How To Become A Hacker Copyright © 2001 Eric S. Raymond As editor of the Jargon File and author of a few other well-known documents of similar nature, I often get email requests from enthusiastic network newbies asking (in effect) "how can I learn to be a wizardly hacker?". Back in 1996 I noticed that there didn't seem to be any other FAQs or web documents that addressed this vital question, so I started this one. If you are reading a snapshot of this document offline, the current version lives at Note: there is a list of Frequently Asked Questions at the end of this document. Numerous translations of this document are available: ArabicBelorussianChinese (Simplified), Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, German, GreekItalianHebrew, Norwegian, PersianPortuguese (Brazilian), RomanianSpanish, Turkish, and Swedish. The five-dots-in-nine-squares diagram that decorates this document is called a glider. If you find this document valuable, please leave me a tip on Gittip. 1.
Frequently Asked Questions These FAQs are designed to provide a better understanding of Creative Commons, our licenses, and our other legal and technical tools. They provide basic information, sometimes about fairly complex topics, and will often link to more detailed information. Other CC FAQs: CC0 Public Domain Dedication and Public Domain Mark. "Licensor", "rights holder", "owner", and "creator" may be used interchangeably to refer to the person or entity applying a CC license. Information about the licenses is primarily made with reference to the 4.0 suite, but earlier license versions are mentioned where they differ. Have a question that isn't answered here? Creative Commons does not provide legal advice. Questions Most Frequently Asked Questions About CC General License Information For Licensors NB: You should never apply a CC license to a work unless you have all the permissions you need to do so. Choosing a license What can I license? Rights other than copyright Business models After licensing For Licensees Data
What does a free culture look like? - FreeCulture.org Wiki A free culture is one where critics don't just vote thumbs-up or thumbs-down on a movie but seriously discuss how a movie could be improved -- and then someone reads their critique and goes out and does it. [1] [2] A free culture is one where being a cover band doesn't lose you any street cred compared to doing your own music from scratch -- and where it starts to become hard to tell the difference. [3] A free culture is one where bad old TV series and movies turn into brilliant remakes and fan fiction on a regular basis -- and bad remakes and fan fiction themselves generate brilliant ones after a few years. A free culture is one where making a tribute to your favorite book or speculating on a logical continuation of an existing book is just as legal as mocking and satirizing a bad book you don't like. [4] A free culture is one where anyone who wants to can try to build a better mousetrap -- and the world beats a network of paths connecting everyone's front door.
Free culture/Culture libre (gratuite) C'est quoi la "Free culture" ? La Free culture correspond à la culture libre, appelée aussi le libre, qui s'appuie sur la notion de bien public et qui, de fait, est d'accès gratuit = libre = free. Musique Écoute libre Deezer : La majorité des titres en écoute sur ce site ont été fournis par les internautes eux-mêmes. L'écoute est gratuite et légale (en accord avec la SACEM). Il existe d'autres sites du même genre, mais certains sont encore en discussion/conflits avec la SACEM et organismes équivalents. Musique libre Sur ces sites, la musique est en écoute gratuite, et leur diffusion ne dépend pas des majors. Labels "équitables" Ces labels de musique en ligne vendent les créations d'artistes qui ont signé chez eux, à l'instar des grandes maisons de disque (EMI, Sony-BMG, Universal...). Selon les sites, l'écoute intégrale des albums avant leur achat est possible. Divers Les Artistes avec nous !! Un site officiel celui de Elliot Murphy : et puis :
What is a Hacker? Copyright © 2001 Eric S. Raymond As editor of the Jargon File and author of a few other well-known documents of similar nature, I often get email requests from enthusiastic network newbies asking (in effect) "how can I learn to be a wizardly hacker?". Back in 1996 I noticed that there didn't seem to be any other FAQs or web documents that addressed this vital question, so I started this one. A lot of hackers now consider it definitive, and I suppose that means it is. If you are reading a snapshot of this document offline, the current version lives at Note: there is a list of Frequently Asked Questions at the end of this document. Numerous translations of this document are available: ArabicBelorussianChinese (Simplified), Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, German, GreekItalianHebrew, Norwegian, PersianPortuguese (Brazilian), RomanianSpanish, Turkish, and Swedish. If you find this document valuable, please leave me a tip on Gittip. 1. 2. 3. 5. 2.
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The Wind Done Gone The Wind Done Gone (2001) is the first novel written by Alice Randall. It was a bestselling historical novel that reinterprets the famous American novel Gone with the Wind (1936) by Margaret Mitchell. Plot summary[edit] The plot of Gone with the Wind revolves around a pampered Southern woman named Scarlett O'Hara, who lives through the American Civil War and Reconstruction. The Wind Done Gone is the same story, but told from the viewpoint of Cynara, a mulatto slave on Scarlett's plantation and the daughter of Scarlett's father and Mammy; the title is an African American Vernacular English sentence that might be rendered "The Wind Has Gone" in Standard American English. Cynara's name comes from the Ernest Dowson poem Non sum qualís eram bonae sub regno Cynarae, a line from which ("I have forgot much, Cynara! Sold from the O'Haras, Cynara eventually makes her way back to Atlanta and becomes the mistress of a white businessman. Characters[edit] Legal controversy[edit] References[edit]
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Copyleft Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Le symbole du copyleft, avec un C « inversé » (tourné à gauche), est l'« opposé » du copyright (C tourné à droite). En 2009, il n'est pas reconnu comme symbole légal. Le copyleft[Note 1] est l'autorisation donnée par l'auteur d'un travail soumis au droit d'auteur (œuvre d'art, texte, programme informatique ou autre) d'utiliser, d'étudier, de modifier et de diffuser son œuvre, dans la mesure où cette même autorisation reste préservée. L'auteur refuse donc que l'évolution possible de son travail soit accompagnée d'une restriction du droit à la copie, à l'étude, ou à de nouvelles évolutions. De ce fait, le contributeur apportant une modification (correction, ajout, réutilisation, etc.) est contraint de redistribuer ses propres contributions avec les mêmes libertés que l'original. Jeu de mots et traductions[modifier | modifier le code] Le terme copyleft est un jeu de mot construit par opposition au terme copyright. — Richard Stallman
Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism by Richard Stallman Every decision a person makes stems from the person's values and goals. People can have many different goals and values; fame, profit, love, survival, fun, and freedom, are just some of the goals that a good person might have. When the goal is a matter of principle, we call that idealism. My work on free software is motivated by an idealistic goal: spreading freedom and cooperation. I want to encourage free software to spread, replacing proprietary software that forbids cooperation, and thus make our society better. That's the basic reason why the GNU General Public License is written the way it is—as a copyleft. Not everyone who uses the GNU GPL has this goal. “Sometimes I work on free software, and sometimes I work on proprietary software—but when I work on proprietary software, I expect to get paid.” If you want to accomplish something in the world, idealism is not enough—you need to choose a method that works to achieve the goal. Consider GNU C++.
The GNU Manifesto The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by Richard Stallman in 1985 to ask for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it unchanged. Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that different wording could help avoid. If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the 100% free software GNU/Linux distributions. The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for freedom for users of software. What's GNU? GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away free to everyone who can use it.(1) Several other volunteers are helping me. GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. Why I Must Write GNU
Gratis versus libre An advertising mascot dressed as a mug of beer, holding a sign saying "Piwo gratis" (Polish for "free beer") in the centre of Kraków, Poland advertising beer being given away without cost. Lucha Libre is a form of freestyle wrestling and is "free" since it is comparatively unrestricted. Gratis versus libre is the distinction between two meanings of the English adjective "free"; namely, "for zero price" (gratis) and "with little or no restriction" (libre). The terms are largely used to categorise intellectual property, particularly computer programs, according to the licenses and legal restrictions that cover them, in the free software and open source communities, as well as the broader free culture movement. Richard Stallman summarised the difference in a slogan: "Think free as in free speech, not free beer Gratis[edit] Libre [edit] "Free beer" vs "free speech" distinction [edit] "Free software is a matter of liberty, not price. 1. See also[edit] [edit] References[edit] External links[edit]
Definition/It - Definition of Free Cultural Works Versione stabile Questa è la versione stabile 1.1 della definizione. Il numero di versione verrà aggiornato con lo sviluppo della definizione. La versione modificabile della definizione si trova su Definition/Unstable (in inglese). Si veda authoring process per maggiori informazioni, e translations se vuoi contribuire a una versione in una lingua differente. Riassunto[edit] Questo documento definisce le "Opere Culturali Libere" ("Free Cultural Works") come opere o espressioni che possono essere liberamente studiate, utilizzate, copiate e/o modificate da chiunque, per qualsiasi scopo. Preambolo[edit] I progressi sociali e tecnologici rendono possibile a una crescente parte dell'umanità di accedere, creare, modificare, pubblicare e distribuire vari tipi di opere - opere d'arte, materiali scientifici ed educativi, software, articoli - in breve: tutto ciò che può essere rappresentato in forma digitale. Identificare le Opere Culturali Libere[edit] Definire le Free Culture Licenses[edit]
GNU Project The GNU logo, by Etienne Suvasa The GNU Project i/ɡnuː/[1] is a free software, mass collaboration project, announced on 27 September 1983, by Richard Stallman at MIT. In order to ensure that the entire software of a computer grants its users all freedom rights (use, share, study, modify), even the most fundamental and important part, the operating system (including all its numerous utility programs), needed to be written. The project's current work includes software development, awareness building, political campaigning and sharing of the new material. Origins[edit] Richard Stallman announced his intent to start coding the GNU Project in a Usenet message in September 1983.[3] Once the kernel and the compiler were finished GNU was able to be used for program development. The origins and development of most aspects of the GNU Project (and free software in general) are shared in a detailed narrative in the Emacs help system. GNU Manifesto[edit] Philosophy and activism[edit] Participation[edit]