Infinitive and Gerund Exercises and Tests on Infinitive and Gerund There are certain words in English that are usually followed by an infinitive or gerund. If you are not sure whether to use the infinitive or gerund, check out our lists or look the words up in a dictionary. Infinitive Use Certain words are followed by an infinite verb with or without ‘to’. Gerund Form ing form of the verb Exceptions in Spelling See → Present Progressive – Exceptions Certain words are followed by an Ing-Form. Words followed either by Infinitive or Ing-Form Exercises and Tests Infinitive Gerund Infinitive / Gerund Tests on Infinitive and Gerund Level 1 • Level 2 • Level 3 • Level 4
Reporting Verbs for Advanced Level ESL Learners and Classes When using reported speech, most students learn to use "say" and "tell": Examples: John told me he was going to stay late at work. Peter said he wanted to visit his parents that weekend. These forms are perfectly correct for reporting what others have said. For more information on reported speech, this overview of reported speech provides a guide on which transformations are required to use the form. Related Grammar Basic Reported (Indirect) Speech Indirect Speech Transformations Quiz 1 Indirect Speech Transformations Quiz 2 More Grammar Reference
The Syrian Refugee Crisis Explained Perfectly With a Simple Animation & Video In September 2015, the body of a three-year-old Syrian boy was found floating on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Photographs of the boy were quick to get circulated world over, and the world responded with a massive outcry over the Syrian civil war and refugee crisis. This was the first time the Syrian crisis was globally recognised as a burning issue, and one that needs to be addressed with utmost urgency. This video, by In a Nutshell , speaks about how the Syrian crisis is an international issue, and how it all started with countrywide unrest and the civil war in Syria. Apart from the succinct explanation of the overarching issue, the video also explains the role of the neighbouring countries in aiding and giving asylum to refugees in their greatest hour of need. Watch this video to get a better understanding of the larger Syrian issue and learn about what measures we can take to offer help to the affected people. Video created by In a Nutshell .
Wh- Question Clauses – Reported / Indirect Speech Restate a question within a clause (reported speech) Quoted Questions vs. Restated Questions Wh-question: Who, What, Where, Why, When and How The main clause (matrix clause) is the independent clause and the subordinate clause (embedded clause) is the dependent clause. In reported speech, no additional punctuation (quotation marks, comma, or question mark) is used. Ask Synonyms ask (V) – request information → My father always asks how I am doing. Also see Said Synonyms. Adjustments Word Order / Person & Number ¹subordinate marker – who, what, where, why, when, how perspective (N) – point of view; how someone relates to surroundings: person (you, i we); place (here, there); time (now, then); direction (coming, going) See deixis. Time / Location ¹subordinate marker– who, what, where, why, when, how ²direction: change coming to going if both speaker and listener do not share a location Adjusting Perspective (deixis) Adjusting Perspective Deictic words Person Deixis Time and Place Deixis Advanced
While You Were Sleeping: Reported Speech This a very funny scene. Your students will enjoy it a lot. Tell me if you like it or give suggestions by leaving a comment, please. Before you watch the segment:Talk to a partner about the following situations. Decide what you would do: 1) What would you do if you saw someone falling on the subway tracks? 2) If you saved someone's life, would you expect a financial reward? 3) Would you hide a secret in order not to hurt a stranger's feelings? Now watch the movie segment and decide who said each of the following lines:Lucy (Sandra Bullock) A Doctor A Nurse A Police Officer1) Will you marry me? 2) Are you okay? 3) There’s a train coming and it’s fast 4) Are you family? 5) She’s his fiancee 6) I need to ask you a few questions 7) He is in a coma 8) He was pushed from the platform at the train station 9) She jumped on the tracks 10) She saved his life. _____________________________ Now rewrite the sentences, using reported speech: EX: 1) Lucy asked if he would marry her. 2) Lucy asked if he was okay.
Reported Speech Click here for a list of reported speech exercises.Click here to download this explanation in PDF. Reported Statements When do we use reported speech? Watch my reported speech video: Here's how it works: We use a 'reporting verb' like 'say' or 'tell'. Direct speech: I like ice cream.Reported speech: She says (that) she likes ice cream. We don't need to change the tense, though probably we do need to change the 'person' from 'I' to 'she', for example. (As I'm sure you know, often, we can choose if we want to use 'that' or not in English. But, if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then usually we change the tenses in the reported speech: Direct speech: I like ice cream.Reported speech: She said (that) she liked ice cream. * doesn't change. Occasionally, we don't need to change the present tense into the past if the information in direct speech is still true (but this is only for things which are general facts, and even then usually we like to change the tense): Reported Questions
Monotheism: Islam, Judaism & Christianity In this lesson, we define monotheism and identify three significant monotheistic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. We also discuss the ideology of each of these three religions. Explore our library of over 10,000 lessons Click "next lesson" whenever you finish a lesson and quiz. Got It You now have full access to our lessons and courses. You're 25% of the way through this course! The first step is always the hardest! Way to go! Congratulations on earning a badge for watching 10 videos but you've only scratched the surface. You've just watched 20 videos and earned a badge for your accomplishment! You've just earned a badge for watching 50 different lessons. You just watched your 100th video lesson. Congratulations! Congratulations! You are a superstar! Incredible. You have earned a badge for watching 20 minutes of lessons. You have earned a badge for watching 50 minutes of lessons. You have earned a badge for watching 100 minutes of lessons.
If It Were My Home UN Women - Find your inner womens right activist Unity Dow Unity Dow was the first female High Court judge in Botswana. She was a plaintiff in a historic case that allowed children of Botswanan women and foreign men to be considered Botswanan. Unity was also one of three judges who decided on the internationally known Kgalandi court decision, concerning the rights of the San people of Botswana to return to their ancestral lands. Vandana Shiva Vandana Shiva is an Indian environmental activist and author. Wangari Muta Maathai Wangari Muta Maathai is the founder of the Green Belt Movement, an indigenous grass-roots organization that focuses on planting trees to replenish the environment and improve the quality of life for women. Shirin Ebadi Shirin Ebadi is a former judge and human rights activist, and is also the founder of the Defenders of Human Rights Center in Iran, which focuses on the rights of women, children and refugees. Tawakkol Karman Tawakkol Karman is a journalist, politician and human rights activist. Simone de Beauvoir Mafalda
A tale of two brothers | LearnEnglish Teens | British Council Lesbos, Greece Ali, 17 years old: I’m on my own except for my brother. I worry about him a lot. If I didn’t care so much about him, I wouldn’t have brought him with me. Our parents raised him and took care of him but now I’m the one who has to look after him. In the region where we are from there is the conflict in Syria, there is ISIS, there are many conflicts. Two weeks later Ali and Ahmed reached Germany. Ali: Germany is very beautiful … safe … organised … Braunschweig Children’s Home Ali: I’m not looking for a lot here.