Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting § Harvard Guide to Using Sources Depending on the conventions of your discipline, you may have to decide whether to... Summarize a Source Paraphrase a Source Quote from a Source Scholars in the humanities tend to summarize, paraphrase, and quote texts; social scientists and natural scientists rely primarily on summary and paraphrase. When and how to summarize When you summarize, you provide your readers with a condensed version of an author's key points. Before you summarize a source in your paper, you should decide what your reader needs to know about that source in order to understand your argument. Example This summary of Stanley Milgram's 1974 essay, "The Perils of Obedience," provides a brief overview of Milgram's 12-page essay, along with an APA style parenthetical citation. Stanley Milgram (1974) reports that ordinarily compassionate people will be cruel to each other if they are commanded to be by an authority figure. When you include a summary of a paper in your essay, you must cite the source. Source material
Plagiarism What is Plagiarism and Why is it Important? In college courses, we are continually engaged with other people’s ideas: we read them in texts, hear them in lecture, discuss them in class, and incorporate them into our own writing. As a result, it is very important that we give credit where it is due. Plagiarism is using others’ ideas and words without clearly acknowledging the source of that information. How Can Students Avoid Plagiarism? To avoid plagiarism, you must give credit whenever you use another person’s idea, opinion, or theory; any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings—any pieces of information—that are not common knowledge; quotations of another person’s actual spoken or written words; or paraphrase of another person’s spoken or written words. These guidelines are taken from the Code of Student Rights, Responsibilities, and Conduct. How to Recognize Unacceptable and Acceptable Paraphrases Here’s an UNACCEPTABLE paraphrase that is plagiarism: What makes this passage plagiarism? 1. 2.
Avoiding Plagiarism and Lazy Writing Students are often confused about how to use materials from sources (e. g., journals and books) that they read. Too often material is used inappropriately, in most cases because a student may not know how to properly use such material. The information on this page will help you to avoid two serious flaws in writing plagiarism and lazy writing . What is Plagiarism? Plagiarism occurs when you use someone else's words or ideas from a copyrighted source. When most students think of plagiarism they think of using someone else's words or ideas without properly citing the source. The dynamic nature of human memory suggests that information in memory can be influenced by a variety of factors. If you were to reproduce this passage without placing the material in quotation marks and citing the source, you would be guilty of plagiarism. The dynamic character of human memory suggests that information stored in memory can be acted upon by many factors. How can I avoid plagiarism? What is Lazy Writing?
MLA Style These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the Modern Language Association (MLA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citation and the Works Cited page, as well as MLA sample papers, slide presentations, and the MLA classroom poster MLA Overview and Workshop Welcome to the OWL Workshop on MLA Style. This workshop will introduce you to the Modern Language Association (MLA) Style for writing and formatting research papers. To get the most out of this workshop, you should begin with the introductory material below, which covers what MLA Style is, why it is used, and who should apply this style to their work. MLA Formatting and Style Guide MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities.
Avoid Plagiarism: Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Good writing takes time. This means that students need to set time aside to brainstorm, pre write, plan, draft, and then revise, revise, and revise. If students leave their essay to the last minute, they tend to become overwhelmed by the writing task and panic by looking for an alternative. This alternative is usually plagiarism. Students must do everything possible to avoid plagiarism. Plagiarism, a form of academic misconduct, results in failure. Students should feel comfortable browsing the internet in search of information related to their essay topic. 1) Print everything! 2) Photocopy everything! Author—Creator or compiler of the information; for web sites this may be the Webmaster or the owning organization. Quoting, Paraphrasing, & Summarizing: Why use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries? Finally, you should rotate use of all three methods to add stylistic variety to your paper. Some examples to compare… Intertwining all Three in a Body Paragraph... 1. Sample Note Card:
Online Citation Guide - MLA Remember that entries in the Works Cited list are listed alphabetically by author. This page is for print reference books; the electronic forms of reference books (such as CD-ROMs and online versions) are described on another page. This citation style applies to familiar reference books. The components of a Works Cited list entry for an encyclopedia article or dictionary entry, listed in the proper order: Read the Notes on punctuation and spacing and on italicization and underlining . Citation Examples (from The Ready Reference Handbook ) "Mexico." Citation Examples (from MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers ) "Azimuthal Equidistant Projection." "Ginsburg, Ruth Bader." "Mandarin." Mohanty, Jitendra M. Noon."
Avoiding Plagiarism: Quoting and Paraphrasing General advice When reading a passage, try first to understand it as a whole, rather than pausing to write down specific ideas or phrases. Be selective. Unless your assignment is to do a formal or "literal" paraphrase, you usually don?t need to paraphrase an entire passage; instead, choose and summarize the material that helps you make a point in your paper. Think of what "your own words" would be if you were telling someone who's unfamiliar with your subject (your mother, your brother, a friend) what the original source said. top Methods of Paraphrasing Look away from the source then write. If you find that you can't do A or B, this may mean that you don't understand the passage completely or that you need to use a more structured process until you have more experience in paraphrasing. The method below is not only a way to create a paraphrase but also a way to understand a difficult text. Paraphrasing difficult texts
6 Reasons to Write in Your Own Words — Plagiarism Checker | WriteCheck by Turnitin “Be sure to write it in your own words,” is a mantra that is repeated by educators at all academic levels. For students, the idea of writing in one’s own words is repeated from the first paragraphs written in grade school all the way to a doctoral thesis. In the age of the Internet, almost any piece of knowledge or idea can be found, copied and presented in a matter of minutes. If being able to find the knowledge is what is most important, the extra step of rewriting what others have done seems superfluous. So, why do instructors and publications care if something is written in original words, even if the sources are properly cited? Here are six reasons it is important to use one’s own words when writing. 1. When copying the words of someone else, nothing new is created and nothing is contributed to the larger discussion. Bottom Line: Learning to write in one’s own words helps form the skills needed to thinking creatively and meaningfully. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Conclusions Feedback?