The Fateful Year 1898: The United States Becomes an Imperial Power The Fateful Year 1898: The United States Becomes an Imperial Power The Great Debate Over American Overseas Expansion By John Ries and Mark Weber Most Americans have come to accept as entirely normal the readiness of their government to send troops to faraway lands. In recent decades, such military adventures have included President Johnson's Vietnam fiasco, President Reagan's ill-fated dispatch of Marines to Lebanon, President Bush's massive Gulf War against Iraq, and the Somalia intervention of presidents Bush and Clinton. It wasn't so long ago when most Americans firmly rejected global adventurism. Implicit in the following essay is a question: Would America, and the world, be better or worse off today if the United States had decided against overseas expansion and imperialism in the late 1890s? Many students of history trace the beginning of America's readiness for overseas military intervention to one of two presidential decisions: The 1890s Manufactured War Hysteria "Remember the Maine!
Illegal drug trade International drug routes. History[edit] Chinese edicts against opium smoking were made in 1729, 1796 and 1800.[2] Addictive drugs were prohibited in the west in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[3][4][5] An illegal drug trade emerged in the early 19th century. In 1868, as the result of the increased use of opium, the UK restricted the sale of opium in Britain by implementing the 1868 Pharmacy Act .[7] In the United States, control remained a state responsibility until the introduction of the Harrison Act in 1914, following the passing of the International Opium Convention in 1912. Between 1920 and 1933, alcohol was banned in the United States. Since drugs traded on the black market can provide a secretive source of money, they have long been used by organizations such as the U.S. Legal penalties[edit] Drug trafficking is widely regarded as the most serious of drug offenses around the world. Effects of illegal drug trade on societies[edit] Violent crime[edit] Profits[edit]
John Hay to Andrew D. White First Open Door Note September 6 1899 < 1876-1900 Department of State, Washington, September 6, 1899 At the time when the Government of the United States was informed by that of Germany that it had leased from His Majesty the Emperor of China the port of Kiao-chao and the adjacent territory in the province of Shantung, assurances were given to the ambassador of the United States at Berlin by the Imperial German minister for foreign affairs that the rights and privileges insured by treaties with China to citizens of the United States would not thereby suffer or be in anywise impaired within the area over which Germany had thus obtained control. First. Will in no way interfere with any treaty port or any vested interest within any so-called "sphere of interest" or leased territory it may have in China. Second. Third. In view of the present favorable conditions, you are instructed to submit the above considerations to His Imperial German Majesty's Minister for L Foreign Affairs, and to request his early consideration of the subject.
Social Studies - FREE Lesson Plans Activities Games Powerpoints Handouts - for Kids and Teachers Khmer Rouge The Khmer Rouge (/kəˈmɛər ˈruːʒ/; French for "Red Khmers", French pronunciation: [kmɛʁ ʁuʒ]; Khmer: ខ្មែរក្រហម Khmer Kraham) was the name given to the followers of the Communist Party of Kampuchea in Cambodia. It was formed in 1968 as an offshoot of the Vietnam People's Army from North Vietnam. It was the ruling party in Cambodia from 1975 to 1979, led by Pol Pot, Nuon Chea, Ieng Sary, Son Sen, and Khieu Samphan. Pol Pot, leader of the Khmer Rouge and Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea, in 1978. By 1979, the Khmer Rouge had fled the country, while the People's Republic of Kampuchea was being established.[3] The governments-in-exile (including the Khmer Rouge) still had a seat in the UN at this point, but it was later taken away, in 1993, as the monarchy was restored and the country underwent a name change to the Kingdom of Cambodia. Historic legacy[edit] Flag used by Khmer Rouge during their 1975 campaign. Ideology[edit] Name history[edit] Origins[edit] Early history[edit]
The Spanish-American War - The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War (Hispanic Division, Library of Congress) Between 1895 and 1898 Cuba and the Philippine Islands revolted against Spain. The Cubans gained independence, but the Filipinos did not. In both instances the intervention of the United States was the culminating event. In 1895 the Cuban patriot and revolutionary, José Martí, resumed the Cuban struggle for freedom that had failed during the Ten Years' War (1868-1878). The Cuban cause gained increasing support in the United States, leading President Grover Cleveland to press for a settlement, but instead Spain sent General Valeriano Weyler to pacify Cuba. In February two events crystallized U.S. opinion in favor of Cuban independence. The reluctant McKinley was then forced to demand that Spain grant independence to Cuba, but Sagasta refused, fearing that such a concession would destroy the shaky Restoration Monarchy. On 25 April Congress responded to McKinley's request for armed intervention. The war began with two American successes. The battle of 1 July did not develop as planned.
Alexander Street | Publisher of streaming video, audio, and text library databases in music, counseling, history, business, and more Introduction to the Holocaust The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. Holocaust is a word of Greek origin meaning "sacrifice by fire." The Nazis, who came to power in Germany in January 1933, believed that Germans were "racially superior" and that the Jews, deemed "inferior," were an alien threat to the so-called German racial community. During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived "racial inferiority": Roma (Gypsies), the disabled, and some of the Slavic peoples (Poles, Russians, and others). WHAT WAS THE HOLOCAUST? Although Jews, whom the Nazis deemed a priority danger to Germany, were the primary victims of Nazi racism, other victims included some 200,000 Roma (Gypsies). As Nazi tyranny spread across Europe, the Germans and their collaborators persecuted and murdered millions of other people. Further Reading Bergen, Doris. Dawidowicz, Lucy S.
Colonialism In Denial: Us Propaganda In The Philippine-American War | Phillip Ablett Social Alternatives Vol. 23 No. 3, Third Quarter, 2004 receptions and gala celebrations. The public, it seems,was in need of a hero and flocked to applaud his triumphs.Otis played the part with suitable pomp and circumstance, but persisted in making embarrassing claims about thewar being over. His successor, General Arthur MacArthur, soon contradicted him by calling for moretroops. The total number of occupation soldiers wouldreach 126 000 before the country was subdued (Diokno1980).Contrary to military propaganda, the vast majorityof Filipinos were in favour of keeping their independence.Even when Aguinaldo was captured in March 1901 andswore allegiance to the United States, fierce fightingcontinued despite enormous costs to the civilian population. De-Humanising The Filipino ‘Other’ It is a truism that, in war,governments will dehumanise the enemyto justify killing. Munseys Magazine was typical indescribing the Filipino as relatively low on the ‘scale of civilisation’ (Vaughan 1994).
Encyclopedia of Philosophy War in Darfur The War in Darfur[12][13] was a major armed onslaught in the Darfur region of Sudan. It began in February 2003 when the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A) and Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) rebel groups took up arms against the Government of Sudan, which they accused of oppressing Darfur's non-Arab population. The government responded to attacks by carrying out a campaign of ethnic cleansing against Darfur's non-Arabs. This produced the deaths of tens to hundreds of thousands of civilians and the indictment of Sudan's president Omar al-Bashir for genocide and crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Court. Estimates of the number of human casualties range up to several hundred thousand dead, from either combat or starvation and disease. The Sudanese government and the JEM signed a ceasefire agreement in February 2010, with a tentative agreement to pursue peace. Origins of the conflict[edit] There are several different explanations for the origins of the conflict.
Presidents of the United States (POTUS) Links immediately following the image of the American Flag ( ) are links to other POTUS sites. All other links lead to sites elsewhere on the Web. Jump to: Presidential Election Results | Cabinet Members | Notable Events | Internet Biographies | Historical Documents | Media Resources | Other Internet Resources | Points of Interest Father: William McKinley Mother: Nancy Campbell Allison McKinley Married: Ida Saxton (1847-1907), on January 25, 1871 Children: Katherine McKinley (1871-75); Ida McKinley (1873) Religion: Methodist Education: Attended Allegheny College Occupation: Lawyer Political Party: Republican Other Government Positions: Member of U.S. Presidential Salary: $50,000/year Vice President: Garret A. Theodore Roosevelt (1901) Cabinet: Secretary of State John Sherman (1897-98) William R. John M. Secretary of the Treasury Lyman J. Secretary of War Russel A. Elihu Root (1899-1901) Attorney General Joseph McKenna (1897-98) John W. Philander C. Postmaster General James A. Secretary of the Navy
The American Revolution - US History Scene The American Revolution was by no means a purely American-British conflict. The fight for American independence piqued the interest of Europe’s most powerful colonial powers. The result of this conflict would not only determine the fate of the thirteen North American colonies, but also alter the balance of colonial power throughout the world. Setting the Table for Revolution: The Seven Years’ War “The Seven Years’ War was in its origin not an European war at all; it was a war between England and France on Colonial questions with which the rest of Europe had nothing to do” – Arthur Ropes, late nineteenth century British historian The Seven Years’ War was in many ways the capstone conflict for an eighteenth century riddled with imperial competition. But, what were the outcomes of the Seven Years’ War and how did it change the landscape of colonial power on the eve of the American Revolution? British victory, however, came with a heavy price tag. Europe’s Imperial Motives France Spain Germany