Nervous System: Interactive Views and Information

[Continued from above] . . . conditions inside and outside of the body and send this information to the CNS. Efferent nerves in the PNS carry signals from the control center to the muscles, glands, and organs to regulate their functions. Nervous TissueThe majority of the nervous system is tissue made up of two classes of cells: neurons and neuroglia. Neurons. Brain The brain, a soft, wrinkled organ that weighs about 3 pounds, is located inside the cranial cavity, where the bones of the skull surround and protect it. Spinal CordThe spinal cord is a long, thin mass of bundled neurons that carries information through the vertebral cavity of the spine beginning at the medulla oblongata of the brain on its superior end and continuing inferiorly to the lumbar region of the spine. NervesNerves are bundles of axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that act as information highways to carry signals between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body. Dura mater. Sensory. Sympathetic.

Your Brain & Nervous System Listen How do you remember the way to your friend's house? Why do your eyes blink without you ever thinking about it? Where do dreams come from? Your brain is in charge of these things and a lot more. In fact, your brain is the boss of your body. Your brain has many different parts that work together. cerebrum (say: suh-REE-brum) cerebellum (say: sair-uh-BELL-um) brain stem pituitary (say: puh-TOO-uh-ter-ee) gland hypothalamus (say: hy-po-THAL-uh-mus) The Biggest Part: the Cerebrum The biggest part of the brain is the cerebrum. <a href=" your favorite way to challenge your brain? When you're thinking hard, you're using your cerebrum. The cerebrum has two halves, with one on either side of the head. Listen The Cerebellum's Balancing Act Next up is the cerebellum. Because of your cerebellum, you can stand upright, keep your balance, and move around. Brain Stem Keeps You Breathing — and More Another brain part that's small but mighty is the brain stem.

Enrichment: Activity Discussion: The more frequently we are called on to do a certain task, the easier the task becomes. This is because our brain learns by doing. Each time we repeat a task, nerve cell connections in our brains are strengthened. Materials: jigsaw puzzle of no more than 12 pieces (preferably one new to the class) clock with second hand Procedure: Time a volunteer doing the jigsaw puzzle and record the score on the board. How are the person's times different?

Your Lungs & Respiratory System Listen Time for Talk Your lungs are important for breathing . . . and also for talking! Above the trachea (windpipe) is the larynx (say: LAIR-inks), which is sometimes called the voice box. Across the voice box are two tiny ridges called vocal cords, which open and close to make sounds. When you exhale air from the lungs, it comes through the trachea and larynx and reaches the vocal cords. The amount of air you blow out from your lungs determines how loud a sound will be and how long you can make the sound. Experiment with different sounds and the air it takes to make them — when you giggle, you let out your breath in short bits, but when you burp, you let swallowed air in your stomach out in one long one! Love Your Lungs Your lungs are amazing. Keeping your lungs looking and feeling healthy is a smart idea, and the best way to keep your lungs pink and healthy is not to smoke. You can also show your love for your lungs by exercising!

The Constitution for Kids (4th-7th Grade) This file is intended for students in grades 4 through 7. Other versions of this page are available: Want to change this page's colors? Choose a new skin! If you have any questions about any words or ideas on this page, please ask your parents or teachers for help. Understanding the Constitution is important for all Americans, even kids! If there is anything that could be improved on this page, please let the Webmaster know! The Basics The Constitution is the highest law in the United States. The Constitution can be changed. History The Constitution was written in 1787. From May to September 1787 a group of men known as the Framers met. At that time there were only 13 states. After the Convention, the Constitution had to be approved. Amendments When the Constitution was written, the Framers knew their creation was not perfect. The Framers added an amendment process. Originally, some people did not want to ratify the Constitution. Soon, the new government started meeting. Slavery Women

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