DjVu DjVu has been promoted as an alternative to PDF, promising smaller files than PDF for most scanned documents.[4] The main difference between DjVu and PDF is that DjVu is a pure raster file format while a PDF file can contain both vector and raster graphics. The DjVu developers report that color magazine pages compress to 40–70 kB, black and white technical papers compress to 15–40 kB, and ancient manuscripts compress to around 100 kB; a satisfactory JPEG image typically requires 500 kB.[5] Like PDF, DjVu can contain an OCR text layer, making it easy to perform copy and paste and text search operations. Free browser plug-ins and desktop viewers from different developers are available from the djvu.org website. DjVu is supported by a number of multi-format document viewers and e-book reader software on Linux (Okular, Evince), Windows (SumatraPDF), and iOS (Stanza). History[edit] The Djvu technology was originally developed[5] by Yann LeCun, Léon Bottou, Patrick Haffner, and Paul G.
Handle.Net Registry mgylling/epub-testsuite Portable Document Format Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format used to present documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.[1] Each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the text, fonts, graphics, and other information needed to display it. In 1991, Adobe Systems co-founder John Warnock outlined a system called "Camelot"[2] that evolved into PDF. While Adobe Systems made the PDF specification available free of charge in 1993, PDF was a proprietary format, controlled by Adobe, until it was officially released as an open standard on July 1, 2008, and published by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO 32000-1:2008,[3][4] at which time control of the specification passed to an ISO Committee of volunteer industry experts. History[edit] In 2008 Adobe Systems' PDF Reference 1.7 became ISO 32000:1:2008. Adobe specifications[edit] The specifications for PDF are backward inclusive. PDF 1.7[edit]
ePUBSecrets iBooks Author iBooks Author (iBA) is an e-book authoring application by Apple Inc. Documents created with iBooks Author may be exported as PDF files or be published to the Apple iBooks Bookstore. iBooks Author is available free of charge. Apple released iBooks Author on January 19, 2012 at an education-focused special event in New York City.[2] Simultaneously, Apple also released iBooks 2 and a new iBooks Bookstore category for textbooks.[3] The software is proprietary and available only for Mac OS X. Apple describes iBooks Author as a tool for "educators and smaller publishers to create their own books".[2] Documents created by iBooks Author may only be sold for a fee if they are accepted by and distributed by Apple,[4][5] but authors also have the option to distribute their work anywhere if the work is being distributed for free.[6] A new version of iBooks Author was released on October 23, 2012. References[edit] External links[edit] Official homepage
Amazon Kindle Naming and evolution[edit] The Kindle name was devised by branding consultant Michael Cronan who was asked by Lab 126 to name the product. Cronan and partner Karin Hibma suggested Kindle, meaning to light a fire.[3] They felt this was an apt metaphor for reading and intellectual excitement.[4] Kindle hardware has evolved from the original Kindle introduced in 2007 and a Kindle DX line (with a larger screen) introduced in 2009. The range now includes devices with a keyboard (Kindle Keyboard), devices with touch-sensitive screens (Kindle Paperwhite), a tablet computer with a reader app and a color display (Kindle Fire), and a low-priced model with an on-screen keyboard (Kindle). In the last three months of 2010, Amazon announced that in the United States, their e-book sales had surpassed sales of paperback books for the first time.[10] Devices[edit] E Ink[edit] First generation[edit] Kindle[edit] A first generation Kindle It is the only Kindle with expandable memory, via an SD card slot.
Hard disk drive A disassembled and labeled 1997 HDD laying atop a mirror. Overview of how an HDD functions The two most common form factors for modern HDDs are 3.5-inch in desktop computers and 2.5-inch in laptops. HDDs are connected to systems by standard interface cables such as SATA (Serial ATA), USB or SAS (Serial attached SCSI) cables. As of 2012[update], the primary competing technology for secondary storage is flash memory in the form of solid-state drives (SSDs). History[edit] Video of modern HDD operation (cover removed) HDDs were introduced in 1956 as data storage for an IBM real-time transaction processing computer[3] and were developed for use with general purpose mainframe and minicomputers. In 1961 IBM introduced the model 1311 disk drive, which was about the size of a washing machine and stored two million characters on a removable disk pack. In 1973, IBM introduced a new type of HDD codenamed "Winchester". External HDDs remained popular for much longer on the Apple Macintosh.
Secure Digital Type of memory storage for portable devices Secure Digital, officially abbreviated as SD, is a proprietary non-volatile flash memory card format developed by the SD Association (SDA) for use in portable devices. The standard was introduced in August 1999 by joint efforts between SanDisk, Panasonic (Matsushita) and Toshiba as an improvement over MultiMediaCards (MMCs),[1] and has become the industry standard. The three companies formed SD-3C, LLC, a company that licenses and enforces intellectual property rights associated with SD memory cards and SD host and ancillary products.[2] The companies also formed the SD Association (SDA), a non-profit organization, in January 2000 to promote and create SD Card standards.[3] SDA today has about 1,000 member companies. The SDA uses several trademarked logos owned and licensed by SD-3C to enforce compliance with its specifications and assure users of compatibility.[4] History[edit] 1999–2005: Creation and introduction of smaller formats[edit] Notes:
Home » The M-DISC™ iOS iOS (previously iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. and distributed exclusively for Apple hardware. The user interface of iOS is based on the concept of direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures. Interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. Interaction with the OS includes gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch, all of which have specific definitions within the context of the iOS operating system and its multi-touch interface. Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device (one common result is the undo command) or rotating it in three dimensions (one common result is switching from portrait to landscape mode). Major versions of iOS are released annually. History[edit] Apple had released the iPod Touch, which had most of the non-phone capabilities of the iPhone. In June 2010, Apple rebranded iPhone OS as "iOS". Software updates[edit] Features[edit] Home Screen[edit] Folders[edit]
Apple iWatch release date, news and rumours What time is it? If you check your smartwatch, you may find that it's a text message past a Twitter notification but if you check the zeitgeist, you'll find that it's wearable tech time. After more than a year of relegation to "next big thing" status, the smartwatch is finally breaking out into the mainstream with the likes of the Samsung Galaxy Gear and Sony Smartwatch 2 following where Kickstarter phenomenon Pebble led. But we're yet to see a watch with true wow-factor and, for that, many are looking to Apple. Rumors of an Apple smartwatch have abounded since Pebble first hit the big time. Cut to the chaseWhat is it? We've rounded up all the rumors and speculation to keep things ticking (geddit!) Does the iWatch even exist? That's the million dollar question, and one that only the Apple insiders really know the answer to for now. Now for the longer answer: But a trademark does not a definite product launch make. The Nike connection Design guru Jony Ive, in particular, is a fan.
iPhone Line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. History and availability Development of what was to become the iPhone began in 2004, when Apple started to gather a team of 1,000 employees led by hardware engineer Tony Fadell, software engineer Scott Forstall and design engineer Sir Jonathan Ive[3] to work on the highly confidential "Project Purple".[4][5] Apple CEO Steve Jobs steered the original focus away from a tablet (which Apple eventually revisited in the form of the iPad) towards a phone.[6] Apple created the device during a secretive collaboration with Cingular Wireless (which became AT&T Mobility) at the time—at an estimated development cost of US$150 million over thirty months.[7] According to Steve Jobs, the "i" word in "iMac" (and therefore "iPod", "iPhone" and "iPad") stands for internet, individual, instruct, inform, and inspire.[8][9] Worldwide iPhone availability: iPhone available since its original release iPhone available since the release of iPhone 3G Coming soon
Apple TV Apple TV (marketed as TV) is a digital media player and a microconsole developed and sold by Apple Inc. It is a small network appliance and entertainment device that can receive digital data from a number of sources and stream it to capable TV for playing on the TV screen. The most recent version of Apple TV is the third generation, introduced on March 7, 2012, incorporating the higher resolution (1080p) video standard. History[edit] Original design[edit] Apple TV started shipping on March 21, 2007 with a 40 GB hard disk.[3][4] Apple released a 160 GB model on May 31, 2007; and ceased selling the 40 GB version from September 14, 2009.[5] On January 15, 2008, a major (and free) software upgrade was announced, that turned the Apple TV into a stand-alone device that no longer required a computer running iTunes on Mac OS X or Windows to stream or sync content to it, and making most of the Apple TV's hard disk redundant. Later versions[edit] Features[edit] Local sources[edit] Connectivity[edit]