www.bsd.org Linus Torvalds Linus Benedict Torvalds (Swedish: [ˈliːn.ɵs ˈtuːr.valds] ( Biography[edit] Early years[edit] Torvalds was born in Helsinki, Finland. He is the son of journalists Anna and Nils Torvalds,[6] and the grandson of poet Ole Torvalds. Both of his parents were campus radicals at the University of Helsinki in the 1960s. Torvalds attended the University of Helsinki between 1988 and 1996, graduating with a master's degree in computer science from NODES research group.[8] His academic career was interrupted after his first year of study when he joined the Finnish Army, selecting the 11-month officer training program to fulfill the mandatory military service of Finland. His interest in computers began with a Commodore VIC-20.[12] After the VIC-20 he purchased a Sinclair QL, which he modified extensively, especially its operating system. Later years[edit] From 1997 to 1999 he was involved in 86open helping to choose the standard binary format for Linux and Unix. The Linus/Linux connection[edit]
Install Compiz On The Unity Desktop On Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise Pangolin Version 1.0 Author: Christian Schmalfeld <c [dot] schmalfeld [at] projektfarm [dot] de> Last edited 06/07/2012 This tutorial shows how you can configure Compiz on an Ubuntu Linux 12.04 (Precise Pangolin) Unity desktop (the system must have a 3D-capable graphics card - I'm using an NVIDIA GeForce 8200 here). With Compiz you can use beautiful 3D effects like wobbly windows or a desktop cube on your desktop. This document comes without warranty of any kind! 1 Preliminary Note And Rescue Methods I have tried this on a desktop computer with an NVIDIA GeForce 8200. When I installed and configured Compiz on my machine I had to deal with several Unity crashes which a new Linux user probably cannot get around without help, therefore I will give you some commands and shortcuts that might spare you overusing your computer's reset button: To open a terminal without mouse access, press Ctrl + Alt + T. The command unity --reset reboot you can soft-restart your computer. 2 Install Compiz ccsm 5 Links
Qu'est-ce que le copyleft ? - Projet GNU Copyleft is a general method for making a program (or other work) free, and requiring all modified and extended versions of the program to be free as well. The simplest way to make a program free software is to put it in the public domain, uncopyrighted. This allows people to share the program and their improvements, if they are so minded. But it also allows uncooperative people to convert the program into proprietary software. They can make changes, many or few, and distribute the result as a proprietary product. In the GNU project, our aim is to give all users the freedom to redistribute and change GNU software. Copyleft also provides an incentive for other programmers to add to free software. Copyleft also helps programmers who want to contribute improvements to free software get permission to do so. Proprietary software developers use copyright to take away the users' freedom; we use copyright to guarantee their freedom. Copyleft is a way of using of the copyright on the program.
GULL - Groupe romand des utilisateurs/trices de GNU/Linux et de Logiciels libres some commands Linux kernel The Linux kernel is released under the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2)[6] (plus some firmware images with various non-free licenses[8]), and is developed by contributors worldwide. Day-to-day development discussions take place on the Linux kernel mailing list. The Linux kernel was initially conceived and created in 1991 by Finnish computer science student Linus Torvalds.[11] Linux rapidly accumulated developers and users who adapted code from other free software projects for use with the new operating system.[12] The Linux kernel has received contributions from thousands of programmers.[13] History[edit] In April 1991, Linus Torvalds, a 21-year-old student at the University of Helsinki, Finland started working on some simple ideas for an operating system. After that, many people contributed code to the project. By September 1991, Linux version 0.01 was released on the FTP server (ftp.funet.fi) of the Finnish University and Research Network (FUNET). Legal aspects[edit] Network
How to install Linux / UNIX *.tar.gz tarball files Q. I’m new to Linux. Over few days I found lots software distributed as .tar.gz file. How do I install tar.gz files under Linux? A. tar.gz also known as tarball, an archive format for electronic data and software. Most Linux tarball contains a source code for software. Tarballs are a group of files in one file. # 1: Uncompress tarball To uncompress them, execute the following command(s) depending on the extension: $ tar zxf file.tar.gz $ tar zxf file.tgz $ tar jxf file.tar.bz2 $ tar jxf file.tbz2 Now change directory $ ls $ cd path-to-software/ # 2: Build and install software Generally you need to type 3 commands as follows for building and compiling software: # . Where, . # 3: Read INSTALL / README file Each tarball comes with installation and build instructions.
Tableaux blancs interactifs: Québec suspend le programme | Tommy Chouinard | Politique québécoise Le premier ministre libéral a lancé le projet en 2011, à la surprise générale, dans le discours d'ouverture d'une nouvelle session parlementaire. Plus de 40 000 tableaux numériques devaient être achetés en cinq ans pour remplacer les tableaux noirs. La facture est estimée à 240 millions de dollars. Autre gouvernement, autre vision. Selon la ministre de l'Éducation, Marie Malavoy, «c'est un programme mur à mur qui, à l'évidence, n'était peut-être pas la meilleure solution». Au cours d'un entretien avec La Presse, elle a affirmé qu'elle veut prendre le temps nécessaire pour «faire le point sur la situation». «Le problème, c'est que ces tableaux ne correspondent pas nécessairement aux besoins des commissions scolaires et des écoles. Un second appel d'offres pour l'achat de 5400 tableaux a été lancé récemment. Le programme a connu un faux départ. Des surprises et des problèmes Depuis sa création, le programme a engendré «plein de problèmes», selon elle.
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