The Reformation Help support New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more — all for only $19.99... The usual term for the religious movement which made its appearance in Western Europe in the sixteenth century, and which, while ostensibly aiming at an internal renewal of the Church, really led to a great revolt against it, and an abandonment of the principal Christian beliefs. We shall review the general characteristics of this movement from the following standpoints: Causes of the Reformation The causes of the great religious revolt of the sixteenth century must be sought as far back as the fourteenth. Since the barbarian invasions the Church had effected a complete transformation and revival of the races of Western Europe, and a glorious development of religious and intellectual life. Closely connected with the above were various abuses in the lives of the clergy and the people.
Humanism, Secularism and Individualism in the Renaissance - the Renaissance Humanism/Secularism In the Renaissance the main ideas of humanism came from the people opposing the ideas of the bible and of the Christian church. As the period of medieval rule came to an end, people became more aware and known to social and humanist ideas. What citizens wanted was the place between god and man to disappear and humanists were the ones that were up to the job. Many humanists decided to look back at what the ancient Greeks and romans had already worked on as that usually provided a better of the world. IndividualismWhen the renaissance first started the fact that god was the one who created everything and was the only one that will create amazing things was popular.
Martin Luther and the 95 Theses - Facts & Summary Committed to the idea that salvation could be reached through faith and by divine grace only, Luther vigorously objected to the corrupt practice of selling indulgences. Acting on this belief, he wrote the “Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences,” also known as “The 95 Theses,” a list of questions and propositions for debate. Popular legend has it that on October 31, 1517 Luther defiantly nailed a copy of his 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle church. The reality was probably not so dramatic; Luther more likely hung the document on the door of the church matter-of-factly to announce the ensuing academic discussion around it that he was organizing. The 95 Theses, which would later become the foundation of the Protestant Reformation, were written in a remarkably humble and academic tone, questioning rather than accusing. In addition to his criticisms of indulgences, Luther also reflected popular sentiment about the “St.
Johannes Gutenberg Biography for Kids: Inventor of the Printing Press Back to Biographies Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. While this may not sound like a big deal at first, the printing press is often considered as the most important invention in modern times. Think about how important information is today. Where did Johannes Gutenberg grow up? Johannes was born in Mainz, Germany around the year 1398. What did Gutenberg invent? Gutenberg took some existing technologies and some of his own inventions to come up with the printing press in the year 1450. What books were first printed by the Gutenberg press? It's thought that the first printed item from the press was a German poem. Fun Facts about Gutenberg In 1462 he was exiled from Mainz. Other Inventors and Scientists: Works Cited
An Overview of the Reformation Johannes Gutenberg - Inventor German inventor Johannes Gutenberg developed a method of movable type and used it to create one of the Western world's first major printed books, the “Forty-Two-Line” Bible. Synopsis Johannes Gutenberg was born circa 1395, in Mainz, Germany. He started experimenting with printing by 1438. In 1450 Gutenberg obtained backing from the financier, Johann Fust, whose impatience and other factors led to Gutenberg's loss of his establishment to Fust several years later. Gutenberg's masterpiece, and the first book ever printed in Europe from movable type, is the “Forty-Two-Line” Bible, completed no later than 1455. Early Life Born into a modest merchant family in Mainz, Germany, circa 1395, Johannes Gutenberg’s work as an inventor and printer would have a major impact on communication and learning worldwide. Experiments in Printing Financial Trouble In 1448, Johannes Gutenberg moved back to Mainz and by 1450 was operating a print shop. Later Life Related Videos
Martin Luther (1483-1546) Humanism - Rome Reborn: The Vatican Library & Renaissance Culture | Exhibitions - Library of Congress Seeking the Wisdom of the Ancients Both the republican elites of Florence and Venice and the ruling families of Milan, Ferrara, and Urbino hired humanists to teach their children classical morality and to write elegant, classical letters, histories, and propaganda. In the course of the fifteenth century, the humanists also convinced most of the popes that the papacy needed their skills. Costanzo Felici, Historia de coniuratione Catilinae (History of the Catilinarian Conspiracy) In the High Renaissance, Rome was the center of the literary movement known as "Ciceronianism" that aimed to standardize Latin diction by modelling all prose on the writings of Cicero. In the High Renaissance, Rome was the center of the literary movement known as "Ciceronianism" that aimed to standardize Latin diction by modelling all prose on the writings of Cicero. Costanzo Felici, Historia de coniuratione Catilinae (History of the Catilinarian Conspiracy). Pius II (Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini), Commentaries
The Great Schism of 1054 The Great Schism was the formal break of communion between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. Various disputes of theological nature contributed in this 1054 Schism and Latin churches were closed in Constantinople as a response to the closure of Greek churches in Southern Italy. The Great Schism remains one of the most significant events in the history of Christianity and went on to have a huge impact on subsequent developments in Europe. Great Schism History The history of disputes between the Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church had begun much earlier than 1054. Pope Leo IX – The Great Schism of 1054 1054 Schism Definition The definition of 1054 Schism is mainly the formal breaking up of relations between the two main branches of Christian church over disputes of theological nature. The Great Western Schism of 1054 The Great Western Schism occurred in the period between 1378 and 1417 when multiple Popes claimed their authority on the Church.