Forest certification: a small step towards sustainability It can be hard to know whether the forest products you buy have been produced sustainably. Forestry certifications were established to give a bit more certainty, but what do they really mean? When you buy a certified product, are you necessarily helping the environment? A short history of certification The two international forestry certifications - Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and Program for the Endorsement of Forest Certifications (PEFC) - have had an interesting history over the past 20 years. According to environmental NGOs, governments failed to agree on how to address rapid deforestation, mostly in the tropics. Yet another account is that the economically poor but forest-rich tropical nations refused to bow to western NGO pressure, forcing them to take up a forestry standard that could be used as some form of trade barrier. Scholars question the role and effectiveness of international forest certifications. FSC, PEFC: what’s the difference? So how does Australia stack up?
Earth Floor: Biomes Deciduous Forest The mid-latitude deciduous forest biome is located between the polar regions and the tropics. Because of its location, air masses from both the cold polar region and the warm tropical region contribute to the changes of climate in this biome. Photo © 2000-www.arttoday.com Mid-latitude deciduous forests have both a warm and a cold season (see climograph). Precipitation ranges from 30 to 60 inches and is evenly distributed throughout the year. Much of the human population lives in this biome. "Deciduous" means to fall off, or shed, seasonally. Back | Next
How tall can a tree grow? - Valentin Hammoudi As explained in this lesson, at the base of the tree the phloem sap has delivered most of its sugar and is therefore quite watery. Just next to it, the xylem sap is rich in minerals, which were mostly absorbed by the roots. This unbalanced rate of water between phloem and xylem leads to water movement from the first one to the latter one, due to a phenomenon called osmosis. As water gets evaporated at the leaves, the pressure inside the xylem rises which creates the so-called follicular aspiration making the xylem sap move upwards. One of the additional characteristic of this circulatory system is its extreme low energy cost.
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Deciduous Forest Deciduous biomes are located primarily in the eastern half of the United States, Canada, Europe, parts of Russia, China, and Japan. Climate The average temperature of the forest is about 50 degrees F. The average amount of rainfall in the forest is 30 to 60 inches a year. As the seasons change, so do the colors of the leaves of the deciduous. Animals Precipitation in the temperate deciduous forest is spread throughout the year. More Pictures of Deciduous Forest Animals: Aspic Viper Cardinal Gray Squirrel Raccoon Vegetation In the deciduous forest there are many flowers like the passion berry and the blue lily. The Deciduous forest does not have much vegetation but there are many trees that contain outrageous amounts of flowers. More Pictures of Deciduous Forest Vegetation: Dog Wood Leaves Fringe Leaf Ginkgo Leaves Health Issues The Federation has been distributing food and clothing to more than 130,000 people since November 1995 in cooperation with the DPRK and the Red Cross.
UW - Brockman Memorial Tree Tour Dedication This tour is dedicated to the memory of Professor C. Frank Brockman (1902-1985), who capped an influential, productive career in forestry and outdoor recreation by producing in 1980 the original University of Washington tree tour. Introduction About 480 different kinds of trees beautify the U.W. If you are using the print version of the Brockman Memorial Tree Tour, please see the addendum to the print booklet. Acknowledgements The C. Conceptual design: Suzanne Hellmuth and Jock Reynolds Tree tour text: Arthur Lee Jacobson and Carly Thornburg Editing: Sara Shores, Margaret Nailen, Seth Cowdery, Ellen Perry, Nora Strothman, Jessie Heasley, Linda Hanlon, Al Wagar, Ruth Thornburg, Dr. The C. It is the artists' hope that these new campus amenities will be enjoyed by many students, faculty, and staff members of the University, as well as by public visitors and returning alumni. Works Cited Aamodt, Kirsten.
Glossaire de terminologie foresti re Débardeur: Engin forestier automoteur à châssis articulé, utilisé pour les opérations de débardage. Skidder Index Déboisement : Défricher un terrain forestier pour l'utilisation à long-terme (autre que la foresterie). Deforestation Index Dendrologie (forestière) : Étude et identification des arbres. Dérivé/composés phénoliques : Substances organiques très complexes qui se trouvent dans toutes les plantes en concentration, dosage et rapport divers. Désertification : Transformation de régions arides ou semi-arides autrefois productives en déserts par suite d’une sécheresse prolongée ou d’un mauvais aménagement à long terme des ressources aquatiques et terrestres. Développement durable des forêts : Développement des forêts en fonction des besoins actuels sans nuire à leur productivité future, à leur diversité écologique ou à leur capacité de régénération. Dioxide de carbone :(CO2 ) Gaz incolore, inodore et incom-bustible. Domaine vital : Exigences d'espace vital d'une espèce donnée.
Efficient Tree Trimming in Bentonville, Arkansas Tree trimming service is important for many reasons. This Northwest Arkansas tree care company can trim your trees and keep them healthy, strong and visually appealing to anyone who sees them. Residential and Commercial Tree Trimming If you reside or work in the Bentonville, Arkansas area and wish to maintain a yard that looks fresh and properly maintained at all times, your first step should be to make sure that your trees are always trimmed. A reputable tree service company such as this one can manage all of your tree trimming needs for you. Skilled Arborists on Staff When you're searching for tree trimming service Bentonville can always trust, this esteemed company is a very good option. Reasonably Priced Service If you always put off hiring professional tree trimming service because you're wary about the price, you can discard that concern right now.
Temperate Deciduous Forest The Temperate Deciduous Forest The temperate deciduous forest occupies much of the middle of the Whittaker diagram, and to those of us who live here, it sure feels that way. Rapid changes from cold and dry to wet and warm or to any of the other corners of the climate envelope are often swift and dramatic. A favorite saying among the natives is "if you don't like the weather, wait a minute". Of course, we are talking about climate here, not weather, but the principle remains. Over the course of the year the climate will range from cold with precipitation in the form of snow, to hot, with precipitation in the form of rain. As the diagram indicates, the average annual temperature ranges up to about 20 C down to freezing. Southern Ohio has a different feel to it. More on Forests - Forests in Europe Back
Forest*A*Syst Glossary of Common Forestry Terms Access road A temporary or permanent access route. Aesthetics An individual's appreciation of the forest landscape for its unique and varied components without regard to its utility or monetary value. Agroforestry The intentional act of combining agriculture and forestry to create integrated and sustainable land-use system. Alleycropping The planting of rows of trees and/or shrubs (single or multiple) at wide spacing, creating alleyways within which agricultural crops or horticultural crops are produced. Bedding A site preparation method using special equipment to form soil and forest litter into a ridge six to 10 inches high and 3 to 4 feet wide, on which tree seedlings are planted. Best Management Practices (BMP's) Effective economical practices associated with silvicultural operations that minimize nonpoint source pollution (soil erosion and stream sedimentation). Broad base dip A shallow depression constructed diagonally across a road to remove storm water runoff.
Glossaire | Forêt Investissement Abroutissement(s) Dégâts sur les plantations, liés à la consommation des pousses d’arbres par le bétail ou le gibier. Accompagnement (ou bourrage) Végétation ligneuse introduite ou laissée autour d'une tige avec l’objectif de gainer celle-ci. Accroissement Augmentation des dimensions et du volume des arbres. Accroissement courant en volume : Différence de volume entre deux années successives.Accroissement moyen du volume : Moyenne réalisée sur plusieurs années Accru naturel Peuplement forestier obtenu par la colonisation naturelle d’un terrain dont l’utilisation précédente a été abandonnée (déprise des terres agricoles). Affranchi Se dit d’un rejet de taillis ou d’un drageon qui, en grossissant, s’est suffisamment enraciné pour prendre son indépendance vis-à-vis de la souche-mère. Agroforesterie Système de production qui associe sur une même parcelle la culture des arbres et l’élevage ou une autre culture Amélioration (coupe d’amélioration) Aménagement forestier Amendement Andainage Arbre Assiette Cône
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