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Planète Environnement Un maintien de prix élevés du pétrole rendrait les énergies renouvelables compétitives (LeMonde.fr) Les industriels attendent toutefois de voir si la hausse des prix se confirme pour investir massivement. Or, depuis près d'un mois, le baril a franchi le seuil historique des 40 dollars. Mardi 10 août, le brut de référence américain a inscrit un nouveau record en atteignant en séance 45,04 dollars. "On travaille habituellement à faire baisser le coût des énergies renouvelables, mais la hausse actuelle des prix du pétrole contribue tout autant à favoriser leur développement", estime Virginie Schwarz, directrice Énergies à l'Ademe. Les chaudières à bois, par exemple, ne sont rentables qu'au bout de quinze à vingt ans et les panneaux photovoltaïques coûtent, en France, dix fois plus cher du mégawatt/heure que le prix actuel du marché, relève-t-il. Art.
Welcome To The API Website Prodution pétrole - BP Global oil production, increased by 1.9 million b/d, or 2.2% OPEC accounted for about three-quarters of the global increase despite a decline in Iranian output (-680,000 b/d) due to international sanctions. Libyan output (+1 million b/d) nearly regained all of the ground lost in 2011. For a second consecutive year, output reached record levels in Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Qatar. World oil production increased by 1.9 million b/d in 2012, more than double the growth of global consumption. Methodology Oil production data includes crude oil, shale oil, oil sands and NGLs (natural gas liquids - the liquid content of natural gas where this is recovered separately). World oil production tables are in both thousand barrels daily and million tonnes.
Sharia To Arabic-speaking people, sharia (shariah, shari'a, sharīʿah; Arabic: شريعة šarīʿah, IPA: [ʃaˈriːʕa], "legislation"),[1] also known as Islāmī qānūn (اسلامی قانون), means the moral code and religious law of a prophetic religion.[2][3] In English usage, the term "sharia" has been largely identified with Islam.[4] Sharia deals with many topics addressed by secular law, including crime, politics, and economics, as well as personal matters such as sexual intercourse, hygiene, diet, prayer, everyday etiquette and fasting. Though interpretations of sharia vary between cultures, in its strictest and most historically coherent definition it is considered the infallible law of God—as opposed to the human interpretation of the laws (fiqh).[5] However, historically, much of Sharia has been implemented in its strictest understanding. Etymology and origins[edit] History[edit] The Umayyads initiated the office of appointing qadis, or Islamic judges. Definitions and descriptions[edit]
Détroit d'Ormuz Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Le détroit d'Ormuz (en arabe : مضيق هرمز, Madīq Ormuz ; en persan : تنگه هرمز, Tangeh-ye Hormoz) est un détroit reliant le golfe Persique au golfe d'Oman qui doit son nom à l'île d'Ormuz[1], située au sud-est de Bandar Abbas. Les pays frontaliers sont l'Iran au nord, le sultanat d'Oman (extrémité de la pointe sur la photo) et les Émirats arabes unis au sud (péninsule arabique). Long de 63 km et large de 40 km, le détroit d'entrée du golfe Persique a une importance stratégique décisive : il constitue, en effet, une voie commerciale essentielle du trafic international, empruntée par plus de 30 % du commerce mondial de pétrole[2]. Histoire[modifier | modifier le code] Guerre Iran-Irak[modifier | modifier le code] Le détroit a été le théâtre de nombreux affrontements pendant la guerre Iran-Irak. L'Iran a saisi la Cour internationale de justice d'une requête contre les États-Unis pour la destruction de ses deux plates-formes.
OPEC Graphique et données The new OPEC Reference Basket (ORB) Introduced on 16 June 2005, is currently made up of the following: Saharan Blend (Algeria), Girassol (Angola), Oriente (Ecuador), Iran Heavy (Islamic Republic of Iran), Basra Light (Iraq), Kuwait Export (Kuwait), Es Sider (Libya), Bonny Light (Nigeria), Qatar Marine (Qatar), Arab Light (Saudi Arabia), Murban (UAE) and Merey (Venezuela). Notes: As of January 2006: The Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly & Yearly averages are based on daily quotations. As of January 2007: The basket price includes the Angolan crude "Girassol". Saudi Arabia by the Numbers The very concept of public opinion in highly secretive Saudi Arabia is almost an oxymoron. Hard data are difficult to come by, and even rarer is information about controversial and strategically critical current issues: views about military action against Iran, corruption and the state of civil liberties within the kingdom, religious extremism and al Qaeda, and donations to other mujahideen. Yet I was able to obtain exactly this kind of data by working with the new Princeton, N.J. The results are eye-opening. Most intriguing of all, however, is that none of these hot-button issues ranks very high on the public's agenda compared with economic concerns. Gathering the data to draw these conclusions was a unique challenge, but not insurmountable. Occasionally the transition from one topic to the next can be a bit awkward, but it works. Telephone polls, while temptingly easy to organize, are widely viewed with suspicion in the Middle East. BILAL QABALAN/AFP/Getty Images
Tout va bien - le Peak Oil est atteint, dit l'AIE HISTORIQUE. Aucune raison de s'inquiéter, selon l'AIE. L'ancien directeur de l'Ecole nationale supérieure de géologie n'est pas d'accord. Il n'est pas le seul. Près de 30 % de la production des puits de pétrole conventionnel aujourd'hui en activité aura disparu dans 10 ans, passant de 68 à 48 millions de barils par jour (mb/j) en 2020. Et dans une génération, en 2035, les champs de pétrole conventionnel actuellement exploités (qui fournissent aujourd'hui 80 % de la production mondiale de carburants liquides) ne produiront plus que 17 mb/j, soit moins d'un cinquième de la demande future, d'après le graphe reproduit ci-dessous, issu du rapport annuel que vient de rendre public l'Agence internationale de l'énergie (AIE). Vous trouvez ça compliqué ? Nous avons déjà franchi le pic pétrolier, reconnaît l'Agence internationale de l'énergie (AIE). Jusqu'ici, jamais l'AIE n'avait admis cette possibilité de stagnation de la production de pétrole conventionnel. « Excès d'optimisme » ?
UFIP Hundreds detained in Saudi Arabia over protests {*style:<b> <b> Hundreds detained in Saudi Arabia over protests </b> </b>*} {*style:<b><b> <b> Saudi authorities detained hundreds of demonstrators on Friday in Jeddah who gathered to protest against poor infrastructure after deadly floods swept through Saudi Arabia's second biggest city, police and witnesses said. </b> </b></b>*} {*style:<b><b>- </b>
Prix du baril - Le cours officiel Saudi Oil Production - read Minister Al-Naimi's small print Yesterday the Saudi Arabian oil Minister, Ali Al-Naimi, commented that the days of easy oil are not over, and that there remain at least 88 billion barrels in the Saudi oilfield of Ghawar, let alone the rest of the fields in that country. Well before that sends you out to buy a fleet of Hummers, you might want to take a wee bit closer look at some of the other things that he said, or did not say. For the future is not quite as rosy as his remarks might, at first, make you think. Let’s start with the “days of easy oil are not over.” Last week at the ASPO-USA Conference Michael Klare commented on the amount of money that this will bring to the nations that produce oil much cheaper than the global price (which KSA is happy to keep at around $80 bbl) but to keep that price it relies on the make-up oil that is not “easy” at all. Now let me turn to some of the more worrisome part of what he said. Why is this? Manifa is a heavy, sour (i.e. high sulfur), vanadium contaminated deposit.
Le Monde