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Arab Spring

Arab Spring
The protests have shared some techniques of civil resistance in sustained campaigns involving strikes, demonstrations, marches, and rallies, as well as the effective use of social media[20][21] to organize, communicate, and raise awareness in the face of state attempts at repression and Internet censorship.[22][23] Many Arab Spring demonstrations have been met with violent responses from authorities,[24][25][26] as well as from pro-government militias and counter-demonstrators. These attacks have been answered with violence from protestors in some cases.[27][28][29] A major slogan of the demonstrators in the Arab world has been Ash-sha`b yurid isqat an-nizam ("the people want to bring down the regime").[30] Etymology[edit] The term "Arab Spring" is an allusion to the Revolutions of 1848, which is sometimes referred to as "Springtime of the People", and the Prague Spring in 1968. Background[edit] Causes[edit] Recent history[edit] Overview[edit] Summary of conflicts by country[edit]

Arabischer Frühling Arabische Staaten: Staatsoberhaupt gestürztRegierung infolge von Protesten umgebildetVolksaufstand/BürgerkriegMassenprotesteUnruhen/ProtesteKeine Vorfälle bekannt Nicht-arabische Staaten: Proteste in nicht-arabischen StaatenKeine Vorfälle bekannt Arabischer Frühling (arabisch ‏الربيع العربي‎, DMG ar-Rabīʿ al-ʿArabī) oder auch Arabellion[1] bezeichnet eine im Dezember 2010 beginnende Serie von Protesten, Aufständen und Revolutionen in der Arabischen Welt, welche sich, beginnend mit der Revolution in Tunesien, in etlichen Staaten im Nahen Osten (Maschrek/Arabische Halbinsel) und in Nordafrika (Maghreb) gegen die dort autoritär herrschenden Regime und die politischen und sozialen Strukturen dieser Länder richten.[2] Der Arabische Frühling gilt für manche Historiker als historische Zäsur. Ereignisse[Bearbeiten] Am 17. Die Massenproteste führten bisher zur Absetzung und Flucht des tunesischen Machthabers Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali und zum Rücktritt des ägyptischen Präsidenten Husni Mubarak.

Free Syrian Army Riad al-Asaad stated in October 2011 that the Free Syrian Army (FSA) has no political goals except the removal of Bashar Assad as president of Syria.[20][21] The FSA has also claimed that the conflict is not sectarian, that they have in their ranks Alawis who oppose the government, and that there will be no reprisals if it falls.[22] On 23 September 2011, the Free Syrian Army merged with the Free Officers Movement (Arabic: حركة الضباط الأحرار‎, Ḥarakat aḑ-Ḑubbāṭ al-Aḥrār) and became the main opposition army group.[8][23][24] By July 2012, there were over 100,000 defectors from the armed forces reported, according to activist and media sources.[25] About a year prior, American intelligence sources gave estimates of more than 10,000 defectors.[26][27] The actual number of soldiers defecting to the Free Syrian Army is unknown.[28][29] The FSA operates throughout Syria, both in urban areas and in the countryside. History[edit] Origin[edit] Formation[edit] Expansion[edit] Reorganisation[edit]

Printemps arabe Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Cet article concerne le Printemps arabe (2010-2014). Pour les autres articles traitant de « révoltes arabes », voir Révolte arabe. Chute du régime Chute du gouvernement Réformes Guerre civile Mouvement d'ampleur prolongé Autres protestations Pays non arabes touchés par un mouvement social simultanément aux révoltes arabes Le « Printemps arabe » est un ensemble de contestations populaires, d'ampleur et d'intensité très variables, qui se produisent dans de nombreux pays du monde arabe à partir de décembre 2010. Les principales causes de ces mouvements à forte dimension sociale[1] sont le manque de libertés individuelles et publiques, la kleptocratie, le chômage, la misère, le coût de la vie élevé ainsi qu'un besoin de démocratie qui ne soit pas une simple façade[14]. Contexte et points communs des pays concernés[modifier | modifier le code] Démographie : des révolutions de la jeunesse[modifier | modifier le code]

research to be done: aCAMPadaBerlin In Syria, group suspected of al-Qaeda links gaining prominence in war to topple Assad The group, suspected of affiliations to al-Qaeda, says it is also fighting in other locations, including the cities of Homs and Idlib and the suburbs of the capital, Damascus. Its growing role has prompted concerns that the 17-month-old uprising against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad’s regime is becoming radicalized as the bloodshed soars. On a recent morning, three jihadist fighters chambered rounds into their AK-47 rifles as their bearded driver sped through Aleppo’s streets in a bullet-ridden white van. “If shooting starts, put your head down,” one of the jihadists said as the van headed toward the flashpoint Salahuddin neighborhood, blending in with the battle-scarred vehicles of other fighters hurtling through the streets. Jabhat al-Nusra’s growing visibility on the streets of Syrian cities highlights one of the reasons the United States and its allies have been reluctant to arm Syrian rebels even as Obama administration officials repeatedly insist that Assad must go.

Proteste in Spanien 2011 Entwicklung[Bearbeiten] Die landesweiten Proteste begannen am 15. Mai 2011 mit einem Aufruf in 58 spanischen Städten. Sie erhielten Mitte Mai Unterstützung von über 200 Verbänden,[5] Ende Mai wuchs die Zahl auf etwa 500 Initiativen an.[6] Ab dem 18. Mai wurden unter dem Motto „¡Democracia real ya!“ mehrere Massendemonstrationen abgehalten und landesweite Protestcamps errichtet.[7] Die „Bewegung 15. Am 27. Am 29. Auf einigen großen Plätzen Spaniens hatten sich am 30. Am 7. Am 19. Ursachen und Hintergründe der Protestbewegung[Bearbeiten] Ziel der Demonstranten ist ein Wandel in der spanischen Politik und Gesellschaft. Es haben sich bisher keine Wortführer hervorgetan. Die Proteste wurden beeinflusst durch die Ereignisse des Arabischen Frühlings,[28][29] sowie durch die Proteste in Griechenland und Island im Jahr 2008.[30] Außerdem nehmen sie (in der Selbstbezeichnung Indignados (‚Empörte‘)) Bezug auf das Buch Empört Euch! Politische Reaktionen[Bearbeiten] Internationale Reaktion[Bearbeiten]

Syria: A Priority for New Opposition Group (New York) – Syria’s newly created opposition front should send a clear message to opposition fighters that they must adhere to the laws of war and human rights law, and that violators will be held accountable. Countries financing or supplying arms to opposition groups should send a strong signal to the opposition that they expect it to comply strictly with international human rights and humanitarian law. Syrian opposition factions signed an agreement in Qatar on November 11, 2012, to create a new umbrella grouping, the National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces (the National Coalition). The unity accord states that the National Coalition “supports the unification of the revolutionary military councils under the leadership of a supreme military council,” will establish a “national judicial commission,” and will “form a provincial government after gaining international recognition.” The accord will come into force once it has been ratified by its members.

2011 Spanish protests Documental 15M: «Excelente. Revulsivo. Importante». The 2011–present Spanish protests, also referred to as the 15-M Movement (Spanish: Movimiento 15-M),[2] the Indignants Movement,[3] and Take the Square #spanishrevolution,[4] are a series of ongoing[5] demonstrations in Spain whose origin can be traced to social networks such as Real Democracy NOW (Spanish: Democracia Real YA) or Youth Without a Future (Spanish: Juventud Sin Futuro) among other civilian digital platforms and 200 other small associations.[6] The protests started on May 15, 2011 with an initial call in 58 Spanish cities.[7] The series of protests demand a radical change in Spanish politics, as protesters do not consider themselves to be represented by any traditional party nor favoured by the measures approved by politicians.[8] Spanish media has related the protests to the economic crisis, Stéphane Hessel's Time for Outrage! Background[edit] Demonstration in Barcelona on 22 January against the raise in the retirement age

Mouvement des Indignés Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Les slogans et consignes sont écrits sur des papiers et des cartons de récupération. Documental 15M: «Excelente. Revulsivo. Importante». French subtitles Ce mouvement, inédit par son ampleur et ses revendications, se poursuit encore actuellement. Le nom des indignés a été donné par les médias et inspiré du titre du manifeste Indignez-vous ! Formation du mouvement[modifier | modifier le code] Contexte international[modifier | modifier le code] Le mouvement du 15 Mai naît alors que l’Europe et le monde subissent les conséquences de la crise économique de 2008, née du scandale de la crise des subprimes[14]. Un autre facteur qui apparaît comme fondamental aux activistes du 15M est le réseau Internet, qui permet de nouer des contacts entre personnes partageant les mêmes centres d’intérêt, et une coordination rapide[15]. Contexte espagnol[modifier | modifier le code] Motivations[modifier | modifier le code] Revendications[modifier | modifier le code]

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