Surrealism Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early 1920s, and is best known for its visual artworks and writings. The aim was to "resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality." Artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes with photographic precision, created strange creatures from everyday objects and developed painting techniques that allowed the unconscious to express itself and/or an idea/concept.[1] Surrealist works feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions and non sequitur; however, many Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost, with the works being an artifact. Surrealism developed out of the Dada activities during World War I and the most important center of the movement was Paris. Founding of the movement[edit] The group aimed to revolutionize human experience, in its personal, cultural, social, and political aspects. Surrealist Manifesto[edit] Expansion[edit]
Roland Topor Roland Topor (January 7, 1938 – April 16, 1997), was a French illustrator, painter, writer, filmmaker and actor, known for the surreal nature of his work. He was of Polish-Jewish origin and spent the early years of his life in Savoy where his family hid him from the Nazi peril. Literature[edit] In 1965 David De Silva (Becca Productions Ltd) bought the film rights to "The Tenant" for $15,000 and sent the novel to Roman Polanski in the hope that he would consider directing it. De Silva made the mistake of phoning Polanski from New York around 7PM which would be just about midnight London time. Songs[edit] Roland Topor wrote two songs for Megumi Satsu, "Je m'aime" and "Monte dans mon Ambulance". Cinema[edit] With René Laloux, Topor made "The Dead Times" ("Les Temps morts", 1964), "The Snails" ("Les Escargots", 1965) and their most famous work, the feature length La Planète Sauvage (1973). Chronology[edit] 1974 – Topor has a cameo in Dusan Makavejev's Sweet Movie. References[edit]
The chess games of Vladimir Malakhov Vladimir Malakhov Number of games in database: 1,115 Years covered: 1992 to 2014 Last FIDE rating: 2717Highest rating achieved in database: 2732Overall record: +418 -123 =413 (65.5%)* * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games Based on games in the database; may be incomplete. 161 exhibition games, odds games, etc. are excluded from this statistic. NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?] V Malakhov vs Areshchenko, 2005 1-0 Svidler vs V Malakhov, 2009 0-1 Eljanov vs V Malakhov, 2009 0-1 D Bubalovic vs V Malakhov, 1996 0-1 V Malakhov vs P H Nielsen, 2003 1-0 V Malakhov vs W So, 2009 1-0 Jobava vs V Malakhov, 2012 0-1 E Shaposhnikov vs V Malakhov, 2007 0-1 V Malakhov vs E Shaposhnikov, 2001 1-0 H S Gretarsson vs V Malakhov, 2011 0-1 WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS: [what is this?] Spot an error?
Edvard Munch Edvard Munch (Norwegian: [ˈɛdvɑʈ muŋk] ( Life[edit] Childhood[edit] Edvard Munch was born in a rustic farmhouse in the village of Ådalsbruk in Løten, Norway, to Laura Catherine Bjølstad and Christian Munch, the son of a priest. Christian was a doctor and medical officer who married Laura, a woman half his age, in 1861. Edvard had an elder sister, Johanne Sophie, and three younger siblings: Peter Andreas, Laura Catherine, and Inger Marie. The family moved to Christiania (now Oslo) in 1864 when Christian Munch was appointed medical officer at Akershus Fortress. Christian's positive behavior toward his children was overshadowed by his morbid pietism. Christian Munch's military pay was very low, and his attempts at developing a private side practice failed, keeping his family in perennial poverty.[2] They moved frequently from one sordid flat to another. Studies and influences[edit] Self Portrait with Skeleton Arm, 1895 Paris[edit] Berlin[edit] Edvard Munch 1902 The Scream[edit]
Chris Marker His friend and sometime collaborator Alain Resnais has called him "the prototype of the twenty-first-century man."[2] Film theorist Roy Armes has said of him: "Marker is unclassifiable because he is unique...The French Cinema has its dramatists and its poets, its technicians, and its autobiographers, but only has one true essayist: Chris Marker."[2] Early life[edit] During this time period, Marker began to travel around the world as a journalist and photographer, a vocation he would continue the rest of his life. Early career (1950–1961)[edit] During his early journalism career, Marker became increasingly interested in filmmaking and experimented with photography in the early 1950s. In 1952 Marker made his first film, Olympia 52, a 16mm feature documentary about the 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games. After working on the commentary for Resnais' film Le mystère de l'atelier quinze in 1957, Marker continued to form his own cinematic style with the feature documentary Letter from Siberia.
Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born on October 25, 1881 to Don José Ruiz Blasco (1838-1939) and Doña Maria Picasso y Lopez (1855-1939). The family at the time resided in Málaga, Spain, where Don José, a painter himself, taught drawing at the local school of Fine Arts and Crafts. Pablo spent the first ten years of his life there. The family was far from rich, and when 2 other children were born -- Dolorès ("Lola") in 1884 and Concepción ("Conchita") in 1887 -- it was often difficult to make ends meet. When Don José was offered a better-paid job, he accepted it immediately, and the Picassos moved to the provincial capital of La Coruna, where they lived for the next four years. In 1895 Don José got a professorship at “La Lonja”, the School of Fine Arts in Barcelona, and the family settled there. “Unlike in music, there are no child prodigies in painting.
Vincent van Gogh Vincent Willem van Gogh (Dutch: [ˈvɪnsɛnt ˈʋɪləm vɑn ˈɣɔx] ( );[note 1] 30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Post-Impressionist painter of Dutch origin whose work—notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty, and bold color—had a far-reaching influence on 20th-century art. After years of painful anxiety and frequent bouts of mental illness,[1][2] he died aged 37 from a gunshot wound, generally accepted to be self-inflicted (although no gun was ever found).[3][note 2] Letters Vincent c. 1873 aged 19. Although many are undated, art historians have generally been able to put them in chronological order. Biography Early life Vincent c. 1866, approx. age 13 As a child, Vincent was serious, silent, and thoughtful. The house "Holme Court" in Isleworth, where Van Gogh stayed in 1876 [23][24] Van Gogh returned to England for unpaid work as a supply teacher in a small boarding school overlooking the harbor in Ramsgate, where he made sketches of the view. Etten, Drenthe and The Hague Emerging artist
Minimalism (visual arts) Jean Metzinger, following the Succès de scandale created from the Cubist showing at the 1911 Salon des Indépendants, in an interview with Cyril Berger published in Paris-Journal 29 May 1911, stated: We cubists have only done our duty by creating a new rhythm for the benefit of humanity. Others will come after us who will do the same. What will they find? Metzinger's (then) audacious prediction that artists would take abstraction to its logical conclusion by vacating representational subject matter entirely and returning to what Metzinger calls the "primordial white unity", a "completely white canvas" would be realized two years later. Monochrome painting was initiated at the first Incoherent arts' exhibition in 1882 in Paris, with a black painting by poet Paul Bilhaud entitled "Combat de Nègres dans un tunnel" (Negroes fight in a tunnel).
Max Ernst Max Ernst (2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976) was a German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and Surrealism. Biography[edit] Early life[edit] Max Ernst was born in Brühl, near Cologne, the third of nine children of a middle-class Catholic family. In 1914 Ernst met Hans Arp in Cologne. Dada and surrealism[edit] Ernst was demobilized in 1918 and returned to Cologne. Ernst and Luise's son Ulrich 'Jimmy' Ernst was born on 24 June 1920;[4] he also became a painter. Although apparently accepting the ménage à trois at first, Éluard eventually became more concerned about the affair. The next year he collaborated with Joan Miró on designs for Sergei Diaghilev. Ernst developed a fascination with birds that was prevalent in his work. World War II and later life[edit] L'Ange du Foyer, (1937) His marriage to Guggenheim did not last, and in Beverly Hills, California in October 1946, in a double ceremony with Man Ray and Juliet P.