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Understanding the Fourier transform » #AltDevBlogADay

Understanding the Fourier transform » #AltDevBlogADay
Yes, I realize that after reading the title of this post, 99% of potential readers just kept scrolling. So to the few of you who clicked on it, welcome! Don’t worry, this won’t take long. A very long time ago, I was curious how to detect the strength of the bass and treble in music, in order to synchronize some graphical effects. What I found was the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), which looks like this: This formula, as anyone can see, makes no sense at all. Eventually, I was able to visualize how it works, which was a bit of a lightbulb for me. Disclaimer: my math skills are pitch-patch at best, and this is just intended to be an informal article, so please don’t expect a rigorous treatment. A quick bit of background – what does the Fourier transform do? The time domain representation (a series of evenly spaced samples over time)The frequency domain representation (the strength and phase of waves, at different frequencies, that can be used to reconstruct the signal)

Quackwatch Pole of inaccessibility A pole of inaccessibility marks a location that is the most challenging to reach owing to its remoteness from geographical features that could provide access. Often it refers to the most distant point from the coastline. The term describes a geographic construct, not an actual physical phenomenon. Subject to varying definitions, it is of interest mostly to explorers. Northern pole of inaccessibility[edit] Northern pole of inaccessibility The northern pole of inaccessibility ( WikiMiniAtlas 84°03′N 174°51′W / 84.050°N 174.850°W / 84.050; -174.850 (Northern Pole of Inaccessibility)), sometimes known as the Arctic pole of inaccessibility, or just Arctic pole, is located on the Arctic Oceanpack ice at a distance farthest from any land mass. According to some reports, the first person to reach the spot on foot was Sir Wally Herbert, who arrived by dogsled in 1968. Southern pole of inaccessibility[edit] Southern pole of inaccessibility Oceanic pole of inaccessibility[edit] Eurasia[edit]

Criss Cross Lacing There is a subtle variation of Criss Cross Lacing that appears in many shoes that come pre-laced from the factory. The lacing starts with the bottom grey section running across the outside and with the first crossover on the inside. The remainder of the lacing is normal. Visually, this is less consistent and thus less appealing. Historically, there was a period when manufacturers were shipping shoes with the lace ends fed into the bottom eyelets and simply tucked away neatly inside the shoe.

Eventually Consistent - Revisited I wrote a first version of this posting on consistency models about a year ago, but I was never happy with it as it was written in haste and the topic is important enough to receive a more thorough treatment. ACM Queue asked me to revise it for use in their magazine and I took the opportunity to improve the article. This is that new version. Eventually Consistent - Building reliable distributed systems at a worldwide scale demands trade-offs between consistency and availability. At the foundation of Amazon's cloud computing are infrastructure services such as Amazon's S3 (Simple Storage Service), SimpleDB, and EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) that provide the resources for constructing Internet-scale computing platforms and a great variety of applications. Under the covers these services are massive distributed systems that operate on a worldwide scale. Historical Perspective In the mid-'90s, with the rise of larger Internet systems, these practices were revisited. Client-side Consistency

"The Best of edw519" is now free. Reverse Happy Birthday! - edw519 The Best of edw519 A Hacker News Top Contributor by Ed Weissman Copyright 2011 by Ed Weissman. All rights reserved. Foreword Who am I? Chapter 1 - Advice to Young Programmers 1. Chapter 2 - Education 21. Chapter 3 - Careers 31. Chapter 4 - Work Habits 49. Chapter 5 - The Programmer's Lifestyle 87. Chapter 6 - Philosophy 119. Chapter 7 - Building Stuff 158. Chapter 8 - Software Business 187. Chapter 9 - Enterprise Life 210. Chapter 10 - Selling 232. Chapter 11 - Just for Fun 245. Who am I? My name is Ed Weissman and I've been programming professionally for 32 years. I've done work for many companies, both enterprises and small/medium businesses. I started out on IBM mainframes, moved to mini-computers, then to PCs, and finally to web-based technologies. I've started three businesses, two with partners and one alone, selling both services and products. I've worked with hundreds of people on over a thousand projects and encountered over a million lines of code. I never get too technical. (Thanks, Mom.) 1. 2.

Bayes' Theorem An Intuitive Explanation of Bayes' Theorem Bayes' Theorem for the curious and bewildered; an excruciatingly gentle introduction. Your friends and colleagues are talking about something called "Bayes' Theorem" or "Bayes' Rule", or something called Bayesian reasoning. They sound really enthusiastic about it, too, so you google and find a webpage about Bayes' Theorem and... It's this equation. So you came here. Why does a mathematical concept generate this strange enthusiasm in its students? Soon you will know. While there are a few existing online explanations of Bayes' Theorem, my experience with trying to introduce people to Bayesian reasoning is that the existing online explanations are too abstract. Or so they claim. And let's begin. Here's a story problem about a situation that doctors often encounter: What do you think the answer is? Next, suppose I told you that most doctors get the same wrong answer on this problem - usually, only around 15% of doctors get it right. No, it does not!

The Epidemic of Mental Illness: Why? by Marcia Angell The Emperor’s New Drugs: Exploding the Antidepressant Myth by Irving Kirsch Basic Books, 226 pp., $15.99 (paper) Anatomy of an Epidemic: Magic Bullets, Psychiatric Drugs, and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America by Robert Whitaker Crown, 404 pp., $26.00 Unhinged: The Trouble With Psychiatry—A Doctor’s Revelations About a Profession in Crisis by Daniel Carlat Free Press, 256 pp., $25.00 It seems that Americans are in the midst of a raging epidemic of mental illness, at least as judged by the increase in the numbers treated for it. A large survey of randomly selected adults, sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and conducted between 2001 and 2003, found that an astonishing 46 percent met criteria established by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for having had at least one mental illness within four broad categories at some time in their lives. What is going on here? The authors emphasize different aspects of the epidemic of mental illness.

Wonder How To » Show & Tell for Creators & Doers Age of the Algorithm Content farms depend heavily on search engines for traffic. Photograph by Marc Rimmer. SOUTH BEND, Ind. This generic piece of sports reporting is remarkable for only one reason: a computer algorithm wrote it. Simply put, an algorithm is a series of instructions that, if properly followed, can lead to the solution of a problem. As computers have become faster and more powerful—and as the costs of storage and bandwidth have plummeted—there is virtually no limit to the specificity, size and complexity of computer algorithms. The algorithm that changed the world was developed in 1998 by two Stanford doctoral students named Larry Page and Sergey Brin. Page and Brin solved these problems by developing an algorithm that paid more attention to how many other pages were linking to a given site—and the authority those pages brought to the subject—rather than just the text on the page. The world beat a path to their door. Spammers aren’t the only ones who want to crack Google’s code.

Liczby pierwsze Liczba pierwsza to liczba naturalna, mająca dokładnie dwa podzielniki: dzieli się przez 1 oraz przez samą siebie (liczba 1 nie zalicza się do liczb pierwszych, gdyż ma tylko 1 podzielnik). Liczby naturalne większe od 1, nie będące liczbami pierwszymi to liczby złożone; można je rozłożyć na czynniki będące liczbami pierwszymi. Początkowe liczby pierwsze to: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, ... Stąd można ściągnąć skompresowany plik tekstowy zawierający 78.498 początkowych liczb pierwszych ( z zakresu do 1.000.000 ). Liczb pierwszych jest nieskończenie wiele. Udowodnił to już ponad dwa tysiące lat temu Euklides. Załóżmy, że zbiór liczb pierwszych jest ograniczony. Gęstość rozmieszczenia liczb pierwszych wśród liczb naturalnych maleje wraz ze wzrostem tych liczb. Wykres poniżej (sporządzony wg tabeli, której fragment widać obok) przedstawia procentowy udział liczb pierwszych wśród liczb naturalnych od 1 do 20.000.000. x = lnN czyli: N = ex dN = ex . dx k = 5. Jan K.

Are you smarter than a Hyena? « Laelaps Spotted Hyena (Crocuta crocuta), the “bad guys” of the African plains. My wife is repulsed by them, but I find something oddly intriguing about these predators; any social carnivore in which the female has a functioning pseudo-phallus nearly indistinguishable from the male’s is bound to stand out. Spotted Hyena are extremely effective, social predators, being much more effective hunters than many people think. The classic African battleground, at least in the mind of the public, features a pride of lions valiantly defending a kill from a pack of dastardly hyenas, laughing and yipping in a way that can only be described as disturbing. Intelligence is a costly thing to have, especially metabolically speaking; it takes a lot of energy to run what’s inside your noggin, so whatever selective forces produced our big brains must have been of considerable advantage (or allowed to keep acting as we were better able to literally feed our brains). But wait, there’s more! Like this: Like Loading...

38 Ways To Win An Argument—Arthur Schopenhauer - The India Uncut Blog - India Uncut For all of you who have ever been involved in an online debate in any way, Arthur Schopenhauer’s “38 Ways To Win An Argument” is indispensable. Most of these techniques will seem familiar to you, right from questioning the motive of a person making the argument instead of the argument itself (No. 35), exaggerating the propositions stated by the other person (No. 1) , misrepresenting the other person’s words (No. 2) and attacking a straw man instead (No. 3). It’s a full handbook of intellectual dishonesty there. Indeed, I generally avoid online debates because they inevitably degenerate to No. 38. The full text is below the fold. Many thanks to my friend Nitin Pai for reintroducing me to it. 38 Ways To Win An Argumentby Arthur Schopenhauer 1 Carry your opponent’s proposition beyond its natural limits; exaggerate it. Phew.

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