.
Home Automation One of my early "personal computers" (1980). Among urban legends , one of the most persistent is that "real soon now" we'll have computer-controlled houses with refrigerators that tell us what we forgot to buy, coffee makers that spring to life unbidden and lights that turn themselves on when we enter a room. I've always been an early adopter — someone who likes to experiment with gadgets before they're ready for life outside the laboratory. About thirty years ago I heard about a high-tech replacement for a wall switch — a gadget that would turn your lights on and off by remote control. I already had a "personal computer" in my house, and it occurred to me that I could get the computer to talk to the house. An X-10 wall switch. Note the two dials at the top -- one for House Code, one for Unit Code. The problems with the X-10 system quickly became apparent: Any sources of electrical noise tended to interfere with the control signals. A brief digression. An Insteon control. I was astonished.
Why Python? My first look at Python was an accident, and I didn't much like what I saw at the time. It was early 1997, and Mark Lutz's book Programming Python from O'Reilly & Associates had recently come out. O'Reilly books occasionally land on my doorstep, selected from among the new releases by some mysterious benefactor inside the organization using a random process I've given up trying to understand. One of them was Programming Python. I had already heard just enough about Python to know that it is what is nowadays called a “scripting language”, an interpretive language with its own built-in memory management and good facilities for calling and cooperating with other programs. Perl, of course, is the 800-pound gorilla of modern scripting languages. At that time, I had used Perl for a number of small projects. I immediately tripped over the first odd feature of Python that everyone notices: the fact that whitespace (indentation) is actually significant in the language syntax. Listing 1 Listing 2
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