Seven Against Thebes Plot summary[edit] When Oedipus, King of Thebes, realized he had married his own mother and had two sons and two daughters with her, he blinded himself and cursed his sons to divide their inheritance (the kingdom) by the sword. The two sons, Eteocles and Polynices, in order to avoid bloodshed, agreed to rule Thebes in alternate years. After the first year, Eteocles refused to step down and as a result, Polynices raised an army (captained by the eponymous Seven) of Argives to take Thebes by force. The seven attackers and defenders in the play are: Mythic content[edit] The mythic theme passed into Etruscan culture: a fifth-century bronze mirrorback[7] is inscribed with Fulnice (Polynices) and Evtucle (Eteocles) running at one another with drawn swords. The Seven Against Thebes were Allies: Eteoclus and Mecisteus. The defenders of Thebes included See also Epigoni, the mythic theme of the Second War of Thebes Laius, Oedipus and The Sphinx[edit] Notes[edit] ^ Jump up to: a b Smyth, H.W. (1930). A.
Greek primordial deities Genealogy and nature[edit] The primordial gods are depicted as places or realms. A common example is Tartarus, who is depicted as the Underworld, Hell, and a bottomless abyss. Hesiod[edit] According to Hesiod's Theogony (ca. 700 BC): Other sources[edit] Other genealogy structures[edit] Philosophers of Classical Greece also constructed their own metaphysical cosmogonies, with their own primordial deities: Pherecydes of Syros (ca. 600–550 BC) made Chronos (time) the first deity in his Heptamychia.Empedocles (ca. 490–430 BC) wrote that Aphrodite and Ares[citation needed] were the first principles, who wove the universe out of the four elements with their powers of love and strife.Plato (ca. 360 BC) introduced the concept in Timaeus, the demiurge, modeled the universe on the Ideas. See also[edit] References[edit] External links[edit]
Nemesis (mythology) In Greek mythology, Nemesis (Greek, Νέμεσις), also called Rhamnousia/Rhamnusia ("the goddess of Rhamnous") at her sanctuary at Rhamnous, north of Marathon, was the spirit of divine retribution against those who succumb to hubris (arrogance before the deities). Another name was Adrasteia, meaning "the inescapable."[1] The Greeks personified vengeful fate as a remorseless goddess: the goddess of revenge. The name Nemesis is related to the Greek word νέμειν [némein], meaning "to give what is due".[2] Nemesis, Roman marble from Egypt, second century AD (Louvre) Nemesis has been described as the daughter of Oceanus or Zeus, but according to Hesiod she was a child of Erebus and Nyx. The word Nemesis originally meant the distributor of fortune, neither good nor bad, simply in due proportion to each according to what was deserved. In the Greek tragedies Nemesis appears chiefly as the avenger of crime and the punisher of hubris, and as such is akin to Atë and the Erinyes.
IMPORTANCE OF CORAL REEFS - Coral Reefs - Ocean World IMPORTANCE of CORAL REEFS Coral reefs are important for many reasons. Most importantly, they provide protection and shelter for many different species of fish. Without coral reefs, these fish are left homeless with nowhere to live and no where to have their babies. What Destroys Coral Reefs and How Can I Help? Go " FORWARD " to find out! Printer Friendly Page Fibonacci Numbers and The Golden Section in Art, Architecture and Music This section introduces you to some of the occurrences of the Fibonacci series and the Golden Ratio in architecture, art and music. Contents of this page The icon means there is a Things to do investigation at the end of the section. 1·61803 39887 49894 84820 45868 34365 63811 77203 09179 80576 ..More.. The Golden section in architecture The Parthenon and Greek Architecture The ancient Greeks knew of a rectangle whose sides are in the golden proportion (1 : 1.618 which is the same as 0.618 : 1). The Acropolis (see a plan diagram or Roy George's plan of the Parthenon with active spots to click on to view photographs), in the centre of Athens, is an outcrop of rock that dominates the ancient city. Links Modern Architecture The Eden Project's new Education Building The Eden Project in St. California Polytechnic Engineering Plaza As a guiding element, we selected the Fibonacci series spiral, or golden mean, as the representation of engineering knowledge. The United Nations Building in New York Music Art
Theban Cycle Detail of clay group with mythological scene from the Theban cycle, from the area of temple A at Pyrgi, mid-fifth century BC. The Theban Cycle (Greek: Θηβαϊκὸς Κύκλος) is a collection of four lost epics of ancient Greek literature which related the mythical history of the Boeotian city of Thebes.[1] They were composed in dactylic hexameter verse and were probably written down between 750 and 500 BC. The 9th-century AD scholar and clergyman Photius, in his Bibliotheca, considered the Theban Cycle part of the Epic Cycle; however, modern scholars normally do not. The stories in the Theban Cycle were traditional ones: the two Homeric epics, the Iliad and Odyssey, display knowledge of many of them. The most famous stories in the Cycle were those of Oedipus and of the "Seven against Thebes", both of which were heavily drawn on by later writers of Greek tragedy. The epics of the Theban Cycle were as follows: Select editions and translations[edit] Critical editions[edit] Translations[edit]
Ragnarök The north portal of the 11th century Urnes stave church has been interpreted as containing depictions of snakes and dragons that represent Ragnarök In Norse mythology, Ragnarök is a series of future events, including a great battle foretold to ultimately result in the death of a number of major figures (including the gods Odin, Thor, Týr, Freyr, Heimdallr, and Loki), the occurrence of various natural disasters, and the subsequent submersion of the world in water. Afterward, the world will resurface anew and fertile, the surviving and returning gods will meet, and the world will be repopulated by two human survivors. Ragnarök is an important event in the Norse canon, and has been the subject of scholarly discourse and theory. The event is attested primarily in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. Mythology[edit] The Old Norse word "ragnarok" is a compound of two words.
Golden Ratio in Art and Architecture Golden Ratio in Art & Architecture by Nikhat Parveen, UGA “Mathematics is the majestic structure conceived by man to grant him comprehension of the universe”- LE CORBUSIER One of the strongest advocates for the application of the Golden Ratio to art and architecture was the famous Swiss-French architect and Painter Le Corbusier (Charles-Edouard Jeanneret, 1887- 1965). Originally, Le Corbusier expressed rather skeptical, and even negative, views of the application of the Golden ratio to art, warning against the “replacement of the mysticism of the sensibility by the Golden Section.”In fact, a thorough analysis of Le Corbusier’s architectural designs and “Purists” paintings by Roger Herz-Fischler shows that prior to 1927, Le Corbusier never used the Golden ratio. Le Corbusier’s fascination with Aesthetics and with the Golden Ratio had two origins. The Modulor was supposed to provide “a harmonic measure to the human scale, universally applicable to architecture and mechanics.” Modulor man
Argonauts Story[edit] After the death of King Cretheus, the Aeolian Pelias usurped the Iolcan throne from his half-brother Aeson and became king of Iolcus in Thessaly (near the modern city of Volos). Because of this unlawful act, an oracle warned him that a descendant of Aeolus would seek revenge. Pelias put to death every prominent descendant of Aeolus he could, but spared Aeson because of the pleas of their mother Tyro. Instead, Pelias kept Aeson prisoner and forced him to renounce his inheritance. Aeson married Alcimede, who bore him a son named Jason. When Jason was 20 years old, an oracle ordered him to dress as a Magnesian and head to the Iolcan court. Another oracle warned Pelias to be on his guard against a man with one shoe. Jason was accompanied by some of the principal heroes of ancient Greece. The crew of the Argo[edit] There is no definite list of the Argonauts. Several more names are discoverable from other sources. Notes to the list[edit] Adaptations of the myth[edit] Literature[edit]
Swedish divers unearth a 'Stone Age Atlantis': 11,000-year-old ancient settlement discovered under the Baltic Sea Divers found a harpoon, tools, horns and the bones of ancient cattle The bones belonged to the animal auroch last seen in the early 1600sArchaeologists believe these relics date back to the Stone AgeIt is said to be the oldest settlement in the area - dubbed Sweden’s 'Atlantis' By Victoria Woollaston Published: 16:06 GMT, 27 January 2014 | Updated: 17:16 GMT, 27 January 2014 Divers in Sweden have discovered a rare collection of Stone Age artefacts buried deep beneath the Baltic Sea. Archaeologists believe the relics were left by Swedish nomads 11,000 years ago and the discovery may be evidence of one of the oldest settlements ever found in the Nordic region. Some of the relics are so well preserved, reports have dubbed the find 'Sweden’s Atlantis' and suggested the settlement may have been swallowed whole by the sea in the same way as the mythical island in the Atlantic Ocean. Divers in Sweden have discovered a rare collection of Stone Age artefacts buried beneath the Baltic Sea, pictured.
Euclid, the Father of Geometry - Greek Mathematics Euclid enters history as one of the greatest of all mathematicians and he is often referred to as the father of geometry. The standard geometry most of us learned in school is called Euclidian Geometry. Euclid gathered up all of the knowledge developed in Greek mathematics at that time and created his great work, a book called 'The Elements' (c300 BCE). Euclid probably attended Plato's academy in Athens before moving to Alexandria, in Egypt. Euclid's Elements Euclid's great work consisted of thirteen books covering a vast body of mathematical knowledge, spanning arithmetic, geometry and number theory. Books I - IV, and Book VI: Plane Geometry Books XI - XIII: Solid Geometry Books V and X: Magnitudes and Ratios Books VII - IX: Whole Numbers Euclid's Axioms Euclid based his approach upon 10 axioms, statements that could be accepted as truths. Euclid's First Group of Postulates - the Common Notions: The remaining five postulates were related specifically to geometry: Euclid's Influence
Odyssey Greek text of the Odyssey's opening passage The Odyssey (Greek: Ὀδύσσεια, Odýsseia) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. It is, in part, a sequel to the Iliad, the other work ascribed to Homer. The poem mainly centers on the Greek hero Odysseus (known as Ulysses in Roman myths) and his journey home after the fall of Troy. It continues to be read in the Homeric Greek and translated into modern languages around the world. The Odyssey has a lost sequel, the Telegony, which was not written by Homer. Synopsis[edit] Exposition[edit] The Odyssey begins ten years after the end of the ten-year Trojan War (that is the subject of the Iliad), and Odysseus has still not returned home from the war. Odysseus' protectress, the goddess Athena, discusses his fate with Zeus, king of the gods, at a moment when Odysseus' enemy, the god of the sea Poseidon, is absent from Mount Olympus. Escape to the Phaeacians[edit] Odysseus' account of his adventures[edit] Return to Ithaca[edit]
Ancient Sumerians In Ecuador: The Father Crespi Mystery… | Hidden Inca Tours In the Amazonian Ecuadorian region called Morona Santiago there is a very deep cavern, known in Spanish as Cueva de los Tayos (Cave of the Oilbirds). According to some researchers the true discoverer of the huge archaeological treasures of the Cueva de los Tayos was not the Hungarian Juan Moricz, but rather the Salesian priest Carlo Crespi (1891-1982), a native of Milan, Italy. Carlo Crespi, who arrived to the Amazonian Ecuador area of Cuenca in 1927, was able to win the trust of the natives Jibaro, and so they did deliver to him, over decades, hundreds of fabulous archaeological pieces dating back to an unknown time, many of them made of gold or golden, often masterfully carved with archaic hieroglyphs that, to date, no one has been able to decipher. From 1960 Crespi obtained from the Vatican the permission to open a museum in the city of Cuenca, where was located his Salesian mission. In 1962 there was a fire, and some pieces were lost forever. Full details Here Full details Here
EUCLID, The Elements Next: About this document Euclid is known to almost every high school student as the author of The Elements, the long studied text on geometry and number theory. No other book except the Bible has been so widely translated and circulated. From the time it was written it was regarded as an extraordinary work and was studied by all mathematicians, even the greatest mathematician of antiquity -- Archimedes, and so it has been through the 23 centuries that have followed. It is unquestionably the best mathematics text ever written and is likely to remain so into the distant future. This is a miniature from the manuscript of the Roman surveyors found in Wolfenbüttel, 6th century AD Euclid Little is known about Euclid, fl. 300BC, the author of The Elements. Almost everything about him comes from Proclus' Commentary, 4th cent AD. Euclid is said to have said to the first Ptolemy who inquired if there was a shorter way to learn geometry than the Elements: ...there is no royal road to geometry 1. 2.