Axel Honneth Axel Honneth (German: [aksl̩ ˈhɔnɛt]; born July 18, 1949) is a professor of philosophy at both the University of Frankfurt and Columbia University. He is also director of the Institut für Sozialforschung (Institute for Social Research) in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Biography[edit] Honneth was born in Essen, West Germany on July 18, 1949, studied in Bonn, Bochum, Berlin and Munich (under Jürgen Habermas), and taught at the Free University of Berlin and the New School before moving to the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University of Frankfurt in 1996. In 2001, he became director of the Institute for Social Research, originally home to the so-called Frankfurt School, at the University of Frankfurt. Since 2011, he is also Jack C. Research[edit] Honneth's work focuses on social-political and moral philosophy, especially relations of power, recognition, and respect. Works translated into English[edit] Secondary Sources Notes[edit] See also[edit] External links[edit]
Max Horkheimer First published Wed Jun 24, 2009; substantive revision Sun Jul 21, 2013 Max Horkheimer (1895–1973) was a leader of the “Frankfurt School,” a group of philosophers and social scientists associated with the Institut für Sozialforschung (Institute of Social Research) in Frankfurt am Main. Horkheimer was the director of the Institute and Professor of Social Philosophy at the University of Frankfurt from 1930–1933, and again from 1949–1958. 1. Max Horkheimer was born into a conservative Jewish family on February 14, 1895, the only son of Moritz and Babette Horkheimer. In the spring of 1919, after failing an army physical, Horkheimer began studies at the University of Munich, and transferred to the University of Frankfurt a semester later. The most important moments of Horkheimer's early academic career would come in 1930. This program was obstructed from the very beginning by social-political unrest. With the end of WWII, Horkheimer gradually considered moving back to Germany. 2. 2.1.
Ludwig Wittgenstein Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1930 Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (* 26. April 1889 in Wien; † 29. April 1951 in Cambridge) war einer der bedeutendsten Philosophen des 20. Er lieferte wichtige Beiträge zur Philosophie der Logik, der Sprache und des Bewusstseins. Leben und Werk[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Ludwig Wittgenstein als Kleinkind, 1890 Ludwig Wittgenstein als Kind, vorne rechts mit den Schwestern Hermine, Helene, Margarete und Bruder Paul Gedenktafel am Bundesrealgymnasium in Linz Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1910 Ein entfernter Großcousin von Wittgenstein war der Wirtschaftswissenschaftler Friedrich August von Hayek. Wittgensteins intellektuelle Erziehung begann mit häuslichem Privatunterricht in Wien. „[Wittgenstein was] … one of the most exciting intellectual adventures [of my life]. … [He had] fire and penetration and intellectual purity to a quite extraordinary degree. … [He] soon knew all that I had to teach.His disposition is that of an artist, intuitive and moody.
Max Horkheimer Max Horkheimer (February 14, 1895 – July 7, 1973) was a German philosopher and sociologist who was famous for his work in critical theory as a member of the 'Frankfurt School' of social research. His most important works include The Eclipse of Reason (1947), "Between Philosophy and Social Science" (1930-1938) and, in collaboration with Theodor Adorno, The Dialectic of Enlightenment (1947). Through the Frankfurt School, Horkheimer planned, supported and made other significant works possible.[1] Biography[edit] Early life[edit] On February 14, 1895, Horkheimer became the only son of Moritz and Babetta Horkheimer. Education[edit] In the spring of spring of 1919, after failing an army physical,[5] Horkheimer enrolled at Munich University. Institute of Social Research (Institut für Sozialforschung)[edit] When the Institute for Social Research's directorship became vacant in 1930 after the departure of Karl Grunberg, Horkheimer was elected to the position. Later years[edit] Death[edit]
Wittgenstein Desde luego que cuando la metafísica o la ética adoptaban la forma de la ciencia natural su actitud era intolerante y destructiva. Para Wittgenstein la metafísica y la ética pertenecen al reino de lo trascendental, de lo que no puede decirse, sino sólo mostrarse[4] . Esto que sólo puede mostrarse, nunca decirse, es “lo místico”. En relación con esto en el Tractatus leemos: “De lo que no se puede hablar, se tiene que callar”. Lo que importa destacar aquí, es que, en opinión de Wittgenstein, “Hay… lo inexpresable, lo que se muestra a sí mismo” [5], es decir, existe lo místico, y que esto místico se muestra de algún modo, aunque no en el lenguaje usual. A los miembros más radicales del Círculo de Viena, Carnal y Otto Neurath, quienes al no prestar suficiente atención a las últimas proposiciones del Tractatus tenían a esta obra como una especie de Biblia del Positivismo Lógico, les desagradaba especialmente la tendencia mística del Tractatus, capital en él.
Niklas Luhmann Skizziertes Porträt von Niklas Luhmann Leben[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Luhmann wurde 1927 in die Familie eines Brauereibesitzers in Lüneburg geboren und besuchte das altsprachliche Johanneum. 1944 wurde er im Alter von 16 Jahren offiziell als Luftwaffenhelfer eingezogen, nachdem er schon seit dem 15. 2007 wurde bekannt, dass Luhmann 1944 Mitglied der NSDAP geworden war.[3] Die Aussagekraft der Mitgliederdatei ist geschichtswissenschaftlich insofern umstritten, als eine Aufnahme in die Partei auch im Rahmen der 1944/45 von der Parteiführung angestoßenen Sammelanmeldung der HJ-Jahrgänge 1926/27 erfolgen konnte. Luhmann studierte von 1946 bis 1949 Rechtswissenschaft an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg mit einem Schwerpunkt auf römischem Recht. Luhmann heiratete 1960 die gelernte Goldschmiedin Ursula von Walter. Nachlass[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Anlässlich des 90. Charakterisierung des Werkes[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Biographien Einführungen Hilfsmittel
Frankfurt School The Frankfurt School (German: Frankfurter Schule) is a school of neo-Marxist interdisciplinary social theory,[1] associated in part with the Institute for Social Research at the Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany. The school initially consisted of dissident Marxists who believed that some of Marx's followers had come to parrot a narrow selection of Marx's ideas, usually in defense of orthodox Communist parties. Meanwhile, many of these theorists believed that traditional Marxist theory could not adequately explain the turbulent and unexpected development of capitalist societies in the twentieth century. History[edit] The Institute for Social Research[edit] The term "Frankfurt School" arose informally to describe the thinkers affiliated or merely associated with the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research; it is not the title of any specific position or institution per se, and few of these theorists used the term themselves. The German prewar context[edit] Theorists[edit]
Karl Marx German-born philosopher (1818–1883) Karl Marx (German: [maʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, economist, political theorist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His best-known works are the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (with Friedrich Engels) and the three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894); the latter employs his theory of historical materialism in an analysis of capitalism, representing his greatest intellectual achievement. Marx's ideas, theories, and their subsequent development, collectively known as Marxism, have exerted enormous influence on modern intellectual, economic, and political history. Born in Trier in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation, Marx studied at the universities of Bonn, Berlin, and Jena, and received a doctorate in philosophy from the latter in 1841. Biography Childhood and early education: 1818–1836 Hegelianism and early journalism: 1836–1843 Paris: 1843–1845 Brussels: 1845–1848 Personal life
Critical theory Critical theory is a school of thought that stresses the reflective assessment and critique of society and culture by applying knowledge from the social sciences and the humanities. As a term, critical theory has two meanings with different origins and histories: the first originated in sociology and the second originated in literary criticism, whereby it is used and applied as an umbrella term that can describe a theory founded upon critique; thus, the theorist Max Horkheimer described a theory as critical insofar as it seeks "to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them."[1] In philosophy, the term critical theory describes the neo-Marxist philosophy of the Frankfurt School, which was developed in Germany in the 1930s. Definitions In social theory Yet, contrary to Marx’s famous prediction in the Preface to a Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, this shift did not lead to "an era of social revolution," but rather to fascism and totalitarianism. See also
Kritik der Urteilskraft Die Kritik der Urteilskraft (KdU) ist Immanuel Kants drittes Hauptwerk nach der Kritik der reinen Vernunft und der Kritik der praktischen Vernunft, erschienen 1790 im Verlag Lagarde und Friedrich in Berlin und Libau. Sie enthält in einem ersten Teil Kants Ästhetik (Lehre vom ästhetischen Urteil) und im zweiten Teil die Teleologie (Lehre von der Auslegung der Natur mittels Zweckkategorien). Stellung im Werk[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Kants Absicht – in den Einleitungen zur KdU umfangreich dargelegt – bestand darin, in dieser dritten Kritik die Vermittlung zwischen Natur (Gegenstand der theoretischen Vernunft) und Freiheit (Gegenstand der praktischen Vernunft) zu leisten und so das Gebäude der kritischen Philosophie zu vollenden. Die dritte Kritik ist mit den zwei vorhergehenden Werken der Vernunftkritik eng verbunden. Die Urteilskraft hat zwei Formen: Eine bestimmende und eine reflektierende. Inhalt[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Geschmack[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]
Max Weber Karl Emil Maximilian "Max" Weber (German: [ˈmaks ˈveːbɐ]; 21 April 1864 – 14 June 1920) was a German sociologist, philosopher, and political economist whose ideas influenced social theory, social research, and the entire discipline of sociology.[3] Weber is often cited, with Émile Durkheim and Karl Marx, as among the three founding creators of sociology.[4][5][6] Weber also made a variety of other contributions in economic history, as well as economic theory and methodology. Weber's analysis of modernity and rationalisation significantly influenced the critical theory associated with the Frankfurt School. After the First World War, Max Weber was among the founders of the liberal German Democratic Party. Biography[edit] Early life and family background[edit] Max Weber and his brothers, Alfred and Karl, in 1879 Education[edit] Early work[edit] In the years between the completion of his dissertation and habilitation, Weber took an interest in contemporary social policy. Later work[edit]
Groucho Marx Groucho Marx (geboren 2. Oktober 1890 als Julius Henry Marx in New York; gestorben 19. August 1977 in Los Angeles) war ein US-amerikanischer Schauspieler und Entertainer. Leben[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Kindheit und frühe Erfolge[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Die Familie Marx, Groucho ganz links, ca. 1915 Der älteste Sohn Leonard (Chico) nahm Klavierunterricht, während Julius eine angenehme Sopranstimme hatte und den Ton halten konnte. Höhepunkte der Karriere[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] “It looks as if Hollywood brides keep the bouquets and throw away the grooms.” „Es scheint, als behielten in Hollywood die Bräute ihre Sträuße und würfen dafür ihre Männer weg – Groucho Marx Groucho und seine Brüder traten in einer Reihe von äußerst populären Bühnenshows auf, oft mit Stegreifdialogen. Oft zitiert, wenn auch nicht belegt, ist der Dialog mit einer Kandidatin, die 19 Kinder hatte. In seiner Filmkarriere sang Groucho Marx unter anderem folgende Lieder: Beds.