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NOVA Online/Pyramids/Ancient Egypt Our history of Egypt begins around the year 3,000 BC with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt into one united kingdom. Under this new ruling dynasty, the first King was Menes, and thirty dynasties would follow. It was at this time that hieroglyphic writing made its first appearance, in the tombs and treasures of the pharaohs. To seal the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, Menes founded the capital city of the kingdom at the place where the two met: at the apex of the Nile, where it fans out onto the fertile silt plain. The fortress city was named "White Walls" by Menes, but it is known today by its Greek name, Memphis. For much of the 3,000 years of ancient Egypt, it remained the capital seat of the pharaohs. How does the pyramid fit into early Egyptian life? Pictures on the walls of tombs tell us about the lives of the Kings and their families. (continued) Photos: (1) Mark Lehner; (3) Aaron Strong Pyramids Home | Pyramids | ExcavationContents | Mail

The Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs Ancient Egyptian pharaohs were considered to be both divine deities as well as mortal rulers. Throughout the 30+ dynasties in ancient Egyptian history, it is speculated that some 170 or more rulers reigned over the great land of Egypt during a three thousand year time span. The throne of Egypt was primarily intended to be succeeded from father to son, however in many cases this line of kingship was interrupted by murder, mayhem and mysterious disappearances. Pharaohs were the god kings of ancient Egypt who ruled between 3150 B.C. and 30 B.C. (when Rome conquered Egypt). © Xuan Che - Pharaoh's Bust Definition: the word pharaoh refers to the title of the ancient Egyptian kings. Thirty-one Dynasties ruled from the Early Dynastic Period to the Ptolemaic Period. 10 Famous Pharaohs Below is a top 10 of the most famous Egyptian pharaohs: Tutankhamun (aka King Tut) restored the capital to Thebes after the death of Akhenaten and restored the worship of the old gods. Symbols of Kingship Coronation

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