La curiosité n'est pas un « vilain » défaut chez les souris Dans notre quotidien, nous sommes fréquemment confrontés à des prises de décision. Quand il s'agit de choisir entre différentes options, celles-ci peuvent être sures et connues, ou bien plus incertaines. Estimer le « degré d'incertitude » associé à ces alternatives est indispensable pour prendre une décision adaptée. Cette évaluation joue sur notre motivation à tenter des actions aux conséquences incertaines, à être curieux. Elle peut aider à mieux connaître notre environnement et ainsi améliorer la réussite des actions futures. Jusqu'à présent, la manière dont l'évaluation de l'incertitude était régulée restait méconnue. Première étape : les souris étaient placées dans une arène constituée de trois zones, chacune d'elle étant corrélée à l'obtention d'une récompense. Ces résultats établissent clairement le rôle de l'acétylcholine dans la motivation induite spécifiquement par l'incertitude du résultat. © Naudé, Faure (CNRS/UPMC/Inserm) Télécharger le communiqué de presse : Notes :
Neuromyths in Education: Prevalence and Predictors of Misconceptions among Teachers | Psychology Introduction There is widespread interest among teachers in the application of neuroscientific research findings in educational practice. Neuroscientific research has received a lot of attention since 1990–2000, which was declared the “Decade of the Brain” in the United States. Yet, the field of neuroscience is complex and the accurate transfer of research findings to the classroom is often difficult (Jolles et al., 2005; Devonshire and Dommett, 2010; Ansari et al., 2011). This gap between neuroscience and education has enabled many misconceptions about scientific findings to occur (Goswami, 2006). In 2002, the Brain and Learning project of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) drew international attention to this phenomenon. Although neuromyths are incorrect assertions about how the brain is involved in learning, their origin often lies in genuine scientific findings. Materials and Methods Participants Procedure Measures Data Analysis Results Table 1. Table 2. 1.
Getting to the root of Latvian philosophy RIGA - In a recent poll to find 100 important Latvian personalities, Teodors Celms made a somewhat surprise showing on the list. Celms was that rarest of things in Latvia 's a professional philosopher. Although his heyday was in the 1920s and 1930s, he still remains arguably the only homegrown philosopher of any real significance. But what is his legacy, if any? Does philosophy even have a role to play in society beyond the lecture rooms of the University of Latvia's faculty of philosophy? TBT set out to investigate the state of things. Celma has been teaching esthetics and Russian philosophy at the University of Latvia for almost 40 years. The associate professor doesn't appear especially interested in discussing her grand uncle's achievements, although she frequently references him in her lectures. "Latvia doesn't have any great philosophers," Celma muses. Maija Kule, for one, believes there is. "Teodors Celms was our best philosopher," Kule explains.
EnglishClub Frontiers in Neuroscience The specialty sections of Frontiers in Neuroscience welcome submission of the following article types: Book Review, Case Report, Clinical Trial, Correction, Data Report, Editorial, General Commentary, Hypothesis and Theory, Methods, Mini Review, Opinion, Original Research, Perspective, Protocols, Review, Specialty Grand Challenge, Technology Report, Systematic Review, Conceptual Analysis, Clinical Study Protocol, CPC, Focused Review and Frontiers Commentary. When submitting a manuscript to Frontiers in Neuroscience, authors must submit the material directly to one of the specialty sections. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed by the Associate and Review Editors of the respective specialty section. Articles published in the specialty sections above will benefit from the Frontiers impact and tiering system after online publication.
Elon Musk: The World's Raddest Man This is Part 1 of a four-part series on Elon Musk’s companies. PDF and ebook options: We made a fancy PDF of this post for printing and offline viewing (see a preview here), and an ebook containing the whole four-part Elon Musk series: Last month, I got a surprising phone call. Elon Musk, for those unfamiliar, is the world’s raddest man. I’ll use this post to explore how he became a self-made billionaire and the real-life inspiration for Iron Man’s Tony Stark, but for the moment, I’ll let Richard Branson explain things briefly: Whatever skeptics have said can’t be done, Elon has gone out and made real. So no, that was not a phone call I had been expecting. A few days later, I found myself in pajama pants, pacing frantically around my apartment, on the phone with Elon Musk. For me, this project was one of the biggest no-brainers in history. – “electric vs hybrid vs gas cars, deal with tesla, sustainable energy” – “spacex, musk, mars?? So it was on. Zeus would have been less stressful. Mm hm.
Explicitement Vôtre: Tout ce qu'il faut savoir sur les neuromythes - Elena Pasquinelli Voici une conférence donnée par Elena Pasquinelli, chercheuse spécialisée dans l’application des sciences cognitives à des domaines d’intérêt social. Cette prestation est passionnante tant par le contenu, clairement énoncé et argumenté, que par la forme et un discours bien senti, non dépourvu d’humour. Je vous conseille vivement de visionner le clip dans son intégralité. Aujourd’hui, la prise de décision fait l’objet de deux tendances ; certains pensent qu’elle doit s’appuyer sur nos intuitions, nos instincts, d’autres disent qu’elle doit s’aider de la science. L’essentiel de son exposé tourne donc autour des neuromythes qu’elle présente, dont elle fait l’historique et qu’elle démonte : Effet Mozart – Tout se joue avant 3 ans – Plasticité du cerveau (cerveau multi-tâches ; techno mythes) – Cerveau droit/gauche (A cette occasion, elle démonte l’argumentaire du programme Brain Gym)– Entraînement « musculaire » du cerveau – Nous n’utilisons que 10 % de notre cerveau.
Philosophy in the Soviet Union From the beginning of Bolshevik regime, the aim of official Soviet philosophy (which was taught as an obligatory subject for every course[source?]), was the theoretical justification of Communist ideas. For this reason, "Sovietologists", among whom the most famous were Józef Maria Bocheński, professor of philosophy at the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas and Gustav Wetter, have often claimed Soviet philosophy was close to nothing but dogma. However, since the 1917 October Revolution, it was marked by both philosophical and political struggles, which call into question any monolithic reading. Evald Vasilevich Ilyenkov was one of the main philosophers of the 1960s, who revisited the 1920s debate between "mechanicists" and "dialecticians" in Leninist Dialectics and Metaphysics of Positivism (1979). Philosophical and political struggles in the Soviet Union[edit] Otherwise, David Riazanov was named director of the Marx-Engels Institute, which he had founded, in 1920.
Make Beliefs Comix A neuroscientist explains why working out in the morning is best for your brain - Ideapod blog What is the best exercise for your brain? I’m sure it’s something we’ve all wondered before. According to Dr. However, we don’t have to engage in heavy aerobic exercise every day. However, what isn’t as well known is the best time of day to practice this aerobic exercise. While many people think that working out in the evening encourages the most benefits because it burns the fat from a day of eating, the evidence is actually showing something different. In the video below, Dr. However, in contrast, you’re not required to use your brain in the evening (for most of us, that is). So, to maximise the daily effects of exercise on your brain, Dr. Research has backed this up for several other reasons as well. And for one last fact to inspire you to workout in the morning: a recent study has found that you can burn up to 20 percent more body fat by exercising in the morning before your first meal. Watch neuroscientist Dr.
Secrets From The Brains Of 13 Creative Geniuses In 1963, Nancy Andreasen was the first female tenure-tracked English professor at the University of Iowa. Soon after, her first book about the poet John Donne was accepted by a publisher. Her career was off to a smashing start, but she had a nagging feeling. "Who would this book help?" Within a month, she enrolled in the medical school at the University of Iowa. In her latest study, which she recently wrote about for the Atlantic, Andreasen scanned the brains of 13 of the most famous scientists, mathematicians, artists, and writers alive today. The study was challenging given how hard it is to pin down the creative process. Andreasen had to find a way to study these creative minds at work. In her findings she has distilled some key patterns in the minds of creative geniuses. Creative people like to teach themselves rather than be taught by others. Think of all the creative geniuses who were high school drop-outs—Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg.
Qu'est-ce qu'un "neuromythe?" L'utilisation avertie des connaissances concernant le cerveau et ses fonctions peut nous conduire à de meilleurs choix et décisions, plus informés et conformes à la réalité. C'est le cas notamment dans le domaine de l'éducation, où le cerveau et ses modifications dues à l'apprentissage sont au coeur des pratiques. Mais pour que cette utilisation soit profitable, il est nécessaire qu'on sache identifier, dans la masse d'informations en circulation, celles fondées sur les faits. La place de plus en plus importante que prennent les sciences du cerveau dans notre société s'accompagne en effet par ailleurs de simplifications excessives, de distorsions des résultats expérimentaux et de leurs interprétations, de mécompréhensions - d'idées irréalistes, non fondées sur les faits, que nos propres intuitions et espoirs contribuent à renforcer. Un cas de neuromythe Les neuromythes sont une classe spécifique de croyances concernant le fonctionnement de notre cerveau Génèse des neuromythes Quoi faire?
Criminology word list - Vocabulary List