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God

God
In monotheism and henotheism, God is conceived as the Supreme Being and principal object of faith.[1] The concept of God as described by theologians commonly includes the attributes of omniscience (infinite knowledge), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), omnibenevolence (perfect goodness), divine simplicity, and eternal and necessary existence. In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe. Monotheism is the belief in the existence of one God or in the oneness of God. In pantheism, God is the universe itself. There are many names for God, and different names are attached to different cultural ideas about God's identity and attributes. Etymology and usage The earliest written form of the Germanic word God (always, in this usage, capitalized[17]) comes from the 6th-century Christian Codex Argenteus. General conceptions Oneness Main articles: Monotheism and Henotheism St. Related:  -1

Svarga Svarga Loka is a set of heavenly worlds located on and above Mt. Meru where the righteous live in paradise before their next incarnation. During each pralaya (the great dissolution), the first three realms, Bhu loka (Earth), Bhuvar loka and Swarga loka are destroyed. Below the seven upper realms lie seven lower realms, of Patala, the underworld and netherworld.[1] Overview[edit] Svarga is seen as a transitory place for righteous souls who have performed good deeds in their lives but are not yet ready to attain moksha, or elevation to Vaikunta, the abode of Lord Vishnu, considered to be the Supreme Abode (Rig Veda (1.22.20) states, "Oṃ tad viṣṇoḥ paramam padam sadā paśyanti sūrayaḥ" "All the suras (i.e., devas- divinities) look toward the feet of Lord Vishnu as the Supreme Abode" See also[edit] References[edit] The Garuda Purana (Wood and Subrahmanyam translation, 1911) at sacred-texts.com

Janamejaya Kuru King In Vedic Literature[edit] Janamejaya is mentioned as a great king and conqueror in a number of late Vedic texts. The Aitareya Brahmana (VIII.21) states that his priest Tura Kāvasheya anointed him with the Aindra Mahabhisheka (great anointing of Indra). The Shatapatha Brahmana mentions that he performed an ashvamedha (horse sacrifice), for getting himself rid of the Brahmahatya (sin associated with killing of a Brahmin), and the priest who performed it for him was Indrota Daivapa Shaunaka at a place named Āsandīvat.[3] Historicity[edit] H.C. Only one Janamejaya is mentioned in Vedic literature; however, post-Vedic literature (Mahabharata and Puranas) seems to indicate the existence of two kings by this name, one who lived before the Kurukshetra War was an ancestor to the Pandavas, and one who lived later and was a descendant.[3] Historian H. In Puranic Literature[edit] In Mahabharata[edit] Parikshit bitten by Takshak from Birla razmnama. Sarpa Satra (snake sacrifice)[edit] Notes[edit]

Dharma-yuddha Dharma-yuddha is a Sanskrit word made up of two roots: dharma meaning righteousness, and yuddha meaning warfare. In the ancient Indian texts, dharma-yuddha refers to a war that is fought while following several rules that make the war fair.[1] The rules of engagement also set out how warriors were to deal with noncombatants. Dharma-yuddha also signifies that the war is not fought for gain or selfish reasons. In the Mahabharata[edit] In the Mahabharata epic, which describes the Kurukshetra war, the two sides agree on the following rules: Fighting must begin no earlier than sunrise and, should end by exact sunset. Other texts[edit] Beyond the Mahabharata, the principles of dharma-yuddha are referred to in many other ancient Indian texts, including the Ramayana and the Dharmashastras or law texts. See also[edit] References[edit] ^ Kaushik Roy. External links[edit]

Parikshit Kuru king of India King Pariksit (Sanskrit: परिक्षित्, Parikṣit[note 1]) was a Kuru king who reigned during the Middle Vedic period (12th-9th centuries BCE).[1] Along with his son and successor Janamejaya, he played a decisive role in the consolidation of the Kuru state, the arrangement of Vedic hymns into collections, and the development of the orthodox srauta ritual, transforming the Kuru realm into the dominant political and cultural center of northern Iron Age India.[2] He also appears as a figure in later legends and traditions. Mentions[edit] "Listen to the good praise of the King belonging to all people, who, (like) a god, is above men, (listen to the praise) of Parikṣit! Parikshit is eulogised in a hymn of the Atharvaveda (XX.127.7-10) as a great Kuru king (Kauravya), whose realm flowed with milk and honey and people lived happily in his kingdom. Few other details about his reign are recorded in Vedic literature. Historicity[edit] Family[edit] Parikshit was crowned by Yudhisthira

Himalayas Mountain range in Asia The Himalayas, or Himalaya (), is a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has many of Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest (Nepal/China). The Himalayas include over fifty mountains exceeding 7,200 m (23,600 ft) in elevation, including ten of the fourteen 8,000-metre peaks. By contrast, the highest peak outside Asia (Aconcagua, in the Andes) is 6,961 m (22,838 ft) tall.[1] Lifted by the subduction of the Indian tectonic plate under the Eurasian Plate, the Himalayan mountain range runs west-northwest to east-southeast in an arc 2,400 km (1,500 mi) long.[2] Its western anchor, Nanga Parbat, lies just south of the northernmost bend of Indus river. The Himalayas are inhabited by 52.7 million people,[5] and are spread across five countries: Bhutan, China, India, Nepal and Pakistan. Name[edit] Geography and key features[edit] A satellite image showing the arc of the Himalayas

Just war theory Just war theory (Latin: jus bellum justum) is a doctrine, also referred to as a tradition, of military ethics studied by military leaders, theologians, ethicists and policy makers. The purpose of the doctrine is to ensure war is morally justifiable through a series of criteria, all of which must be met for a war to be considered just. The criteria are split into two groups: "right to go to war" (jus ad bellum) and "right conduct in war" (jus in bello). The first concerns the morality of going to war, and the second the moral conduct within war.[1] Recently there have been calls for the inclusion of a third category of just war theory—jus post bellum—dealing with the morality of post-war settlement and reconstruction. Just war theory postulates that war, while terrible (but less so with the right conduct), is not always the worst option. Origins[edit] Eastern[edit] Ancient Egypt[edit] Confucian[edit] India[edit] Classical philosophy[edit] Christian views[edit] Saint Augustine[edit] J. Just cause

Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute building in Pune The Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (BORI) is located in Pune, Maharashtra, India.[1] It was founded on 6 July 1917 and named after Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar (1837–1925), long regarded as the founder of Indology (Orientalism) in India. The institute is well known for its collection of old Sanskrit and Prakrit manuscripts. The Institute[edit] This institute is of a public trust registered under Act XXI of 1860. The institute has one of the largest collections of rare books and manuscripts in South Asia, consisting of over 125,000 books and 29,510 manuscripts. The manuscript collection[edit] The largest part of the collection (17,877 Manuscripts) is part of the "Government Manuscript Library", while there is an additional collection of 11,633 manuscripts. Among the several scholars referring to the works at BORI, the most well-known person arguably is the Bharat Ratna awardee, Pt. The Critical Edition of the Mahabharata[edit]

Gandhari From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search Gandhari may refer to: Persian language Western Iranian language Persian (), also known by its endonym Farsi (فارسی, fārsi, [fɒːɾˈsiː] ( listen)), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. The Persian language is a continuation of Middle Persian, the official religious and literary language of the Sasanian Empire (224–651 CE), itself a continuation of Old Persian, which was used in the Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC).[14][15] It originated in the region of Fars (Persia) in southwestern Iran.[16] Its grammar is similar to that of many European languages.[17] Persian has left a considerable influence on its neighboring languages, including other Iranian languages, the Turkic languages, Armenian, Georgian and the Indo-Aryan languages (especially Urdu). Classification[edit] Persian is a member of the Western Iranian group of the Iranian languages, which make up a branch of the Indo-European languages in their Indo-Iranian subdivision. Name[edit] Notes:

Pune Metropolis in Maharashtra, India Pune (Marathi pronunciation: [puɳe]; ;[20][21] also called Poona, the official name until 1978)[22][23][24] is the second largest city in the Indian state of Maharashtra, after Mumbai. It is the ninth most populous city in the country with an estimated population of 3.13 million.[25] Along with its extended city limits Pimpri Chinchwad and the three cantonment towns of Pune, Khadki and Dehu Road, Pune forms the urban core of the eponymous Pune Metropolitan Region (PMR).[26] According to the 2011 census, the urban area has a combined population of 5.05 million while the population of the metropolitan region is estimated at 7.27 million.[11] Situated 560 metres (1,837 feet) above sea level on the Deccan plateau on the right bank of the Mutha river,[27] Pune is also the administrative headquarters of its namesake district. Etymology[edit] History[edit] Early and medieval period[edit] Bhosale Jagir and the Maratha Empire[edit] Peshwa rule[edit] Geography[edit]

Harivamsa The first two of three books of the Harivamsa are largely dedicated to Krishna, described as the eighth incarnation of Hindu deity Vishnu. The stories about Krishna's birth to youth, told in these two books, are widely read by Vaishnav Hindus.[1][2] The Adi Parva of describes the creation of the cosmos and the legendary history of the kings of the Solar and Lunar dynasties leading up to the birth of Krishna. Chronology[edit] Dwarka is the setting for many chapters in the Harivamsa.[8] The city is described as near the sea, in modern era Gujarat; a painting of the city in the 19th century (lower). The bulk of the text is derived from two traditions, the pañcalakṣaṇa tradition, that is, the five marks of the Purana corpus one of which is the vaṃśa genealogy, and stories about the life of Krishna as a herdsman. The text is complex, containing layers that go back to the 1st or 2nd centuries BCE. Edward Washburn Hopkins considers the Harivamsa the latest parva of the Mahabharata. Editions[edit]

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