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Minimalism

Minimalism
In the visual arts and music, minimalism is a style that uses pared-down design elements. §Minimal art, minimalism in visual art[edit] In France between 1947 and 1948,[12] Yves Klein conceived his Monotone Symphony (1949, formally The Monotone-Silence Symphony) that consisted of a single 20-minute sustained chord followed by a 20-minute silence[13][14] – a precedent to both La Monte Young's drone music and John Cage's 4′33″. There have been some further constructions of what I wrote that go over into preposterousness: That I regard flatness and the inclosing of flatness not just as the limiting conditions of pictorial art, but as criteria of aesthetic quality in pictorial art; that the further a work advances the self-definition of an art, the better that work is bound to be. Because of a tendency in minimal art to exclude the pictorial, illusionistic and fictive in favor of the literal, there was a movement away from painterly and toward sculptural concerns. §Minimalist design[edit]

The Different Elements that Bring Together Minimalistic Design Minimalistic designs are trending in today’s world. The reason for that is designers are looking and aiming at creating designs that are lightweight and friendly to the viewers yet elegant in its own way. Who would have thought it would be trending with all the delicious technology that is being rolled out such as CSS3 and HTML5. For those who are creating minimal yet modern designs, we discuss six different elements or aspects that deem a design minimalistic. Grid Based Grid based web design is major key role in minimalistic design and there are reasons for that. The nice thing about grid systems is they allow you to play with creativity as well as strengthen your layouts and design eliminating busy and chaotic designs that generally arise. Light Background Textures and Patterns Another piece of the minimalist puzzle is to have lightweight background textures and patterns. Clear Typography Minimize Icon Use White space is Delicious Minimalism in design is all about the white space. Showcase

Instrumentalism In the philosophy of science, instrumentalism is the view that a scientific theory is a useful instrument in understanding the world. A concept or theory should be evaluated by how effectively it explains and predicts phenomena, as opposed to how accurately it describes objective reality. Instrumentalism avoids the debate between anti-realism and philosophical or scientific realism. It may be better characterized as non-realism. Instrumentalism shifts the basis of evaluation away from whether or not phenomena observed actually exist, and towards an analysis of whether the results and evaluation fit with observed phenomena. Explanation[edit] Historically, science and scientific theories have advanced as more detailed observations and results about the world have been made. Instrumentalism is particularly popular in the field of economics, where researchers postulate fictional economies and actors. An instrumentalist position was put forward by Ernst Mach. Critiques and responses[edit]

Åh Phenomenalism Phenomenalism is the view that physical objects cannot justifiably be said to exist in themselves, but only as perceptual phenomena or sensory stimuli (e.g. redness, hardness, softness, sweetness, etc.) situated in time and in space. In particular, some forms of phenomenalism reduce talk about physical objects in the external world to talk about bundles of sense-data. History[edit] Phenomenalism is a radical form of empiricism. Kant's "epistemological phenomenalism", as it has been called, is therefore quite distinct from Berkeley's earlier ontological version. In the late 19th century, an even more extreme form of phenomenalism was formulated by Ernst Mach, later developed and refined by Russell, Ayer and the logical positivists. Logical positivism, a movement begun as a small circle which grew around the philosopher Moritz Schlick in Vienna, inspired many philosophers in the English speaking world from the 1930s through the 1950s. Criticisms[edit] References[edit] Bibliography[edit]

On minimalism Post written by Leo Babauta. Follow me on Twitter. How does ‘simple’ differ from ‘minimalist’? That’s the question someone asked me on Twitter recently, and it’s a good one. Zen Habits has become known as a leading simplicity blog, and at the same time I recently started mnmlist, a blog about minimalism. Why the two blogs? First, let’s acknowledge that the two concepts are related, and in some ways are two ways of saying the same thing. Each concept is really a striking back against the growing complexity of the modern world, against consumerism, against the mindset that we need to buy to solve our problems, that we need more and bigger. So how is minimalism different? Minimalism says that what’s unnecessary is a luxury, and a waste. Now, exactly what is essential will vary from person to person. I talk more about my recommendations in my ebook, The Simple Guide to a Minimalist Life. Some recent articles at mnmlist you might find useful:

Empiricism John Locke, a leading philosopher of British empiricism Empiricism is a theory which states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience.[1] One of several views of epistemology, the study of human knowledge, along with rationalism and skepticism, empiricism emphasizes the role of experience and evidence, especially sensory experience, in the formation of ideas, over the notion of innate ideas or traditions;[2] empiricists may argue however that traditions (or customs) arise due to relations of previous sense experiences.[3] Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, says that "knowledge is based on experience" and that "knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification. Etymology[edit] The English term "empirical" derives from the Greek word ἐμπειρία, which is cognate with and translates to the Latin experientia, from which we derive the word "experience" and the related "experiment". History[edit] Background[edit] See also[edit]

Steve Jobs Personal Uniform | Minimalist Tees I just read about the story behind Steve Jobs famous black-turtle-neck-and-jeans uniform in his biography, it goes like this: In Japanese factories all the workers where uniforms, something that started after the war when no one had any clothes and it bacame a way of bonding workers to the company. Jobs learned of this and decided he wanted that kind of bonding at Apple so he called Issey Miyake, the designer of uniforms for Sony, to create uniforms for Apple. Jobs suggested everyone at apple wear the uniforms but they all disagreed and booed him off the stage. But in the process He became friends with Miyake and started to like the idea of having a uniform for himself, because of both its daily convenience (the rational he claimed) and its a ability to convey a signature style. From the book: “So I asked Issey to make me some of his black turtlenecks that I like, and he made me a hundred of them.”

Falsifiability Falsifiability or refutability of a statement, hypothesis, or theory is an inherent possibility to prove it to be false. A statement is called falsifiable if it is possible to conceive an observation or an argument which proves the statement in question to be false. In this sense, falsify is synonymous with nullify, meaning not "to commit fraud" but "show to be false". Some philosophers argue that science must be falsifiable.[1] For example, by the problem of induction, no number of confirming observations can verify a universal generalization, such as All swans are white, yet it is logically possible to falsify it by observing a single black swan. The concern with falsifiability gained attention by way of philosopher of science Karl Popper's scientific epistemology "falsificationism". Overview[edit] The classical view of the philosophy of science is that it is the goal of science to prove hypotheses like "All swans are white" or to induce them from observational data. Criticisms[edit]

Welcome to Bob Roncker's Running Spot The topics of minimalist shoes and the natural running movement have been piquing the interest of runners, including those of us at Bob Roncker’s Running Spot, the last couple of years. We’ve thoroughly studied the subjects so we can fulfill our responsibility and give you, our customers, sound advice. As a specialty retailer, and we hope we are special, we want to share accurate information regarding advantages or disadvantages based upon your running form, current shoes, and overall goals. This helps you make more prudent decisions. We view the minimalist shoe category as primarily a supplemental piece to other classifications of footwear. Of course there will be exceptions, but most of you will probably use these shoes to complement what you already have. We define minimalist footwear as those shoes having a heel to toe offset of no more than 5 mm. You might ask, “Why should I consider minimalist type footwear?” As we run, we are momentarily airborne. • They are not for everyone.

Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is influential in political philosophy. Bentham and Mill believed that a utilitarian government was achievable through democracy. Mill thought that despotism was also justifiable through utilitarianism as a transitional phase towards more democratic forms of governance. As an advocate of liberalism, Mill stressed the relationship between utilitarianism and individualism.[10] Historical background[edit] The importance of happiness as an end for humans has long been recognized. Although utilitarianism is usually thought to start with Jeremy Bentham, there were earlier writers who presented theories that were strikingly similar. Hume says that all determinations of morality, this circumstance of public utility principally important. In the first three editions of the book, Hutcheson included various mathematical algorithms "...to compute the Morality of any Actions." This pursuit of happiness is given a theological basis:[22] …actions are to be estimated by their tendency.

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